| Citation: |
ZHANG Yifan, SHI Zhiwei, ZHANG Qian, et al. Effect of opening position on the connection performance of 3D woven composite materials[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2024, 41(9): 4888-4896. DOI: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20231219.001
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The traditional 3D woven composites (3DWCs) contain only 0° and 90° yarns, causing the low overall extrusion strength of the joint structures, and the main failure modes were extrusion damage and shear damage. In this paper, a multiaxial 3D woven structure was proposed, in which the bias yarn layers were introduced into the traditional woven structure to form an in-plane quasi-isotropic 3D woven structure, which was able to effectively improve the shear resistance. Three different fabric structures of multiaxial woven composites were designed in this paper, and the effects of fabric structures and opening positions on the macroscopic mechanical behaviors were investigated, and the damage modes of each yarn layer were analyzed using the micro-scanning technology, and the failure mechanism of the joint structures were clarified, laying a foundation for the design of joint structure of 3DWCs.
The materials used in this paper were TG800HX carbon fiber and epoxy resin TDE-86.The yarn arrangements of the three 3D woven fabrics were [90/0/90/0/90/0/90 /0/90/0/90], [90/45/-45/90/-45/45/90], and [90/45/0/-45/90/-45/0/45/90], denoted as MW3D-I, MW3D-II and MW3D-III, respectively. Each type of specimen was prepared with three end-diameter ratios (=1, 2, 3). The open-hole joint test of 3DWCs was carried out according to the ASTM D5961/ D5961M-17. The effects of fabric structure and opening position on the macroscopic mechanical behaviors were investigated, and the macroscopic damage morphology of the composites and the microscopic damage modes of each yarn layer were obtained by 3D profiler and CT scanning technology, revealing the failure mechanism of the open-hole joint structure of multiaxial 3D woven composites.
There are differences in the effect of end-diameter ratio() on composites with different structural parameters. When the decreases from 3 to 2, the ultimate compressive strength of three structural composites decreases by 5.3%, 9.9%, and 5.9%, respectively. When the decreases from 2 to 1, the ultimate compressive strength decreases by 73.3%, 68.9%, and 69.8%, respectively. When the changes from 3 to 1, the damage mode of the composites changes from extrusion damage to interfacial debonding, and the damage propagation of each yarn layer presents obvious angle features.Conclusions：By investigating the open-hole joint performance of three-dimensional woven composites (3DWCs) with three different structures, the effects of structural parameters and end-diameter ratio () on the mechanical properties of 3DWCs open-hole joint were analyzed. In this paper, the macroscopic damage morphology of composites with different structures and opening positions, as well as the microscopic damage patterns of each yarn layer were discussed, and the failure mechanism of 3DWCs with open-hole joint structures was revealed.(1) When changed from 3 to 2, no significant decrease in the ultimate extrusion strength was shown in three 3DWCs; when changed from 2 to 1, the ultimate loads and failure displacements of three structural composites reduced dramatically. Among them, the decrease of load-bearing capacity of MW3D-III was the largest, which proved that the effect of on the joint performance of 3DWCs was closely related to the preform structures.(2) When were 3 and 2 for MW3D-Ⅰ and MW3D-Ⅲ, the main damage mode was extrusion at the edge of the hole. When was 1, the interfacial debonding and shear failure was found in MW3D-Ⅰ, whereas no shear failure occurred in MW3D-Ⅲ because of the ±45° bias yarns. For MW3D-Ⅱ, when were 3 and 2, extrusion damage and matrix cracks could be observed. When was 1, the extrusion damage disappeared, and the main damage mode was the end yarn debonding.(3) For the multiaxial woven composite MW3D-Ⅲ, when were 3 and 2, the warp yarns showed extension failure along ±45° direction, while the weft yarns appeared compression stacking and breakage, and the damage of bias yarns were symmetrically distributed. When was 1, the warp yarns and bias yarns basically did not undergo compression failure, they were extruded out of the specimen ends with the destruction of the interface. The weft yarns were severely buckling, and the whole specimen was destructed seriously, and the yarn breakage and matrix cracking were the most obvious failure mode.
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