| Citation: |
WU Xiao, JIANG Hongjie, CHENG Zhongxu, et al. Preparation and damping behavior of NiTip/5052 Al composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(8): 4821-4830. DOI: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221028.001
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With the increasing demand of society and the development of industrial technology, the field of mechanical engineering has put forward higher requirements for the vibration and noise reduction of aluminum alloy materials. Aluminum alloys are generally considered to be low damping alloys and do not have low-temperature (below 150°C) damping characteristics, which limits their use in equipment and components with high requirements for vibration and noise reduction. Aiming at the problem of low intrinsic damping of aluminum alloy, NiTip/5052Al composites were prepared by friction stir processing (FSP), in order to improve the low temperature damping property of aluminum base alloy by using the phase transformation damping characteristics of NiTi particles.
The NiTi particles were added into the pre-set holes of the aluminum plate, and then the NiTip/5052Al composite was obtained after 4 passes of FSP by gantry friction stirring welding machine. The microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties of the NiTip/5052Al composites were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and universal testing machine, respectively. The phase transformation behavior of the samples was tested by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to investigate the effect of phase transition characteristics of NiTi particles on the NiTip/5052Al composites. The Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) was used to test the internal friction and storage modulus of the samples in the temperature range of -120~90°C and to investigate the damping behavior of the NiTip/5052Al composites.
From the comparative analysis of the data and results in this paper, it can be seen that the NiTip/5052Al composite has the following main characteristics: (1) The interfaces between NiTi particles and 5052Al matrix are well bonded after FSP, and no interfacial reaction occurs. The NiTip/5052Al composites have martensitic transformation characteristics of NiTi alloy. (2) The strength of NiTip/5052Al composites are higher than 5052Al and FSP-5052Al alloy. The tensile strength of as-NiTip/5052Al composite is 240 MPa, which is 23.7% and 10.1% higher than 5052Al and FSP-5052Al alloy, respectively. The NiTi particles in the tensile fracture morphologically of the NiTip/5052Al alloy are intact and exhibit finer and more uniform dimples than those of 5052Al alloy. (3) The damping properties of NiTip/5052Al composites are significantly better than 5052Al alloy and FSP-5052Al alloy, and the composites exhibit significant phase transformation internal friction peaks. (4) Due to the different phase transformation behavior of the NiTi particle reinforced phase, internal friction peak temperatures of phase transformation of as-NiTip/5052Al and 550°C-NiTip/5052Al composites are also significantly different. When the temperature rises to 23°C, the internal friction peak of 550°C-NiTip /5052Al composite is 300% and 140% higher than 5052Al and FSP-5052Al alloys, respectively. When the temperature rises to 33°C，the internal friction peak of as-NiTip/5052Al composite is 233% and 100% higher than 5052Al and FSP-5052Al alloys, respectively. (5) The storage modulus of NiTip/5052Al composites decrease with increasing temperature and strain, and their storage modulus are higher than 5052Al alloy and FSP-5052Al alloy.Conclusions: The intrinsic phase transformation characteristics of the NiTi particles make the NiTip/5052Al composites all show a wide martensitic phase transformation characteristic peak. Due to the load-bearing effect of NiTi reinforcing particles in the NiTip/5052Al composite matrix, the strength of the composite is higher than that of 5052Al and FSP-5052Al alloys. The as-NiTip/5052Al composites have NiTi particles and pits in the tensile fracture, pits are caused by NiTi particles exfoliation, and there are a large number of fine dimples in matrix. The phase transformation damping behavior induced by NiTi particles during the phase transformation causes the composites to exhibit internal friction peaks with phase transformation characteristics, making the NiTip/5052Al composites have significantly better damping properties than 5052Al and FSP-5052Al alloys. The extrusion deformation effect in the FSP process and the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between NiTi particles and 5052Al matrix lead to more residual stresses in the composites, which is conducive to improving the storage modulus of the composites, making the storage modulus of NiTip/5052Al composites significantly higher than that of 5052Al and FSP-5052Al alloys.
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