Icing can seriously affect the safety and stability of various aspects of social life such as traffic vehicles, large buildings and industrial production, causing economic losses and even endangering personal safety. Therefore, it is of great value to carry out research on anti-/de-icing materials and technologies. With the rapid development of new equipment and technologies, smart anti-/de-icing technology with functions such as icing sensing detection, self-diagnose and control, and external field driven response has provided new ideas for solving surface icing problems. In this paper, firstly, the principles of icing in air environment, terrestrial environment and marine environment were described. On the basis of summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of active and passive anti-/de-icing technologies, in combination with the characteristics of smart anti-/de-icing technology, the icing detection mechanism of microwave resonant sensor, capacitive sensor and optical fiber sensor was introduced. And the applications of smart technology in anti-/de-icing systems were analyzed, discussing in detail the smart hybrid anti-/de-icing system composed of electric heating and low-interfacial toughness coatings, the DBD plasma actuator with integrated functions of icing detection and anti-/de-icing, and the dynamic anti-/de-icing system composed of shape memory polymers. What’s more, smart anti-/de-icing coatings for photothermal driven response and temperature driven response were also outlined. Finally, the future research directions and development trends of smart technology in anti-/de-icing were prospected.
DownLoad:
