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WEN Xiaodong, GONG Wenbo, ZHOU Ming, et al. Effect of shear key arrangement on the bonding properties of prefabricated UHPC-NC interface[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2025, 42(3): 1588-1600. DOI: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20240605.001
Citation: WEN Xiaodong, GONG Wenbo, ZHOU Ming, et al. Effect of shear key arrangement on the bonding properties of prefabricated UHPC-NC interface[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2025, 42(3): 1588-1600. DOI: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20240605.001
shu

Effect of shear key arrangement on the bonding properties of prefabricated UHPC-NC interface

  • School of Architecture and Transportation Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, China

Funds: Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province (LGG21E080007); Ningbo Natural Science Foundation (202003N4170); Major Project of Science and Technology Innovation in Ningbo (2023Z148)
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  • Received Date: March 24, 2024
  • Revised Date: May 15, 2024
  • Accepted Date: May 24, 2024
  • Available Online: June 17, 2024
  • Published Date: June 05, 2024
    Abstract

  • In order to study the bond-slip behavior of the interface between prefabricated ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and normal concrete (NC), 12 sets of UHPC-NC bond specimens were tested using double-sided shear tests with the density and spacing of shear studs on the prefabricated UHPC surface as the experimental parameters. The results show that, after the shear studs being installed on the formwork, there are three main failure modes of the specimens, namely: (a) Shear failure of UHPC-NC bond surface and UHPC shear studs; (b) Shear failure of UHPC-NC bond surface and simultaneous shear and peeling failure of UHPC shear studs; and (c) Shear failure of UHPC-NC bond surface and axial compression failure of NC matrix. The density and distribution interval of shear studs have a significant impact on the shear strength of UHPC-NC bond surface, especially the shear stud density. The shear strength on the bond surface increases parabolically with the density of shear studs. Under the same density of shear stud, the specimens with larger distribution interval of shear stud have a 19.04%-41.74% increase in shear strength on the bond surface, compared to the specimens with smaller distribution interval. On the basis of existing models and experimental results, a calculation formula for the shear strength of prefabricated UHPC-NC bond surface is established. It considers the failure modes of bond surface and the shear testing methods. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental values. This can provide a reference for the interface design of UHPC-NC composite specimens.

    • Summary

  • Summary

    Objective 

    At present, a series of interfacial shear performance tests of UHPC-NC composite members conducted by domestic and foreign scholars mainly show the shear failure of ordinary concrete embedded in pits/keyways, which does not give full play to the performance advantages of UHPC, and the improvement potential of UHPC-NC composite specimens in shear performance needs to be explored. Therefore, in order to explore the bonding and sliding properties of the interface between precast ultra-high performance concrete UHPC and ordinary concrete (NC), the double-sided shear test of 12 sets of UHPC-NC composite specimens was completed.

    Methods 

    Based on the ideas of penetration formwork and concrete transfer technology, the structure setting of UHPC shear nails (that is, a layer of pitted lining plate is pre-laid in the mold, and UHPC shear nails are formed after pouring) is proposed to give full play to the high-strength mechanical properties of UHPC and improve the interface bonding performance of UHPC formwork -NC inner core composite specimen. The shear failure of the composite specimen changed from NC to UHPC. The specific approach of this paper is to prepare UHPC templates with different shear nail density and spacing, and then finally form UHPC-NC composite specimens with different parameters for loading test and obtain data. According to the data, different failure patterns, load-strain relationship, load-slip relationship, interfacial shear strength and shear strength of individual shear nails with different density shear nail structures and different distribution spacing were summarized, so as to explore the law between the density and distribution spacing of shear nails and the shear strength of the bonding surface. Finally, by comparing and analyzing the existing UHPC-NC bonding surface shear strength model and the failure mode of the bonding surface, the failure mode parameters of the bonding surface and the shear test coefficient are introduced, and the quantitative relationship between the new parameters and the shear nail density is fitted according to the test results.

    Results 

    It can be clearly observed from the test results that there are three kinds of failure modes: (a) the UHPC-NC bonding surface and the shear failure of UHPC shear nails; (b) Shear failure of UHPC-NC bonding surface and shear and peel failure of UHPC shear nails; (c) Shear failure of UHPC-NC bonding surface and axial compression failure of NC matrix. During the whole loading process, the strain increases linearly with the increase of load. The slippage increases linearly with the increase of load at first, and then nonlinear with the increase of load when cracks appear at the interface. With the same distribution spacing, the ultimate bearing capacity of the specimen increases with the increase of the density of shear nails. When the density of shear nails is the same, the ultimate bearing capacity of specimens increases with the increase of distribution spacing. The interfacial bond shear strength increases with the increase of shear nail density and distribution spacing. With the increase of the density of shear nails, the shear strength of single nail decreases gradually. The UHPC-NC bond shear strength formula established by introducing relevant parameters has good accuracy, and can be used to evaluate the bond surface shear strength of UHPC-NC composite specimen.Conclusion: (1) When the UHPC template is not equipped with shear nails, the UHPC-NC composite specimen has shear failure on the bonding surface, and the cross section is smooth and flat. When the shear nail structure is set in the formwork, there are three kinds of failure modes: (a) the shear failure between the UHPC-NC bonding plane and the UHPC shear nail; (b) Shear failure of UHPC-NC bonding surface and shear and peel failure of UHPC shear nails; (c) Shear failure of UHPC-NC bonding surface and axial compression failure of NC matrix. When the shear nail density ρ<2.133, Class a failure occurs. When 2.133≤ρ<6.4, the specimen changes from class a failure to Class a failure. When ρ≥6.4, the specimen failure changes to class c failure. (2) The shear strength of the prefabricated UHPC-NC bonding surface is 1.67-6.56MPa, and the shear strength of the shear nail is 0.635MPa, which comes from the mechanical bite force and chemical bonding. Reasonable arrangement of shear nails on the UHPC-NC bonding surface can give full play to the contribution of shear nails to the strength of the bonding surface and greatly improve the shear strength of the bonding surface. (3) The density and distribution spacing of UHPC shear nails have a significant effect on the shear strength of UHPC-NC bonding surface, especially the density of shear nails. The greater the density of shear nails (0-9.6 range), the greater the shear strength of UHPC-NC bonding surface. Combined with the overall shear strength, single nail shear strength and interface failure pattern, the recommended value of shear nail density on UHPC template is 4.27~6.4. Under the condition of the same density of shear nails, the shear strength of the specimen with larger spacing of shear nails increases by 19.04% to 41.74% compared with that of the specimen with smaller spacing of shear nails. (4) The existing shear strength model of the UHPC-NC bonding surface and the fracture morphology of the bonding surface were compared and analyzed. The fracture morphology parameters of the bonding surface and the shear test coefficient were introduced, and the calculation formula for the shear strength of the prefabricated UHPC-NC bonding surface was established. The calculated results were in good agreement with the test values, and could provide a reference for the interface design of the UHPC-NC composite specimen.

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