Recent Progress on Flexible Biosensors Based on Nanozymes in Bioanalysis

Nanozymes with high stability, low cost, large surface area for bioconjugation, ease of storage, and multi-functionalities features have helped the performance of additional improvements in flexible sensors. Nanozyme-based wearable sensors have high sensitivity, stability, flexibility, and stretchability, enabling conformal adhesion to the surface of detection and real-time conversion of physiological signals into electrical signals for dynamic monitoring of target molecular signal. At the present stage, nanozyme-based flexible sensors have rapidly advanced in health monitoring and hazardous substance warning, widening the application in diverse fields including food, pesticide and biology analysis. This review summarized recent advances in nanozyme-based wearable sensors for bioanalysis (human health monitoring, food analysis and drug testing), with a focus on their core characteristics, primary classifications, and material selection. Furthermore, it also prospected the future pathways of their integration with nanotechnology and advanced materials, which may provide important references for theoretical breakthroughs and technological implementation within the context of nanozyme-based wearable flexible sensors. On this basis, the limitations of current nanozymes materials in this field were summarized, and the new trend of research was proposed.