Fabrication of MXene-Based wearable sensors and their applications in sports science

Given the increasing demand from athletes and fitness enthusiasts for accurate monitoring of physiological states to optimize training, enhance performance, and reduce the risk of injuries, traditional methods such as surface electromyography (sEMG) and three-dimensional motion capture are limited by discomfort and strict environmental requirements. Recently, flexible sensors made from MXene materials have shown great promise in wearable technology due to their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical flexibility, and conductivity. These sensors can closely adhere to the skin, allowing for real-time monitoring of essential data, including electromyographic signals and physiological parameters during physical activities. This review aims to assess the potential applications of MXene-based flexible sensors in sports science, focusing on their roles in motion capture, physiological monitoring, and other functionalities. It will also analyze the technical challenges and limitations facing these sensors in practical applications. Through a systematic review of the existing literature, this study seeks to guide future research directions and support advancements in the field of sports science.