| Citation: |
LIU Yu, BAO Yunfeng, YUE Zhihao, et al. Preparation and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of Fe2O3@CoFe2O4/MXene composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica.
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With the advent of the 5G era and the widespread use of electronic devices in civilian applications, the development of high-performance electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials in the low-frequency range has become imperative. This study achieves lightweight, high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) in the low-frequency band by combining CoFeO ferrite with MXene, thereby opening up broad application prospects for absorbers in civilian fields.
In this study, CoFeO nanosheets were attached to MXene layers through a hydrothermal method and heat treatment process, using MXene as the matrix. A series of FeO@CoFeO/MXene (FCFM) composites with different MXene contents were prepared. These composites underwent microstructural analysis (XRD, Raman, XPS) and morphological analysis (SEM, TEM). Electromagnetic parameters were obtained through coaxial testing. The EMA performance of the samples was analyzed based on the data obtained from the electromagnetic tests, and the electromagnetic mechanisms were explored.
Microstructural analysis revealed that FeO@CoFeO successfully attached to the surface of MXene. The large sheet structure of MXene provides numerous active sites for the growth of FeO@CoFeO nanosheets, attracting positively charged Co⁺ and Fe⁺ ions to displace and stack on the MXene surface. As the amount of MXene increases, the interfacial contact area between FeO@CoFeO and MXene gradually expands, forming abundant heterogeneous interfaces. These interfaces not only induce interfacial polarization but also increase the transmission paths of electromagnetic waves (EMW), enhancing dielectric loss capability and thereby promoting the dissipation and absorption of more EMW. Additionally, high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) results clearly show lattice spacings of 0.253 nm and 0.34 nm, corresponding to the (311) plane of CoFeO and the (012) plane of FeO Electromagnetic parameter analysis indicates that when the MXene content is only 30 wt%, FCFM-1 achieves a reflection loss of -4.84 dB at a thickness of 5.93 mm. As the MXene content increases, the reflection loss reaches -72.26 dB at 3.60 GHz with 75 wt% MXene content, and even with an ultra-thin thickness of 1.272 mm, the reflection loss still reaches -71.66 dB.Conclusions: The FeO@CoFeO/MXene composites prepared in this study can effectively regulate the EMA performance by altering the content of MXene. The dielectric loss provided by MXene and the magnetic loss provided by FeO@CoFeO confer a synergistic magnetic-dielectric effect to the composite, optimizing the impedance matching characteristics, reducing the reflection of EMW on the surface of the composite, and enhancing the EMW attenuation capability. The FeO@CoFeO magnetic material surpasses the Snoek limit, meeting the requirements for low frequency, thin thickness, and strong absorption capability. This work offers a new approach for preparing other materials in the low-frequency region, and further provides theoretical guidance for solving the electromagnetic pollution problem.
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