| Citation: |
CHEN Xufeng, ZHANG Yu, QIN Yafei, et al. Flexible capacitive pressure sensor based on carbon black-barium titanate/polyurethane[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2024, 41(11): 6055-6064. DOI: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20240205.005
|
With the rapid development and application of smart wearable flexible electronic technology in biomedicine, electronic skin, human-computer interaction and other fields, the research demand of flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity and wide detection range has been put on the agenda. In this paper, a carbon black-barium titanate (CB-BTO)/PU flexible capacitive pressure sensor was prepared by using the polyurethane sponge (PU) as the base and combining CB-BTO/BTO composite material on the polyurethane sponge by ultrasonic dipping coating. After testing, the sensor combines high sensitivity (~
With the rapid development and application of smart wearable flexible electronic technology in biomedicine, electronic skin, human-computer interaction and other fields, flexible capacitive pressure sensor has been widely concerned by researchers because of its advantages of simple structure, stable signal and low power consumption. However, there is a common problem in the research of performance optimization of flexible capacitive pressure sensors, that is, the restrictive relationship between high sensitivity and wide detection range. In this paper, carbon black-Barium titanate (CB-BTO) composite material is combined with polyurethane (PU) sponge by template assembly method, and CB-BTO/PU sponge flexible capacitive pressure sensor is prepared, which has high sensitivity and wide detection range.
The CB-BTO/PU sponge type capacitive flexible pressure sensor was prepared by template assembly. The conductive filler CB (which has good adhesion ability and can improve the change of dielectric constant under pressure) and the piezoelectric filler BTO (which has high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss characteristics) are attached to the sponge skeleton of PU (which has the characteristics of low price, light weight, good elasticity, high porosity and large specific surface area) by ultrasonic dipping coating method. The CB-BTO/PU spongy body with high effective dielectric constant and low dielectric loss was prepared and used as dielectric layer to assemble a capacitive flexible pressure sensor. Firstly, carbon black and barium titanate (CB-BTO) were added to anhydrous ethanol according to a certain mass ratio, and stirred with a magnetic agitator. After stirring, polyurethane (PU) sponge was added to the suspension respectively. Then the ultrasonic dispersion was carried out in the ultrasonic cell crusher, and the local high temperature and ultrasonic waves generated during the ultrasonic process were used to evenly disperse CB-BTO inside the PU sponge. After ultrasound, the PU sponge attached with CB and BTO was put into a constant temperature incubator to dry, and then the dried PU sponge was mechanically compressed to achieve the aging treatment of the sponge and the removal of the nanoparticles with weak adhesion, and the stable structure of CB-BTO/PU sponge three-dimensional composite material was obtained. Finally, copper foil electrodes are attached to both ends of CB-BTO/PU sponge 3D composite material, and the CB-BTO/PU sponge flexible capacitive pressure sensor is packaged with PET film.
According to the morphology and structure characterization analysis of CB-BTO/PU sponge, CB and BTO are evenly distributed on PU sponge: ① Through the sectional SEM image of CB-BTO/PU sponge skeleton, it can be seen that the structure of PU sponge skeleton is obvious and the pores are clear, and with the enlargement of the image, CB and BTO (in granular form, a small amount of agglomeration) can be seen uniformly attached to the PU sponge skeleton. ② By EDS analysis of cross section of CB-BTO/PU sponge skeleton, Ba, Ti and C elements are uniformly distributed in PU sponge, which once again verifies that CB and BTO are uniformly attached to PU sponge skeleton. Thus, the dielectric layer of the sensor integrates the low elastic modulus of PU sponge and the high dielectric constant of CB-BTO, which significantly enhances the capacitance change and makes the sensor have good sensing performance. CB-BTO/PU sponge pressure sensor Under the action of external pressure, the CB-BTO/PU sponge dielectric layer is compressed, the distance between the upper and lower electrodes decreases, and the sponge pores begin to close, the air in the dielectric layer is discharged, and the relative dielectric constant increases, resulting in the capacitance increasing with the increase of pressure. The sensing performance of the sensor was tested by LCR tester and other instruments. It can be seen from the performance analysis of CB-BTO/PU sponge sensor that the mass ratio of =5:100 is the best. The capacitive sensor prepared with this ratio has both high sensitivity and wide detection range. The sensitivity of 0~10 kPa, 10~140 kPa and 140~300 kPa are 0.6311 kpa, 0.7911 kpa and 0.1395 kpa, respectively. The linearity of the three pressure ranges was 5.3%, 1.4% and 0.8%, respectively. At the same time, the sensor also demonstrated a fast response and recovery time (< 0.375 s) and a low detection limit (~0.25 g), as well as a good resolution and a long service life (> 2500 times).Conclusions: The CB-BTO/PU sponge flexible capacitive pressure sensor was tested in four different pressure ranges, which verified that the sensor has both high sensitivity and wide detection range, and has application potential in human-computer interaction, electronic skin, motion monitoring and other fields, and provided the possibility for low-cost and large-scale commercial preparation of flexible pressure sensors.
| [1] |
MOHANKUMAR P, AJAYAN J, MOHANRAJ T, et al. Recent developments in biosensors for healthcare and biomedical applications: A review[J]. Measurement, 2021, 167: 108293. DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108293
|
| [2] |
WANG L R, XU T L, ZHANG X J. Multifunctional conductive hydrogel-based flexible wearable sensors[J]. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2021, 134: 116130. DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116130
|
| [3] |
LI R Q, ZHOU Q, BI Y, et al. Research progress of flexible capacitive pressure sensor for sensitivity enhancement approaches[J]. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2021, 321: 112425. DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2020.112425
|
| [4] |
LIU X H, MIAO J L, FAN Q, et al. Recent progress on smart fiber and textile based wearable strain sensors: Materials, fabrications and applications[J]. Advanced Fiber Materials, 2022, 4(3): 361-389. DOI: 10.1007/s42765-021-00126-3
|
| [5] |
WANG X, LIU X H, SCHUBERT D W. Highly sensitive ultrathin flexible thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon black fibrous film strain sensor with adjustable scaffold networks[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2021, 13(4): 159-177. DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00525-y
|
| [6] |
QIN J, YIN L J, HAO Y N, et al. Flexible and stretchable capacitive sensors with different microstructures[J]. Advanced Materials, 2021, 33(34): 2008267. DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008267
|
| [7] |
YI Z R, LIU Z X, LI W B, et al. Piezoelectric dynamics of arterial pulse for wearable continuous blood pressure monitoring[J]. Advanced Materials, 2022, 34(16): 2110291. DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110291
|
| [8] |
SHI Y, LI H R, FU X P, et al. Self-powered difunctional sensors based on sliding contact-electrification and tribovoltaic effects for pneumatic monitoring and controlling[J]. Nano Energy, 2023, 110: 108339. DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108339
|
| [9] |
ZHANG Y, HOWVER R, GOGOI B, et al. A high-sensitive ultra-thin MEMS capacitive pressure sensor[C]//2011 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. Beijing, China: IEEE, 2011: 112-115.
|
| [10] |
WU Z Y, HUANG T, HOU C, et al. A flexible triaxial force capacitive sensor with microstructure electrode and orthogonal microstructure[C]//2021 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO). Xi'an, China: IEEE, 2021: 319-323.
|
| [11] |
GAO Y H, BI Y Q, LANG J H, et al. Insights into theoretical and practical characteristics of capacitive flexible tactile sensor based on spherical surface plate[J]. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2021, 32(13): 17182-17190.
|
| [12] |
WAN Y B, QIU Z G, HONG Y, et al. A highly sensitive flexible capacitive tactile sensor with sparse and high-aspect-ratio microstructures[J]. Advanced Electronic Materials, 2018, 4(4): 1700586. DOI: 10.1002/aelm.201700586
|
| [13] |
LI J Y, CHEN S B, ZHOU J Y, et al. Flexible BaTiO3-PDMS capacitive pressure sensor of high sensitivity with gradient micro-structure by laser engraving and molding[J]. Polymers, 2023, 15(15): 3292. DOI: 10.3390/polym15153292
|
| [14] |
王振国. 仿人皮肤感受器的柔性多功能传感器3D/4D打印研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2023.
WANG Zhenguo. Research on 3D/4D printing of flexible multi-functional sensor mimicking human skin receptor [D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2023(in Chinese).
|
| [15] |
LI H J, GAO G R, XU Z Y, et al. Recent progress in bionic skin based on conductive polymer gels[J]. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2021, 42(22): 2100480. DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100480
|
| [16] |
ZHANG Z T, LI J S, YU B C, et al. Low-cost, flexible annular interdigital capacitive sensor (Faics) with carbon black-PDMS sensitive layer for proximity and pressure sensing[C]//2022 IEEE 35th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Conference (MEMS). Tokyo: IEEE, 2022: 35-38.
|
| [17] |
GUO Z X, MO L X, DING Y, et al. Printed and flexible capacitive pressure sensor with carbon nanotubes based composite dielectric layer[J]. Micromachines, 2019, 10(11): 715. DOI: 10.3390/mi10110715
|
| [18] |
LI Y, WEI Z Y, HUANG J Q. An LC-type flexible wireless humidity sensor with electrospun isolation layer[C]//2021 IEEE Sensors. Sydney: IEEE, 2021: 1-4.
|
| [19] |
LIU Q X, LIU Z G, LI C G, et al. Highly transparent and flexible iontronic pressure sensors based on an opaque to transparent transition[J]. Advanced Science, 2020, 7(10): 2000348. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000348
|
| [20] |
NIE L F, ZHANG L, DI X P, et al. Assembly of highly-sensitive capacitive flexible pressure sensor based on BTO NWs-TPU porous composites film[J]. Vacuum, 2022, 205: 111423. DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2022.111423
|
| [21] |
WANG J, SUZUKI R, SHAO M, et al. Capacitive pressure sensor with wide-range, bendable, and high sensitivity based on the bionic komochi konbu structure and Cu/Ni nanofiber network[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2019, 11(12): 11928-11935.
|
| [22] |
田玉玉, 何韧, 吴菊英, 等. 电容式柔性压力传感器的性能优化原理及研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2023, 37(16): 13-26.
TIAN Yuyu, HE Ren, WU Juying, et al. Capacitive flexible pressure sensor: Optimization principle and research progress[J]. Materials Reports, 2023, 37(16): 13-26(in Chinese).
|
| [23] |
ZHANG F, JIN T Q, XUE Z G, et al. Recent progress in three-dimensional flexible physical sensors[J]. International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials, 2022, 13(1): 17-41. DOI: 10.1080/19475411.2022.2047827
|
| [24] |
ALI A A, ELTABEY M M, ABDELBARY B M, et al. MWCNTs/carbon nano fibril composite papers for fuel cell and super capacitor applications[J]. Journal of Electrostatics, 2015, 73: 12-18. DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2014.10.012
|
| [25] |
LU D X, LIAO S Q, WEI Q F, et al. Comparative study of different carbon materials for the preparation of knitted fabric sensors[J]. Cellulose, 2022, 29(13): 7431-7444. DOI: 10.1007/s10570-022-04722-3
|
| [26] |
XU Z P, ZHAO S, LYU X R, et al. Highly sensitive and low detection limit flexible pressure sensor based on modified TiO2 cocooned elastic sponge for wearable applications[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2022, 22(23): 22479-22486. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2022.3217086
|
| [27] |
CHEN Y H, LU B W, CHEN Y, et al. Ultra-thin and ultra-flexible temperature/strain sensor with CNT nanostrips[C]//2016 IEEE International Conference on Electron Devices and Solid-State Circuits (EDSSC). Hong Kong: IEEE, 2016: 70-73.
|
| [28] |
CHHETRY A, SHARMA S, YOON H, et al. Enhanced sensitivity of capacitive pressure and strain sensor based on CaCu3Ti4O12 wrapped hybrid sponge for wearable applications[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2020, 30(31): 1910020. DOI: 10.1039/D2MH00281G
|
| [29] |
刘秋雨, 叶秉泽, 王梓菡, 等. 基于电容-电阻转换原理的柔性压力传感器[J]. 测控技术, 2022, 41(6): 10-14, 45. DOI: 10.19708/j.ckjs.2022.06.002
LIU Qiuyu, YE Bingze, WANG Zihan, et al. Flexible pressure sensor based on capacitance-resistance conversion principle[J]. Measurement and Control Technology, 2022, 41(6): 10-14, 45(in Chinese). DOI: 10.19708/j.ckjs.2022.06.002
|
| [30] |
QIU J, GUO X H, CHU R, et al. Rapid-response, low detection limit, and high-sensitivity capacitive flexible tactile sensor based on three-dimensional porous dielectric layer for wearable electronic skin[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2019, 11(43): 40716-40725. DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108535
|
| [31] |
张东光, 王鑫鑫, 杨嘉怡, 等. 液态金属泡沫柔性压力传感器设计及试验[J]. 振动、测试与诊断, 2023, 43(1): 119-125, 201-202. DOI: 10.16450/j.cnki.issn.1004-6801.2023.01.018
ZHANG Dongguang, WANG Xinxin, YANG Jiayi, et al. Design and test of liquid metal foam flexible pressure sensor[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2023, 43(1): 119-125, 201-202(in Chinese). DOI: 10.16450/j.cnki.issn.1004-6801.2023.01.018
|
| [32] |
ZANG Y P, ZHANG F J, DI C A, et al. Advances of flexible pressure sensors toward artificial intelligence and health care applications[J]. Materials Horizons, 2015, 2(2): 140-156. DOI: 10.1039/C4MH00147H
|
| [33] |
DING H J, WU Z X, WANG H, et al. An ultrastretchable, high-performance, and crosstalk-free proximity and pressure bimodal sensor based on ionic hydrogel fibers for human-machine interfaces[J]. Materials Horizons, 2022, 9(7): 1935-1946.
|
| [34] |
YAN T, WU Y T, TANG J, et al. Flexible strain sensors fabricated using aligned carbon nanofiber membranes with cross-stacked structure for extensive applications[J]. International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials, 2022, 13(3): 432-446.
|
| [35] |
HE Q S, ZHONG Q Y, SUN Z, et al. Highly stretchable, repeatable, and easy-to-prepare ionogel based on polyvinyl chloride for wearable strain sensors[J]. Nano Energy, 2023, 113: 108535.
|
| [1] | ZHANG Zhengwei, LI Hui, LI Zelin, SUN Guowei, CUI Hongbo, DENG Yichen. Finite element modeling analysis and verification of fiber-reinforced origami sandwich plates with shear-hardening materials under high velocity impact[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica. |
| [2] | TAN Huancheng, XU Shanying, HUANG Xiong, GUAN Yupu, CHEN Wei. Macro-scale finite element model for impact damage simulation and experimental verification of three-dimensional four-directional braided composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2018, 35(5): 1139-1148. DOI: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20170821.002 |
| [3] | WEN Quan, GUO Dongming, GAO Hang, ZHAO Dong. Comprehensive evaluation method for carbon/epoxy composite hole-making damages[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2016, 33(2): 265-272. DOI: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20151014.001 |
| [4] | LI Jia, SHI Fenghui, LYU Jing, ZHANG Baoyan. Characterization and evaluation of electric-arc-produced graphene material[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2015, 32(6): 1658-1662. DOI: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20150323.001 |
| [5] | LUO Chuyang, WU Cuisheng, WEI Zhongwei, HE Hui, CAI Peipei, ZHAO Rong. Manufacturing and testing verification for high temperature composite rudder[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2014, 31(5): 1312-1320. |
| [6] | JIANG Tian, XU Jifeng, LIU Weiping, YE Jinrui, JIA Lijie, ZHANG Boming. Simulation and verification of cure-induced deformation by stages for integrated composite structure[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2013, 30(5): 61-66. |
| [7] | QING Yan, WU Yiqiang, QIN Zhiyong, YAO Chunhua, WANG Min, LUO Sha. Preparation and performance evaluation of SiO2/poplar wood composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2011, 28(6): 125-130. DOI: CNKI:11-1801/TB.20110720.1425.038 |
| [8] | Evaluation method for technology maturity of composite aircraft structure[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2010, 27(3): 150-154. |
| [9] | GUO Cheng, GUO Shengwu, CHENG Yu, ZHANG Xingong, SHI Dongcai. TENSILE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ITS EVALUATION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY MATRIX GRADIENT COMPOSITESREINFORCED WITH SiC PARTICLES[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2003, 20(4): 23-28. |
| [10] | YAN Ying, LOU Chang, CHENG Chuan-xian, ZHANG Yi-ning, YANG Xu. MICROMECHANICAL ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE PROPERTY OF WOVEN COMPOSITE MATERIALS[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2001, 18(2): 109-113. |
| 1. |
翟兆阳，李欣欣，张延超，刘忠明，杜春华，张华明. 连续光纤激光切割金属薄壁材料工艺研究. 红外与激光工程. 2024(02): 33-43 .
| |
| 2. |
陶洋，李存静，逄增媛，张典堂. 展宽布/网胎针刺C/C复合材料制备及力学性能. 复合材料学报. 2024(04): 1934-1944 .
本站查看
| |
| 3. |
董志刚，王中旺，冉乙川，鲍岩，康仁科. 碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料超声振动辅助铣削加工技术的研究进展. 机械工程学报. 2024(09): 26-56 .
| |
| 4. |
席翔，李海龙，陈友元，裴景奇，廖城坤，薛琳，储洪强，冉千平. 碳纤维增强碳基复合材料的介电性能对应力的自感知. 高分子材料科学与工程. 2024(05): 115-124 .
| |
| 5. |
钱奇伟，张昕，杨贞军，沈镇，校金友. 基于CT图像深度学习的三维编织C/C复合材料微观组分与缺陷智能识别. 复合材料学报. 2024(07): 3536-3543 .
本站查看
| |
| 6. |
翟兆阳，李欣欣，张延超，刘忠明，杜春华，张华明. 基于正交试验的金属薄壁材料激光切割工艺优化. 中国机械工程. 2024(07): 1279-1289 .
| |
| 7. |
何金玲. 纤维复材浆料流变性能分析及矿混匀质量应用研究. 粘接. 2024(09): 87-90 .
| |
| 8. |
姚先龙. 碳基复合材料的应用及相关制备方法. 信息记录材料. 2023(01): 36-38 .
| |
| 9. |
石磊，罗浩，罗瑞盈. 胶层厚度对C/C复合材料剪切粘接性能的影响. 炭素技术. 2023(04): 22-26 .
| |
| 10. |
刘科众，陈舟，王泽鹏，韩保恒. C/C复合材料增密过程孔隙结构及演化研究. 机械设计与制造工程. 2022(10): 33-36 .
|
Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co., Ltd. 
DownLoad: