Rubber powder compatibility with different source matrix asphalts was studied based on the rheological theory.Using dynamic shear rheometer, the different matrix asphalts and rubber asphalts were tested by conventional dynamic shear rheological test, such as strain scanning, temperature scanning and frequency scanning.The viscoelastic properties of rubber asphalt were evaluated from the factors such as the phase angle, composite modulus and rutting factors, and the influence of the four components on the rubber asphalt viscoelastic properties was qualitative.Based on the indices such as the residual deformation, elastic energy-storage, elastic ratio and composite elastic modulus, the effects of modifying agent on the modification and viscoelastic properties of rubber asphalt were analyzed using the hysteresis loop back test specimen.The correlation was obtained by using grey correlation mathematical analysis method.The results show that rheological theory is an effective method for studying the compatibility of rubber powder and substrate asphalt.The influence of the four components of asphalt on the viscoelastic properties of rubber asphalt was evaluated from the energy angle, and the effect of asphalt on the residual strain of rubber asphalt is significant; The colloidal components can influence the elastic storage energy and dissipation of rubber asphalt, and the fragrances have the least impact; The asphaltenes have the greatest influence on the rubber asphalt elastic ratio parameters; The aromatic content increases the composite modulus of rubber asphalt.