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多孔木炭/Fe3O4复合吸波材料的制备与性能

杨喜 曹敏 简煜 庞晓娜 李贤军

杨喜, 曹敏, 简煜, 等. 多孔木炭/Fe3O4复合吸波材料的制备与性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022, 39(10): 4590-4601. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211105.001
引用本文: 杨喜, 曹敏, 简煜, 等. 多孔木炭/Fe3O4复合吸波材料的制备与性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022, 39(10): 4590-4601. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211105.001
YANG Xi, CAO Min, JIAN Yu, et al. Preparation and microwave absorption properties of porous charcoal/ Fe3O4 composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022, 39(10): 4590-4601. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211105.001
Citation: YANG Xi, CAO Min, JIAN Yu, et al. Preparation and microwave absorption properties of porous charcoal/ Fe3O4 composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022, 39(10): 4590-4601. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211105.001

多孔木炭/Fe3O4复合吸波材料的制备与性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211105.001
基金项目: 中南林科大人才启动基金(2018YJ033);湖南省教育厅科研项目(18B173)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    李贤军,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为木竹材功能改良、木竹生物质复合材料  E-mail: lxjmu@csuft.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TB332;S785

Preparation and microwave absorption properties of porous charcoal/ Fe3O4 composites

  • 摘要: 为了改善Fe3O4吸波材料密度大和吸波频带窄等问题,以马尾松木材为原料,采用去木质素及高温原位生长法制备了多孔木炭(WPC)/Fe3O4复合材料,通过变化碳化温度来调控复合材料的电磁特性与微波吸收性能。微观形貌、结构和电磁参数等结果表明:WPC/Fe3O4复合材料保有木材天然的三维孔结构,Fe3O4粒子均匀负载于多孔木炭的炭壁与孔道中;升高碳化温度(630~690℃)可增强材料的电导率与电磁衰减能力,但温度过高会引起材料阻抗失配。670℃制备的复合材料微波衰减能力强且阻抗匹配特性好,最小反射损耗为−49.5 dB,有效吸收频宽为6.24 GHz(9.04~15.28 GHz),主要衰减机制归结于复合材料的电导损耗、极化弛豫及介电与磁损耗的协同作用。WPC/Fe3O4复合材料优异的吸波性能在电磁波吸收领域具有良好前景,可促进速生木材的高值化与功能化应用。

     

  • 图  1  多孔木炭(WPC)/Fe3O4复合材料制备示意图

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of the preparation of wood-based porous charcoal (WPC)/Fe3O4 composites

    图  2  (a) WPC/Fe3O4复合材料的XRD图谱;(b) WPC/Fe3O4-石蜡复合材料的电导率;(c) WPC670/Fe3O4的热重曲线

    Figure  2.  (a) XRD patterns of WPC/Fe3O4 composites; (b) Electric conductivity of WPC/Fe3O4-paraffin composites; (c) TG curve of WPC670/Fe3O4 composite

    图  3  WPC670/Fe3O4的XPS图谱

    Figure  3.  XPS patterns of WPC670/Fe3O4 composite

    图  4  WPC670/Fe3O4的SEM图像 ((a)~(c)) 与EDS图谱 ((d)~(f))

    Figure  4.  SEM images ((a)-(c)) and EDS spectra ((d)-(f)) of WPC670/Fe3O4 composite

    图  5  WPCx/Fe3O4复合材料的电磁参数:复介电常数实部 (a)、虚部 (b) 和介电损耗正切值 (e);复磁导率实部 (c)、虚部 (d) 和磁损耗正切值 (f)

    Figure  5.  Electromagnetic parameters of WPCx/Fe3O4 composites: Real part (a), imaginary part (b) and tangent (e) of complex permittivity; Real part (c), imaginary part (d) and tangent (f) of permeability

    图  6  WPCx/Fe3O4的反射损耗曲线与三维模拟图

    Figure  6.  Reflection loss curves and 3D diagram of WPCx/Fe3O4 composites

    RL—Reflection loss value; EAB—Effective absorption

    图  7  WPCx/Fe3O4复合材料的阻抗匹配 (a) 与衰减常数 (b)

    Figure  7.  Impedance matching characteristics (a) and attenuation constant (b) of WPCx/Fe3O4 composites

    Z—Impedance matching; Zin—Input impedance of absorber; Z0—Free space impedance

    图  8  WPC670/Fe3O4 (a)与WPC670 (b)的Cole-Cole曲线

    Figure  8.  Cole-Cole curves of WPC670/Fe3O4 (a) and WPC670 (b)

    图  9  (a) WPCx/Fe3O4C0值;(b) WPC670/Fe3O4的1/4波长模型

    Figure  9.  (a) C0 of WPCx/Fe3O4; (b) Model of 1/4 wavelength of WPC670/Fe3O4

    表  1  碳基吸波材料的性能对比

    Table  1.   Comparison of microwave absorption properties of carbon-based materials

    SampleFiller content/wt%RL
    /dB
    Thickness
    /mm
    Effective absorption bandwidth/GHzRef.
    PC70−42.421.76[30]
    PFSL50−43.835.3[20]
    RHPC/Fe25−21.81.45.6[31]
    Fe3O4/rGO50−453[32]
    HPC/Co30−52.62.82.5[24]
    Co/C fiber33−3123.2[33]
    Ni(OH)2/BPC50−23.662[34]
    Fe3O4/WPC50−51.325.8[35]
    HCF@CZ-CNTs10−53.52.92.64[36]
    WPC670/Fe3O415−49.53.206.24 (9.04-15.28)This work
    Notes: PC—Porous carbon; PFLS—Pyrolytic functionalized loofah sponge; RHPC—Rice husk-based porous carbon; rGO—Reduced graphene oxide; HPC—Hierarchical porous carbon; C fiber—Carbon fiber; BPC—Biomass porous carbon; HCF@CZ-CNTs—Hierarchical carbon fiber coated with Co/C nano-dodecahedron particles where CNTs were anchored.
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-08-24
  • 修回日期:  2021-09-30
  • 录用日期:  2021-10-28
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-11-08
  • 刊出日期:  2022-08-22

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