WO<sub>3</sub>@PANI复合纳米纤维的制备及其室温下对三乙胺的传感性能

赵庆璐; 赵伟光; 闫爽

WO₃@PANI复合纳米纤维的制备及其室温下对三乙胺的传感性能

大连工业大学　纺织与材料工程学院, 大连 116034

基金项目: 辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(No. LJKMZ20220900)

详细信息

通讯作者:
闫爽，博士，讲师，硕士生导师，研究方向为气体传感材料　E-mail: yanye150@outlook.com

中图分类号: TQ340.64;TP212
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-19
- 修回日期: 2023-01-14
- 录用日期: 2023-01-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-22

Preparation of WO₃@PANI composite nanofibers and their sensing properties towards triethylamine at room temperature

School of Textile and Materials Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China

Funds: Basic Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education (No. LJKMZ20220900)

摘要

摘要: 三乙胺作为一种具有强烈刺激性气味的有机挥发性气体，广泛应用于工业生产并存在于日常生活中，开发能够有效且快速检测三乙胺的气体传感材料具有很大的实际应用价值。WO₃对于三乙胺具有优异的敏感特性，但是由于其工作温度高、耗能高以及敏感特性易受环境湿度影响等原因，限制了它在气体传感材料方面的应用。本文采用导电高分子聚合物PANI对WO₃进行功能化修饰，通过有机-无机杂化的方式制备具有优异三乙胺敏感性能的复合材料。采用静电纺丝技术、高温热处理以及原位化学氧化聚合相结合的方法，成功合成了组分含量可控的复合纤维材料，其中PANI均匀分布在WO₃纳米纤维表面，形成WO₃@PANI核壳结构。WO₃@PANI复合纳米纤维在室温工作条件下对三乙胺表现出良好的传感性能，对体积分数为100×10^-6的三乙胺的响应为3.12。实现了优异的三乙胺选择性、高湿度检测(在环境湿度为70% RH时，相比于最高响应值仅下降2.07%)、高浓度检测范围(50–5000 μg/g三乙胺)以及良好的响应恢复特性。1室温条件下WO₃@PANI复合纳米纤维对三乙胺的气体传感特性：(a)对不同测试气体的响应灵敏度(气体浓度：100 μg/g)，(b)对不同浓度三乙胺气体的响应灵敏度，(c)对三乙胺气体的响应恢复曲线，(d)在不同湿度下对三乙胺气体的响应灵敏度(气体浓度：100 μg/g)
- 静电纺丝 /
- 三氧化钨 /
- 聚苯胺 /
- 三乙胺 /
- 室温气敏性能
Abstract: With the increasing development of industrial production, the demand for gas sensors is growing. Given that triethylamine is easily harmful to the human body, it is important to develop a gas sensor that can effectively detect triethylamine. Considering the shortcomings of common gas sensors with high working temperature and high energy consumption, a gas sensing material that can quickly detect triethylamine at room temperature was proposed in this paper. Through the combination of electrospinning, heat treatment and in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization, the inorganic-organic composite, WO₃@ Polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers, was successfully synthesized with controllable component content. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the morphology, element content and functional groups of the as-prepared samples. The composite demonstrates fibrous morphology with PANI uniformly distributed on the surface of WO₃ nanofibers, forming WO₃@PANI core-shell structure. The WO₃@PANI composite nanofibers show good sensing performance to triethylamine at room temperature. In addition, excellent sensing properties are also achieved, such as excellent triethylamine selectivity, stable response under high humidity condition, wide concentration detection range (50–5000 μg/g triethylamine) and good response-recovery characteristics. Compared with sensing performance of pristine PANI and WO₃ nanofibers, the enhanced sensing response of WO₃@PANI composite nanofibers is mainly attributed to the p-n heterojunction formed between WO₃ and PANI.
- Electrospinning /
- tungsten trioxide /
- polyaniline /
- triethylamine /
- gas sensitivity at room temperature

HTML全文

图 1 WO₃@聚苯胺(PANI)制备流程示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the WO₃@ Polyaniline (PANI) preparation flow

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图 2 (a)静电纺丝后前驱体纳米纤维；500℃(b)、600℃(c)、700℃(d)煅烧后的WO₃纳米纤维；PANI(e)、WO₃@PANI(f)复合纳米纤维的SEM图像；(g)WO₃纳米纤维；(h) WO₃@PANI复合纳米纤维的EDS图谱

Figure 2. SEM images of electrospinning post-precursor nanofibers (a), 500℃(b), 600℃(c), 700℃(d) calcined WO₃ nanofibers; PANI (e), WO₃@PANI (f) composite nanofibers; EDS map of WO₃ nanofibers (g), WO₃@PANI (h) composite nanofibers

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图 3 PANI (a), WO₃纳米纤维(b)和WO₃@PANI (c)复合纳米维的FTIR图

Figure 3. FTIR plots of the PANI (a), WO₃ nanofibers (b), and WO₃@PANI (c) composite nanofibers

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图 4 WO₃纳米纤维(a)和WO₃@PANI(b)复合纳米纤维的XRD图谱

Figure 4. XRD patterns of the WO₃ (a) nanofibers and WO₃@PANI(b) composite nanofibers

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图 5 室温条件下不同掺杂量WO₃@PANI复合纳米纤维(a)初始电阻值(R_a)，(b)对三乙胺的响应灵敏度(气体浓度：100 μg/g)

Figure 5. WO₃@PANI composite nanofiber (a) initial resistance value (Ra), (b) response sensitivity to triethylamine (gas concentration: 100 μg/g)

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图 6 室温条件下WO₃@PANI-4复合纳米纤维对三乙胺的气体传感特性：(a)对不同测试气体的响应灵敏度(气体浓度：100 μg/g)，(b)对不同浓度三乙胺气体的响应灵敏度，(c)对三乙胺气体的响应恢复曲线，(d)在不同湿度下对三乙胺气体的响应灵敏度(气体浓度：100 μg/g)

Figure 6. Gas sensing properties of WO₃@PANI-4 composite nanofibers to triethylamine at room temperature: (a) response sensitivity to different test gases (gas concentration: 100 μg/g), (b) response sensitivity to different concentrations of triethylamine gas, (c) response recovery curve to triethylamine gas, and (d) response sensitivity to triethylamine gas at different humidity

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图 7 室温条件下WO₃@PANI-4复合纳米纤维对三乙胺的(a)重复性传感测试和(b)长期稳定性传感测试(气体浓度：100 μg/g)

Figure 7. At room temperature WO₃@PANI-4 (a) Repeatability sensing test and (b) long-term stability sensing test of composite nanofibers on triethylamine (gas concentration: 100 μg/g)

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图 8 WO₃@PANI异质结的能带结构示意图

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of the band structure of the WO₃@PANI heterojunction

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