不同应用场景下超高分子量聚乙烯/弹性体复合材料力学性能劣化规律

陈谦; 王朝辉; 张文武; 李彦伟; 王珊珊

不同应用场景下超高分子量聚乙烯/弹性体复合材料力学性能劣化规律

1.
长安大学　公路学院, 西安 710064
2.
山东高速集团有限公司, 济南 250098
3.
太行城乡建设集团有限公司, 石家庄 050090

基金项目: 陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2022 TD-07)；山东高速集团养护科技项目(QLTD-2019-A-FW-0059)；太行城乡建设集团有限公司科技项目

详细信息

通讯作者:
王朝辉，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为功能性道路材料　E-mail: wchh0205@chd.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
计量
- 文章访问数: 122
- HTML全文浏览量: 88
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-15
- 修回日期: 2022-12-21
- 录用日期: 2022-12-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-17

Degradation law of mechanical properties for ultra high molecular weight polyethylene/elastomer composites at different application environments

1.
School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
2.
Shandong Hi-Speed Group Co., Ltd, Jinan 250101, China
3.
Taihang Urban and Rural Construction Group Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang 050090, China

摘要

摘要: 现阶段，关于弹性体材料的研究主要集中在其制备工艺、改性方法与性能提升方面，而关于其在湿热老化、低温脆化、气候老化等不同应用场景下的长期力学性能的研究涉及较少。因此，若能揭示弹性体材料在不同服役环境下力学性能的发展过程及规律，将进一步促进其在工程领域的推广与应用。本文制备了超高分子量聚乙烯/弹性体复合材料，全面研究了湿热老化、低温脆化与气候老化等不同场景下弹性体及其复合材料的拉伸、撕裂、冲击、缓冲等力学性能的劣化过程及衰变规律，对比评价了不同回复温度、变形方式下复合材料的形状自动回复能力及损伤状况，最终探明了弹性体复合材料的耐久性及环境适应性，从而为其全生命周期性能演化及工作机制研究提供数据支持。所制得的弹性体复合材料在不同应用环境连续暴露7 d或81 h(等同于气候老化3个月)后的力学性能保持率均大于90%；湿热、寒冷、气候老化等环境暴露30 d后，复合材料力学性能衰减15%~20%；复合材料具有优异热稳定性与形状自动回复能力，拉伸、弯曲和扭转等不同变形方式下的回复率达90%以上。S1湿热环境下UHMWPE/EL力学性能Mechanical properties of UHMWPE/EL at hygrothermal environment
- 复合材料 /
- 弹性体 /
- 力学性能 /
- 劣化规律 /
- 形状记忆 /
- 超高分子量聚乙烯
Abstract: The purpose is to reveal the deterioration law of mechanical properties for elastomer composites at different service environments and promote their popularization and application in the field of solvent-free coatings. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene/elastomer (UHMWPE/EL) composites were prepared. Application environments such as hydrothermal aging, low-temperature embrittlement and climate aging were simulated, and the evolution process and laws of various mechanical properties for elastomer and its composites at different environments were studied. The damage status of shape auto restore ability for composites at different deformations and temperatures was evaluated. Finally, the durability and environmental adaptability of composites were proved. The results show that after continuous exposure for 7 days or 81 hours at different application environments, the retention rates of mechanical properties for UHMWPE/EL composites are more than 90%, which meet the requirements of specifications. And the mechanical properties of composites decrease 15%−20% after being exposed to hygrothermal environment, cold environment and weathering environment for 30 days. The composites have obvious thermal stability and automatic shape recovery ability, and the recovery rates at different deformation modes of tension, bending and torsion are over 90%.
- composites /
- elastomer /
- mechanical properties /
- deterioration law /
- shape memory /
- ultra high molecular weight polyethylene

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图 1 湿热环境下UHMWPE/EL力学性能变化状况

Figure 1. Change of mechanical properties for UHMWPE/EL at hygrothermal environment

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图 2 湿热环境下UHMWPE/EL力学性能保持率

Figure 2. Mechanical property retention of UHMWPE/EL at hygrothermal environment

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图 3 湿热环境下UHMWPE/EL缓力功效状况

Figure 3. Cushion property change of UHMWPE/EL at hygrothermal environment

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图 4 寒冷环境下UHMWPE/EL力学性能变化状况

Figure 4. Change of mechanical properties for UHMWPE/EL at cold environment

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图 5 低温环境下UHMWPE/EL力学性能保持率

Figure 5. Mechanical property retention of UHMWPE/EL at cold environment

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图 6 低温环境下UHMWPE/EL缓力功效状况

Figure 6. Cushion property change of UHMWPE/EL at cold environment

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图 7 气候老化环境下UHMWPE/EL力学性能变化状况

Figure 7. Change of mechanical properties for UHMWPE/EL at weathering environment

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图 8 气候老化环境下UHMWPE/EL力学性能保持率

Figure 8. Mechanical property retention of UHMWPE/EL at weathering environment

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图 9 气候老化环境下UHMWPE/EL缓力功效状况

Figure 9. Cushion property change of UHMWPE/EL at weathering environment

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图 10 UHMWPE/EL的TG-DSC曲线

Figure 10. TG-DSC curve of UHMWPE/EL

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图 11 UHMWPE/EL形状记忆试验过程

Figure 11. Process of shape memory test for UHMWPE/EL

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图 12 拉伸变形下的UHMWPE/EL试件长度及回复比例

Figure 12. Length and recovery rate of UHMWPE/EL test piece under tension deformation

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图 13 弯曲变形下的UHMWPE/EL试件弯曲角度及回复比例

Figure 13. Bending angle and recovery rate of UHMWPE/EL test piece under bending deformation

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图 14 扭转变形下的UHMWPE/EL试件扭转角度及回复比例

Figure 14. Torsion angle and recovery rate of UHMWPE/EL test piece under torsion deformation

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表 1 弹性体(EL)技术参数

Table 1. Technical parameters of elastomer (EL)

Project	Technical parameter
Solid content/%	100
Density/(g∙cm⁻³)	1.02
Gel time/s	15−20
Surface drying time/s	30−35
Low temperature bending property/℃	−35
Impact resistance/(kg∙m)	1.0
Water permeability(0.4 MPa，2 h)	Impervious
Hardness(Shore A)	85~90
Wear resistance(750 g/500 r)/mg	5.0

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表 2 UHMWPE微粉技术参数

Table 2. Technical parameters of UHMWPE micropowder

Density/ (g∙cm⁻³)	Granularity/µm	Melting point/℃	Molecular weight	Heat distortion temperature/℃
0.920−0.964	125	130−136	2~3×10⁶	80

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表 3 人工气候老化与自然老化对照

Table 3. Matching relation between artificial weathering and natural aging

Natural aging time/month	Solar radiant energy/(MJ·m⁻²)	Natural rainfall/mm	Artificial aging time/h	Radiant energy of Xenon lamp/(MJ·m⁻²)	Spraying water volume/mm
0.037	4.32	1.85	1	4.32	1.85
1	116.67	50	27	116.64	49.95
3	350	150	81	349.92	149.85
6	700	300	162	699.84	299.7
12	1400	600	324	1399.68	599.4

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表 4 UHMWPE/EL热失重对应温度

Table 4. Corresponding temperature of thermal weight loss of UHMWPE/EL

Thermal weightlessness	Weightlessness 2%	Weightlessness 5%	Weightlessness 25%	Maximum weight loss rate	Weightlessness 93%
Temperature/℃	155	260	337	405	500

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