Rheological properties and mechanism of fumed SiO2 modified asphalt
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摘要: 纳米SiO2 (NS)可有效改善沥青的力学性能但价格高昂,气相SiO2 (FS)同样为纳米级材料且价格仅为NS的1/10。为评估FS代替NS的可行性,通过多重应力蠕变回复试验(MSCR)、线性振幅扫描试验(LAS)和弯曲梁流变试验(BBR)对比了普通SiO2 (OS)、FS、疏水纳米SiO2 (MNS)分别在掺量为3wt%时对基质沥青(Esso,ES)流变性能的影响。结果表明:FS对沥青高温抗车辙性能和中温抗疲劳性能的改善是三者中最好的,对低温抗裂性能的损害是最弱的。此外,借助SEM、变温红外光谱(VT-IR)、温度扫描(TeS)、TGA和DSC分析FS对沥青的改性机制,推断出FS特有的初级支化结构及其形成的“沥青-水团簇”体系是提升沥青性能的关键。因此,FS是一种性价比高的纳米级沥青改性材料。
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关键词:
- 气相SiO2 (FS) /
- 水团簇 /
- 表面改性 /
- 流变 /
- 变温红外光谱
Abstract: Nano-silica (NS) modified asphalt is satisfactory in mechanical properties but is expensive. Fumed-silica (FS) is also a nanoscale material and the price is only 1/10 of NS. To evaluate the feasibility of FS replacing NS, using 3wt% original silica (OS), FS, hydrophobic nano silica (MNS) as modifier, the rheological properties of corresponding modified asphalt were studied compared with matrix asphalt (Esso, ES) by the multi-stress creep recovery test (MSCR), linear amplitude scanning test (LAS) and bent beam rheological test (BBR). The results show that the optimal modifier FS has the best effect on the rutting resistance at high temperature and the fatigue resistance at intermediate temperature for asphalt, and the least negative effect on the low temperature performance. The mechanism for these results was explored by SEM, temperature scanning test (TeS), variable temperature infrared spectroscopy (VT-IR), TGA and DSC. The intrinsic primary aggregates of FS and unique ES-hydroclusters system played a key role in the performance of FS-asphalt composite. Therefore, fumed SiO2 is a cost-effective nano-scale material used to modify asphalt. -
图 2 基质沥青(ES)、普通SiO2改性沥青(OS-ES)、气相SiO2改性沥青(FS-ES)和疏水纳米SiO2改性沥青(MNS-ES)在不同温度(64℃、70℃、76℃)和应力(0.1 kPa、3.2 kPa)下的累计应变曲线:(a) 0.1 kPa;(b) 3.2 kPa
Figure 2. Cumulative strain of matrix asphalt ESSO 70 (ES), ordinary SiO2 modified asphalt (OS-ES), fumed SiO2 modified asphalt (FS-ES) and hydrophobic nano SiO2 modified asphalt (MNS-ES) at different temperatures (64℃, 70℃, 76℃) and stresses (0.1 kPa, 3.2 kPa): (a) 0.1 kPa; (b) 3.2 kPa
表 1 ESSO 70号沥青的基本信息
Table 1. Basic information of ESSO 70# asphalt
Performance
gradePenetration index
(25℃, 0.1 mm)Ductility
(10℃, cm)Softening point
/℃58-16 68 44 47.2 表 2 4种沥青热损失相关参数
Table 2. Results of thermogravimetric losing for the four bitumen
Sample Mass losing extrapolated onset To/℃ Mass losing fastest
Tf/℃Mass losing extrapolated end Te/℃ Loss on ignition LOI/% ES 307 355 384 85.16 OS-ES 282 400 434 75.72 FS-ES 327 375 428 78.11 MNS-ES 371 411 437 78.85 Sample Melting extrapolated
onset Teim/℃Melting extrapolated
end Tefm/℃Melting enthalpy
ΔHm, fus/(J·g–1)Temperatures and enthalpies
related to a meltingES 10.9 91.01 −6.41 OS-ES 10.2 89.22 −7.92 FS-ES 15.2 91.00 −6.83 MNS-ES 15.1 89.24 −6.85 Sample Extrapolated onset
temperature Tf/℃Midpoint temperature Tg/℃ Extrapolated end
temperature Te/℃Temperatures related to a
glass transitionES −31.6 −20.9 −7.4 OS-ES −27.9 −15.6 −5.7 FS-ES −30.0 −20.1 −7.6 MNS-ES −22.6 −17.2 −6.6 -
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