菠萝蜜种子淀粉可生物降解复合膜的制备及性能

王向兵; 李小侠; 冯航航; 彭辉; 马国富

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210909.005

菠萝蜜种子淀粉可生物降解复合膜的制备及性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210909.005

西北师范大学　化学化工学院生态功能高分子材料教育部重点实验室，甘肃省高分子材料重点实验室，兰州 730070

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(21703173；42167068)；甘肃省杰出青年基金项目(20JR5RA539)

详细信息

通讯作者:
马国富，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为生态功能高分子材料　E-mail: magf@nwnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-28
- 修回日期: 2021-08-01
- 录用日期: 2021-08-30
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-09
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-01

Preparation and properties of jackfruit seeds starch biodegradable composite film

Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China

摘要

摘要: 针对传统塑料制品难降解、污染环境等问题，选用环境友好、可降解菠萝蜜种子淀粉(JFss)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)和海藻酸钠(SA)为原料，采用涂膜工艺制备了一种可生物降解复合膜。研究JFss的用量对复合膜力学性能、耐水性、水溶性、透湿性的影响及复合膜润湿性随着时间变化规律，并对复合膜进行土埋降解性测试。采用SEM、FITR、XRD和TGA对复合膜形貌、结构和热稳定性表征。结果表明，JFss的添加使复合膜拉伸强度提高35.8%，耐水性提高4.16%，水溶性提高7.8%，水蒸汽阻隔性提高153.7%，且具有良好的润湿性、保湿性和生物降解性。另外，复合膜中CMC、SA、JFss各组分形成分子间氢键，具有良好的相容性和热稳定性。本方法复合膜制备的原料廉价、制备简单，可大规模生产，在生物降解材料领域具有潜在的应用价值。
- 菠萝蜜种子淀粉 /
- 羧甲基纤维素钠 /
- 海藻酸钠 /
- 可生物降解复合膜 /
- 相容性
Abstract: Aiming at the problems of traditional plastic products which are difficult to degrade and pollute the environment, this work selects environmentally friendly and degradable Jackfruit seeds starch (JFss), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and sodium alginate (SA) as raw materials and prepares a biodegradable composite film by a coating process. The effects of the amount of JFss on the mechanical properties, water resistance, water solubility and moisture permeability of the composite membrane were investigated, as well as the changes of the wettability of the composite membrane with time, and the composite membrane was tested for soil burial degradability. SEM, FITR, XRD and TGA were used to characterize the morphology, structure and thermal stability of the composite films. The results show that the addition of JFss increases the tensile strength of the composite film by 35.8%, water resistance by 4.16%, water solubility by 7.8%, water vapor barrier by 153.7%, and has good wettability, moisture retention and biodegradability. In addition, each component of CMC, SA and JFss in the composite film forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which have good compatibility and thermal stability. The raw materials for the preparation of composite film by this method are inexpensive, simple to prepare, and can be produced on a large scale, which have potential applications in the field of biodegradable materials.
- jackfruit seed starch /
- carboxylmethyl cellulose /
- sodium alginate /
- biodegradable composite membrane /
- compatibility

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图 1 JFss-CMC-SA复合膜制备过程示意图

Figure 1. Schematic representation of the fabrication ofJFss-CMC-SA composite film

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图 2 CMC-SA (a) 和JFss-CMC-SA (b) 复合膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率

Figure 2. Tensile strength and elongation at break of CMC-SA (a) and JFss-CMC-SA (b) composite films

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图 3 CMC-SA (a) 和JFss-CMC-SA (b) 复合膜吸水、保水性

Figure 3. Moisture adsorption and moisture retention of CMC-SA (a) and JFss-CMC-SA (b) composite films

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图 4 CMC-SA (a) 和JFss-CMC-SA (b) 复合膜的水溶性

Figure 4. Water solubility of CMC-SA (a) and JFss-CMC-SA (b) composite films

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图 5 CMC-SA (a) 和JFss-CMC-SA (b) 复合膜透湿性

Figure 5. Water vapour transmission of CMC-SA (a) and JFss-CMC-SA (b) composite membranes

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图 6 1.5%JFss-CMC-SA复合膜在不同时间的接触角

Figure 6. Contact angles of 1.5%JFss-CMC-SA composite films at different time

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图 7 CMC-SA ((a)~(c)) 和1.5%JFss-CMC-SA ((a')~(c')) 复合膜分别在0天、40天、80天的SEM图像

Figure 7. SEM images of CMC-SA ((a)-(c)) and 1.5%JFss-CMC-SA ((a')-(c')) composite films at 0, 40 and 80 days

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图 8 CMC-SA和不同JFss-CMC-SA复合膜的降解率

Figure 8. Biodegradation rates of CMC-SA and differentJFss-CMC-SA composite films

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图 9 JFss、CMC-SA和1.5%JFss-CMC-SA复合膜的FTIR图谱

Figure 9. FTIR spectra of JFss, CMC-SA and 1.5%JFss-CMC-SA composite films

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图 10 JFss (a)、CMC-SA (b)、0.5%JFss-CMC-SA (c)、1.5%JFss-CMC-SA (d) 和2.5%JFss-CMC-SA (e) 复合膜的SEM图像

Figure 10. SEM images of JFss (a) and CMC-SA (b), 0.5%JFss-CMC-SA (c), 1.5%JFss-CMC-SA (d) and 2.5%JFss-CMC-SA (e) composite films

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图 11 JFss (a) 和CMC-SA、1.5%JFss-CMC-SA (b)复合膜的XRD图谱

Figure 11. XRD spectra of JFss (a) and CMC-SA, 1.5%JFss-CMC-SA (b) composite films

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图 12 CMC-SA和1.5%JFss-CMC-SA复合膜的TGA曲线

Figure 12. TGA curves of CMC-SA and 1.5%JFss-CMC-SA composite films

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表 1 羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)-海藻酸钠(SA)复合膜各组分配比

Table 1. Proportions of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-sodium alginate (SA) composite films

Number	CMC/ g	SA/ g	DW/ mL	GLY/ mL	CMC∶SA (Mass ratio)
1	0.24	0.96	40	0.6	1∶4
2	0.3	0.9	40	0.6	1∶3
3	0.4	0.8	40	0.6	1∶2
4	0.6	0.6	40	0.6	1∶1
5	0.8	0.4	40	0.6	2∶1
6	0.9	0.3	40	0.6	3∶1
7	0.96	0.24	40	0.6	4∶1
Notes: DW—Deionized water; GLY—Glycerin.

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表 2 菠萝蜜种子淀粉(JFss)-CMC-SA复合膜各组分配比

Table 2. Proportions of jackfruit seed starch (JFss)-CMC-SA composite films

Sample	JFss/g	CMC/g	SA/g
0.5%JFss-CMC-SA	0.006	0.6	0.6
1.0%JFss-CMC-SA	0.012	0.6	0.6
1.5%JFss-CMC-SA	0.018	0.6	0.6
2.0%JFss-CMC-SA	0.024	0.6	0.6
2.5%JFss-CMC-SA	0.03	0.6	0.6

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