基于聚醚砜/氰酸酯半互穿树脂体系的碳纤维复合材料性能研究

许培俊; 吴帆; 朱真; 侯静

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210819.003

基于聚醚砜/氰酸酯半互穿树脂体系的碳纤维复合材料性能研究

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210819.003

许培俊^{1, 2, ,},
吴帆^1,,
朱真¹,
侯静¹

1.
长安大学　材料科学与工程学院，西安 710064
2.
长安大学　交通铺面材料教育部工程研究中心，西安 710064

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(51978072)；中国博士后基金(2018M643552)；长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(300102319207)

详细信息

通讯作者:
许培俊，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为聚合物基复合材料　 E-mail：xupeijun@chd.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-02
- 修回日期: 2021-07-07
- 录用日期: 2021-07-30
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-20
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-01

Research on carbon fiber composite properties based on (polyether sulfone)/ cyanate ester semi-interpenetrating resin system

XU Peijun^{1, 2
, ,},
WU Fan^1
,,
ZHU Zhen¹,
HOU Jing¹

1.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
2.
Engineering Research Center for Transportation Paving Materials, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi’an 710064, China

摘要

摘要: 氰酸酯(CE)树脂因具有高玻璃化转变温度、低固化收缩率和优异介电性能，常被作为耐高温或吸波纤维复合材料基体应用于航空航天领域。但由于CE树脂与碳纤维(CF)浸渍黏附性较差、固化温度高、固化物脆性较大，其复合材料制备工艺性较差且固化后易产生分层损伤，严重影响其产品质量及实际应用。本文利用聚醚砜(PES)对CE树脂进行改性，制备出浸润性良好的预浸料以适应各类干法成型复合材料制备工艺。结果表明，PES的引入能够显著提高CF/CE树脂基复合材料的力学性能和热稳定性。与CF/CE单向板相比，7.5wt%PES-CF/CE单向板的弯曲强度提高17%，层间剪切强度提高31%，冲击韧性提高39%，并且纵向热膨胀性系数从−2.07×10⁻⁸ K⁻¹降低到−10.7×10⁻⁸ K⁻¹，横向热膨胀系数降低20%，改性效果显著。
- 聚醚砜 /
- 氰酸酯树脂 /
- 碳纤维复合材料 /
- 力学性能 /
- 热膨胀性能
Abstract: Cyanate ester (CE) resin, which has high glass transition temperature, low curing shrinkage and excellent dielectric properties, is commonly used as the material of high temperature resistant or microwave absorption in the aerospace field. However, after high temperature curing, the poor immigration adhesion between CE resin and carbon fiber (CF) would result in brittleness of its composite product. In addition, the preparation process of composites is complex, resulting in delamination damage. Therefore, the product quality and practical application are considerably affected. In this paper, polyether sulfone (PES) was used to modify CE resin and prepare prepreg. It prepares prepreg with good wettability and can apply to various dry forming composite preparation processes. The results show that the introduction of PES can significantly enhance the mechanical properties and thermal stability of CF/CE resin matrix composites. Compared with the CF/CE unidirectional plate, the flexural strength of 7.5wt%PES-CF/CE unidirectional plate is increased by 17%; the interlaminar shear strength is increased by 31%; the impact strength is increased by 39%; and the longitudinal thermal expansion coefficient is reduced from −2.07×10⁻⁸ K⁻¹ to −10.7×10⁻⁸ K⁻¹; the transverse thermal expansion coefficient is reduced by 20%. The modification effect is signifi-cant.
- polyether sulfone /
- cyanate ester resin /
- carbon fiber composites /
- mechanical properties /
- thermal expansion properties

HTML全文

图 1 CF/PES-CE树脂基复合材料弯曲断面形貌

Figure 1. Flexural fracture surface morphologies of CF/PES-CE resin matrix composites((a) CF/CE; (b) 2.5wt%CF/PES-CE; (c) 5.0wt%CF/PES-CE; (d) 7.5wt%CF/PES-CE)

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图 2 CF/PES-CE树脂基复合材料的EDS能谱图

Figure 2. EDS spectra of CF/PES-CE resin matrix composites((a) CF/CE; (b) 2.5wt%CF/PES-CE; (c) 5.0wt%CF/PES-CE; (d) 7.5wt%CF/PES-CE)

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图 3 CF/PES-CE树脂基复合材料弯曲截面形貌

Figure 3. Flexural fracture transversal surface morphologies of CF/PES-CE resin matrix composites ((a) CF/CE; (b) 2.5wt%CF/PES-CE; (c) 5.0wt%CF/PES-CE; (d) 7.5wt%CF/PES-CE)

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图 4 CF/PES-CE树脂基复合材料损耗因子

Figure 4. Loss factors of CF/PES-CE composites

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图 5 CF/PES-CE树脂基复合材料热膨胀曲线

Figure 5. Thermal expansion curves of CF/PES-CE composites

dL/L₀—Rate of length change; dL—Change in length; L₀—Original length

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图 6 CF/PES-CE树脂基复合材料纵向 (a) 和横向 (b) 微分热膨胀系数(diff·CTE)曲线

Figure 6. Differential coefficient of thermal expansion (diff·CTE) curves of CF/PES-CE composite in longitudinal (a) and transverse (b) directions

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表 1 碳纤维(CF)/聚醚砜(PES)-氰酸酯(CE)树脂基复合材料的命名

Table 1. Naming of carbon fiber (CF)/polyether sulfone (PES)-cyanate ester (CE) resin matrix composite

Sample	Proportion
Sample	PES/wt%	CF/CE/wt%
CF/CE	0	100
2.5wt%CF/PES-CE	2.5	97.5
5.0wt%CF/PES-CE	5.0	95.0
7.5wt%CF/PES-CE	7.5	92.5

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表 2 CF/PES-CE树脂基复合材料弯曲性能

Table 2. Flexural properties of CF/PES-CE resin matrix composite

Sample	Flexural strength/MPa	Flexural modulus/GPa
CF/CE	1649.6	124.0
2.5wt%CF/PES-CE	1804.0(9%↑)	124.8(1%↑)
5.0wt%CF/PES-CE	1926.2(17%↑)	132.7(7%↑)
7.5wt%CF/PES-CE	1927.5(17%↑)	136.6(10%↑)
Note: Values in parentheses represent the percentage increase compared to CF/CE composite.

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表 3 CF/PES-CE树脂基复合材料层间剪切强度与冲击韧性

Table 3. Interlayer shear strength and impact toughness of CF/PES-CE resin matrix composites

Sample	Interlaminar shear strength/MPa	Impact strength/(kJ·m^-²)
CF/CE	61.3	248.0
2.5wt%CF/PES-CE	66.2(8%↑)	268.9(8%↑)
5.0wt%CF/PES-CE	72.3(18%↑)	288.5(16%↑)
7.5wt%CF/PES-CE	80.5(31%↑)	346.3(40%↑)

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