几种改性剂对多孔聚酰亚胺含油性能和摩擦性能的影响

胡旭东; 李锦棒; 叶锦宗; 周宁宁; 谢超; 李建勇; 卿涛; 张激扬

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210728.001

几种改性剂对多孔聚酰亚胺含油性能和摩擦性能的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210728.001

1.
宁波大学　机械工程与力学学院，宁波 315211
2.
北京控制工程研究所，北京 100190

基金项目: 宁波市科技创新2025重大专项(2018B10004；2019B10078)；浙江省自然基金(LY21E050003)；精密转动和传动机构长寿命技术北京市重点实验室开放基金(BZ0388201803)

详细信息

通讯作者:
李锦棒，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为摩擦学　 E-mail：lijinbang@nbu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TH145.4
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-13
- 修回日期: 2021-06-17
- 录用日期: 2021-07-19
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-28
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-01

Effects of several modifiers on oil-bearing and tribological properties of porous polyimides

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
2.
Beijing Control Engineering Research Institute, Beijing 100190, China

摘要

摘要: 为探索多孔聚酰亚胺(PI)材料含油性能及摩擦性能的增强改进方法，采用介孔碳、石墨烯和稀土为改性剂制备多孔PI材料。研究了不同改性剂对材料的含油性能、摩擦性能和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明，介孔碳可大幅提升多孔PI的含油率，相比纯PI，介孔碳含量2wt%时的含油率提高了55.6%，但材料的摩擦系数有增大的趋势，力学性能也明显下降；少量的石墨烯可以提高多孔PI的含油性能和摩擦性能，但随着石墨烯含量的增加，多孔PI的含油摩擦系数快速增加，且冲击强度大幅降低；稀土极大改善了多孔PI的含油摩擦性能，随着稀土含量从0wt%增至5wt%，摩擦系数从0.05下降到0.026，超过5wt%后出现拐点，但所有试样含油摩擦系数均低于纯PI，且含油率呈上升趋势。相比介孔碳和石墨烯，稀土改性多孔PI的力学性能没有出现大幅降低的情况，对多孔PI综合性能的增强效果最优。
- 多孔聚酰亚胺 /
- 含油性能 /
- 摩擦性能 /
- 介孔碳 /
- 石墨烯 /
- 稀土
Abstract: In order to explore the enhancement and improvement of porous polyimide (PI) material’s oil content and tribological properties, PI materials were prepared by using mesoporous carbon, graphene and rare earth as modifiers, respectively. The effects of different modifiers on the oil content property, tribological property and mechanical property of the materials were studied. The experimental results show that mesoporous carbon can greatly increase the oil content of porous PI. Compared with pure PI, the oil content of 2wt% mesoporous carbon increases by 55.6%, but the friction coefficient tends to increase, the mechanical property decreases obviously; a small amount of graphene can improve the oil content and frictional properties of porous PI, but with the increase of graphene content, the oil content friction coefficient of porous PI increases rapidly, and the impact strength decreases significantly; rare earth has greatly improved the oil content friction properties of porous PI. As the rare earth content increases from 0wt% to 5wt%, the friction coefficient decreases from 0.05 to 0.026. There is an inflection point after 5wt%. However, the oil friction coefficients of all samples are lower than the pure PI, and the oil content rate goes up. The mechanical property of rare earth modified porous PI doesn’t decrease significantly compared with mesoporous carbon and graphene, which shows the best enhancement effect on the comperhensive performance of porous PI.
- porous polyimide /
- oil content property /
- tribological property /
- mesoporous carbon /
- graphene /
- rare earth

HTML全文

图 1 稀土/聚酰亚胺(PI)材料试样实物图

Figure 1. Photos of rare earth/polyimides (PI) polymer material specimens

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 介孔碳改性的PI聚合物含油性能测试结果：(a) 含油率；(b) 含油保持率

Figure 2. Oil performance test results of mesoporous carbon modified PI polymer: (a) Oil content; (b) Oil retention

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 介孔碳改性的PI聚合物摩擦系数：(a) 干摩擦系数；(b) 平均干摩擦系数；(c) 含油摩擦系数；(d) 平均含油摩擦系数

Figure 3. Friction coefficient of mesoporous carbon modified PI polymer: (a) Dry coefficient friction; (b) Average dry friction coefficient; (c) Oil friction coefficient; (d) Average oil friction coefficient

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图 4 介孔碳改性的PI聚合物力学性能：(a) 杨氏模量和拉伸强度变化柱状图；(b) 应力-应变曲线；(c) 冲击强度

Figure 4. Mechanical property of mesoporous carbon modified PI polymer: (a) Histogram of Young’s modulus and tensile strength; (b) Stress-strain curves; (c) Impact strength

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 石墨烯改性的PI聚合物含油性能测试结果: (a) 含油率；(b) 含油保持率

Figure 5. Oil performance test results of graphene modified PI polymer: (a) Oil content; (b) Oil retention

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 石墨烯改性的PI聚合物摩擦系数：(a)干摩擦系数；(b)平均干摩擦系数；(c)含油摩擦系数；(d)平均含油摩擦系数

Figure 6. Friction coefficient of graphene modified PI polymer: (a) Dry coefficient friction; (b) Average dry friction coefficient; (c) Oil friction coefficient; (d) Average oil friction coefficient

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 石墨烯改性的PI聚合物力学性能：(a) 杨氏模量和拉伸强度变化柱状图；(b) 应力-应变曲线；(c) 冲击强度

Figure 7. Mechanical property of graphene modified PI polymer: (a) Histogram of Young's modulus and tensile strength; (b) Stress-strain curves; (c) Impact strength

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 稀土改性的PI聚合物含油性能测试结果：(a) 含油率；(b) 含油保持率

Figure 8. Oil performance test results of rare earth modified PI polymer: (a) Oil content; (b) Oil retention

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 稀土改性的PI聚合物摩擦系数：(a) 干摩擦系数；(b) 平均干摩擦系数；(c) 含油摩擦系数；(d) 平均含油摩擦系数

Figure 9. Friction coefficients of rare earth modified PI polymer: (a) Dry coefficient friction; (b) Average dry friction coefficient; (c) Oil friction coefficient; (d) Average oil friction coefficient

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 稀土改性的PI聚合物力学性能：(a) 杨氏模量和拉伸强度变化柱状图；(b) 应力-应变曲线

Figure 10. Mechanical property of rare earth modified PI polymer: (a) Histogram of Young’s modulus and tensile strength; (b) Stress-strain curves

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 稀土改性的PI聚合物光镜下对磨球表面、共聚焦显微镜下磨痕表面

Figure 11. Surface of the grinding ball under light microscope of rare earth modified PI polymer, the worn surface under confocal microscope of rare earth modified PI polymer

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图 12 稀土改性的PI聚合物材料内部孔结构及孔隙率：(a) 进出汞曲线；(b) 孔径分布

Figure 12. Internal pore structure and porosity of rare earth modified PI polymer: (a) Mercury inflow and outflow curves; (b) Pore size distribution

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 稀土改性的PI聚合物吸油试验

Figure 13. Oil absorption experiment of rare earth modified PI polymer

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表 1 稀土改性的PI聚合物试样在光学显微镜下的磨痕宽度

Table 1. Wear mark width of rare earth modified PI polymer specimens under light microscope

Sample Grinding crack width/μm

Pure PI 577.3
1wt%rare earth/porous PI 509.7
5wt%rare earth/porous PI 457.1

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