Abstract: A new carbon fiber precursor was prepared from liquefied wood in phenol, which was used to synthesize the spinning solution by melt-spinning. The effect factors of spinning solution on the properties of carbon fiber precursors were studied. The results show that the tensile strength/modulus and the elongation at break of carbon fiber precursors increase obviously with increasing the phenol/wood ratio in the wood liquefaction. Moreover, the tensile strength increases nearly 9 times when the phenol/wood ratio increases from 3 to 4. The mechanical properties of carbon fiber precursors drop with increasing the synthetics content. The peak decreasing amplitude of the tensile strength and modulus of precursors occurs at adding 6% synthetics content, but the elongation at break reaches the maximum at 4% synthetics content. The tensile strength and modulus have no obvious increase with increasing the synthesis temperature, while the elongation at break decreases and shows obvious decreasing amplitude from 110℃ to 115℃. The mechanical properties of precursors are improved with increasing the temperature rise time and then drop, and carbon fiber precursors show optimum mechanical properties at the temperature rise time of 40min.