Abstract:
TiO
2-based photocatalysts have been widely used for photoxidation of various organic pollutants and photoreduction of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution. However, less attention has been paid to the photocatalyzed reduction of nitro group to amino group of nitroaromatics. In this study, liquid-phase deposition (LPD) technique was adopted to deposit anatase TiO
2 shell on amorphous SiO
2-coated Fe
3O
4 to form core-shell Fe
3O
4@SiO
2@TiO
2 magnetic photocatalyst. To further promote its photocatalytic activity, uniformly dispersed Au nanoparticles (NPs) were decorated on its surface to obtain Fe
3O
4@SiO
2@TiO
2-Au composite. Both the TiO
2-based magnetic composites were characterized and used as photocatalysts. To evaluate their photocatalytic performance, the photocatalyzed reduction of p-nitroaniline (p-NA) to p-phenylenediamine (p-PDA) was chosen as a model reaction under UV irradiation using HCOONH
4 as a hole scavenger and H source. Although p-NA can be completely reduced to p-PDA by the two photocatalysts, Fe
3O
4@SiO
2@TiO
2-Au exhibits much superior photocatalytic activity to Fe
3O
4@SiO
2@TiO
2. The is because Au NPs decorated on the TiO
2 can efficiently facilitate the photoexcited electron-transfer from the conduction band of TiO
2 to Au, which is favorable for minimizing the recombination rate of electrons and holes and prolong the lifetime of the photoelectrons. In addition, HCOONH
4 plays an indispensable role in improving the photocatalytic reduction of p-NA via capturing photo-generated holes.