Abstract: Nowadays, with the national advocacy of energy conservation and emission reduction, the problem of high energy consumption of buildings caused by insufficient thermal insulation performance of building envelopes has become increasingly prominent. In this regard, a sandwich structure wall with engineered cementitious composites (ECC) as the surface layer and expanded polystyrene (EPS) board as the insulation layer was adopted to improve the thermal insulation performance of the enclosure structure. It can not only effectively reduce energy dissipation, but also have excellent deformation and crack control ability. However, the bonding performance is an important prerequisite to determine whether it can give full play to the advantages of its own materials and meet the use requirements. Therefore, a double-sided shear test was carried out on the sandwich structure. The effects of the production method, the thickness of insulation layer, the presence or absence of connectors and the insertion angle of connectors on the bonding properties of interface between ECC surface layer and EPS insulation layer were studied. The test results show that the bonding performance of EPS precast specimens is the worst, and the average value of its ultimate load is only 1/4 of that of in-situ casting specimens. The greater thickness of the insulation layer, the worse bonding performance of the specimens. The addition of connectors helps to improve the bearing capacity and bonding performance of specimens, among which the strengthening effect of specimens with 45° connectors is the most obvious. At the same time, through the analysis of the toughness index, it is found that the toughness of the specimens with connectors is better, and the specimen with the insulation layer thickness of 50 mm in the specimen without connector also has good interfacial bonding performance at the later stage of the test. In addition, based on the analysis theory of Teixeira, the shear bearing capacity formula of the specimens was deduced. Comparing the calculation results with the test results, the results show that the calculation formula can be used to predict the shear bearing capacity of the specimens.