Abstract: In order to explore the enhancement and improvement of porous polyimide (PI) material’s oil content and tribological properties, PI materials were prepared by using mesoporous carbon, graphene and rare earth as modifiers, respectively. The effects of different modifiers on the oil content property, tribological property and mechanical property of the materials were studied. The experimental results show that mesoporous carbon can greatly increase the oil content of porous PI. Compared with pure PI, the oil content of 2wt% mesoporous carbon increases by 55.6%, but the friction coefficient tends to increase, the mechanical property decreases obviously; a small amount of graphene can improve the oil content and frictional properties of porous PI, but with the increase of graphene content, the oil content friction coefficient of porous PI increases rapidly, and the impact strength decreases significantly; rare earth has greatly improved the oil content friction properties of porous PI. As the rare earth content increases from 0wt% to 5wt%, the friction coefficient decreases from 0.05 to 0.026. There is an inflection point after 5wt%. However, the oil friction coefficients of all samples are lower than the pure PI, and the oil content rate goes up. The mechanical property of rare earth modified porous PI doesn’t decrease significantly compared with mesoporous carbon and graphene, which shows the best enhancement effect on the comperhensive performance of porous PI.