Abstract: In order to predict and control the damage degree of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) anti-collision beams in low speed collision, a finite element explicit dynamic collision model of CFRP anti-collision beams was established. Mechanical properties of CFRP anti-collision beams were simulated by solid composite materials, and the interlayer interaction of CFRP was simulated by cohesive element. A VUSDFLD subroutine based on Tsai-Wu tensor theory was developed to determine the damage of composite elements in six directions during the collision process. The stiffness of the failure elements was reduced according to the sudden degradation model. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model was used to simulate the impact damage of reinforced aluminum alloy layers. The stiffness reduction of the failure element was carried out by linear continuous degradation model. The collision results of two CFRP laminates (±45°/45°/0°/0°/90°/45°/0°/0°/90°_s and ±45°/45°/0°/0°/0°/45°/90°/45°/0°/0°/90°_s) were compared with the collision results of CFRP anti-collision beam containing aluminum alloy reinforced layer. It can be seen that when the number of elements in the layer is the same, the number of failure elements decreases obviously by adding four layers of composite laminates to CFRP anti-collision beam. The number of failure elements of the multi-material hybrid anti-collision beam structure with reinforced aluminum alloy layer is significantly reduced under the condition that the mass of the beam is basically unchanged. The results show that the developed VUSDFLD subroutine can be used for the explicit dynamic collision damage simulation of composite anti-collision beams, and the results based on the collision damage simulation can provide a reference for the structural design of CFRP anti-collision beams.