Pyrolysis and dynamic mechanical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene filter media
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摘要: 随着袋式除尘技术的广泛应用，滤袋失效和回收利用等问题愈发引人关注。为了解聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)滤料是否会在使用时产生失效问题和焚烧处理时产生有害气体成分，本文分别采用动态力学分析-固体分析仪和热重-红外-气相色谱质谱联用仪，探究PTFE滤料在高温裂解的气体成分，以及在模拟使用温度下的动态力学性能和蠕变性能，为PTFE滤料的合理使用和后处理提供科学依据。结果表明：PTFE在空气氛围中裂解会产生碳酰氟、四氟乙烯、六氟丙烯等有害气体。与PTFE基布增强和芳纶基布增强芳纶针刺滤料相比，随着温度升高，PTFE基布增强PTFE针刺滤料的拉伸强力显著降低，而芳纶基布增强芳纶针刺滤料则无明显变化。在蠕变性能方面，PTFE滤料抗蠕变性能差，PTFE基布增强芳纶针刺滤料在低应力水平下有良好的抗蠕变性能，而芳纶基布增强芳纶针刺滤料则在高低应力水平下皆有较好的抗蠕变性能。Abstract: More and more attention is being paid to the filtration failure and the following disposal issues of filter media with its wide application of baghouse dust removal technology. In this paper, TG-IR-GC/MS and DMA are used to investigate the pyrolysis and dynamic mechanical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fiber needle punched filter media in comparison with aramid fiber filter media, with the aim to provide the guidance of rational application and disposal of PTFE filter media. The results showed that PTFE decomposed in air, producing harmful gases such as carbonyl fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, and hexafluoropropylene. Compared to PTFE and aramid fiber woven fabric reinforced aramid fiber filter media, the tensile strength of PTFE woven fabric reinforced PTFE fiber needle punched filter media was decreased significantly with the increase of heating temperature. In addition, PTFE filter media exhibited poor creep resistance while PTFE fiber woven fabric reinforced aramid fiber filter media had good creep resistance at low stress level, and aramid woven fabric reinforced aramid fiber filter media exhibited good creep resistance even at higher stress level.
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Key words:
- polytetrafluoroethylene /
- pyrolysis /
- creep /
- aramid /
- filter media
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图 1 N2氛围下聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的热重曲线(TG)和微分曲线(DTG)
Figure 1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) of PTFE in N2 atmosphere
图 5 不同温度下PTFE空气氛围的裂解质谱图
Figure 5. Mass spectra of PTFE in air atmosphere at different temperatures
图 7 4种针刺滤料的热态拉伸性能
Figure 7. Thermal tensile properties of four types of needle punched filter media
图 8 3种试样在不同应力水平下的蠕变性能：(a) 1 N；(b) 10 N
Figure 8. Creep testing of three kinds of samples at differentstress levels: (a) 1 N; (b) 10 N
表 1 样品的基本信息
Table 1. Basic information of the sample
Surface
fiberSubstrate
fiberThickness/mm Mass per
unit/(g·m−2)PTFE PTFE 1.05 750 Aramid PTFE 2.20 508 Aramid Aramid 2.12 512 Note: PTFE—Polytetrafluoroethylene. 
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表 2 N2氛围下PTFE裂解气体组成
Table 2. Pyrolysis gas of PTFE in N2 atmosphere
Serial
numberRetention
time/minContent/% Pyrolysis gas 1 2.024 99.8 Tetrafluoroethylene 2 2.654 0.02 Cyclic unsaturated compound
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