轻质聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料的研究进展

杨继飞; 刘珊; 樊峤; 何露露; 何敏

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230119.002

轻质聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料的研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230119.002

杨继飞^{1, 3},
刘珊^{2, 3},
樊峤^{1, 3},
何露露^{1, 3},
何敏^{1, 3, ,}

1.
贵州大学　材料与冶金学院，贵阳 550025
2.
贵州理工学院　材料与能源工程学院，贵阳 550003
3.
国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心，贵阳 550022

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金地区基金(52163011)；贵州省学术新苗培养及创新探索项目(GZLGXM-22)

详细信息

通讯作者:
何敏，本科，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为功能复合材料　E-mail : hemin851@126.com

中图分类号: TB34；TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-15
- 修回日期: 2022-12-13
- 录用日期: 2022-12-15
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-20
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-15

Research progress of lightweight polymer electromagnetic shielding materials

YANG Jifei^{1, 3},
LIU Shan^{2, 3},
FAN Qiao^{1, 3},
HE Lulu^{1, 3},
HE Min^{1, 3
, ,}

1.
School of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
2.
School of Materials and Energy Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China
3.
National Engineering Research Center for Composite Modified Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550022, China

Funds: Authors Acknowledge Financial Support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (52163011); Academic Novice Cultivation and Innovative Exploration Project of Guizhou Province (GZLGXM-22)

摘要

摘要: 随着科技不断的进步，5G技术快速的普及及可穿戴设备的飞速发展，生活变得越来越便利，同时电磁干扰对人们的身体健康和精密电子设备的运行造成威胁。如今传统的电磁屏蔽材料已不能满足人们生活的日常需求，轻质聚合物电磁屏蔽材料得到越来越多的关注。本文总结了电磁屏蔽机制及聚合物结构对电磁屏蔽性能的影响，综述了前沿碳/聚合物电磁屏蔽材料、金属/聚合物电磁屏蔽材料、新型MXene/聚合物电磁屏蔽材料的制备方法、电磁屏蔽性能及其相关机制，探讨了其优势和局限性，并对轻质聚合物电磁屏蔽材料面临的关键挑战、潜在应用和发展前景进行展望。
- 电磁屏蔽 /
- 聚合物 /
- 轻质 /
- 多孔材料 /
- 吸收衰减
Abstract: With the continuous progress of science and technology, the rapid popularization of 5G technology and the rapid development of wearable devices, life is becoming more and more convenient. Meanwhile, electromagnetic interference poses a threat to the health of people and the operation of precision electronic devices. Nowadays, traditional electromagnetic interference shielding materials can no longer meet the daily needs of people's life, lightweight polymer-based electromagnetic interference shielding materials have attracted more and more attention. This study summarized the electromagnetic interference shielding mechanism, and the influence of polymer structures on electromagnetic interference shielding performance, reviewed the preparation methods, electromagnetic shielding properties, and related mechanisms of advanced carbon/polymer materials, metal/polymer materials, and novel MXene/polymer materials, discussed their advantages and limitations, and prospected the key challenges, potential applications and development prospects of lightweight polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials in the future.
- electromagnetic interference shielding /
- polymer /
- lightweight /
- porous material /
- absorption attenuation

HTML全文

图 1 电磁屏蔽机制

Figure 1. Electromagnetic shielding mechanism

SE_R—Reflection loss efficiency; SE_A—Absorption loss efficiency

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图 2 3D多层多孔结构电磁屏蔽原理

Figure 2. Electromagnetic shielding mechanism of 3D multilayer porous structures

SE_M—Multiple reflection loss efficiency

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图 3 3D泡孔结构电磁屏蔽原理

Figure 3. Electromagnetic shielding mechanism of three dimensional bubble structure

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表 1 电磁屏蔽效果

Table 1. Electromagnetic shielding effect

No.	EMI SE/dB	Electromagnetic shielding effect	Remarks
1	＜10	Bad	—
2	10-30	General	≥20 dB
			Has commercialization potential
3	30-60	Moderate	≥35 dB
			Meeting civilian needs
4	60-90	Good	≥75 dB
			Meeting military requirements
5	＞90	Excellent
Note: EMI SE—Electromagnetic shielding efficiency.

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表 2 常见的填料

Table 2. Common filler

Classification	Example	Remarks
Carbon	Carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.	Enhanced material conductivity and dielectric loss
Metal	Nickel, cobalt, iron, zinc, copper, alloy, etc.	Enhanced material conductivity, magnetic properties, dielectric losses and magnetic losses
Composite filler	Carbon and metals, metals and alloys, carbon and MXene, etc.	Packing composition can be designed according to material requirements

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