石墨烯纳米片增强铝镁基复合泡沫的结构与压缩力学性能

刘雨佳; 于浩; 邹田春; 沙军威; 杨旭东

石墨烯纳米片增强铝镁基复合泡沫的结构与压缩力学性能

1.
中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院, 天津 300300
2.
天津大学材料科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
3.
中国民航大学中欧航空工程师学院, 天津 300300

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费中国民航大学专项(3122020083)

详细信息

通讯作者:
邹田春，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向复合材料、多孔金属材料　E-mail: zoutianchun@126.com

中图分类号: TB331
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-21
- 修回日期: 2022-12-01
- 录用日期: 2022-12-02
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-19

Effect of graphene nanosheets on the pore structure and compressive mechanical properties of aluminum-magnesium matrix composite foams

1.
School of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
2.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
3.
Sino-European Institute of Aviation Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

Funds: Basic Research Funds for Central Universities, Special Project of Civil Aviation University of China(3122020083)

摘要

摘要: 泡沫铝具有低密度、高孔隙率、高比强度等优点，被应用在汽车前后杠、高铁缓冲器、装甲防护、隔音屏障和防火层等方面。然而，泡沫铝的强韧性一般呈倒置关系，即一些泡沫铝的强度高但脆性往往较大，而韧性较好的泡沫铝的强度通常较低，这限制了其在工程领域内的应用。研究表明，泡沫Al-Mg可以在不牺牲韧性的同时在一定程度上提高泡沫铝的强度，但是Mg元素过多会引起泡孔结构缺陷增多，限制了其力学性能的进一步提升。GNSs具有特殊的二维结构，由于其固有的高抗拉强度和高杨氏模量，可以成为泡沫Al-Mg合适的增强体。然而，GNSs对泡沫Al-Mg的影响却鲜有报道。本文采用低能球磨和粉末冶金发泡法制备GNSs增强的Al-Mg基复合泡沫，研究了GNSs对泡孔形态和微观组织的影响；采用准静态压缩实验和数字图像相关法(DIC)对复合泡沫的力学性能和变形机制进行研究。结果表明：GNSs的加入增加了气孔的形核位点并使氧化镁(MgO)在GNSs周围发生偏析。0.25 wt% GNSs/Al-Mg复合泡沫的压缩力学性能最优，相比于泡沫Al-Mg，其吸能能力提高了43.6%，压缩强度提高了42.9%，平台应力提高了28.1%，同时表现出韧脆结合的变形模式。1GNSs/Al-Mg复合泡沫的泡孔结构和准静态压缩应力-应变曲线及吸能能力曲线
- 石墨烯纳米片 /
- 泡沫铝 /
- 压缩性能 /
- 吸能性能 /
- 增强机制
Abstract: Graphene nanosheets (GNSs) reinforced aluminum-magnesium (Al-Mg) matrix composite foams (G-AMCFs) were successfully prepared by ball milling and powder metallurgy foaming. The effects of GNSs on pore morphology, microstructure and quasi-static compressive mechanical properties of Al-Mg foams were studied. The results show that the addition of GNSs can increase pore nucleation sites and cause the segregation of magnesium oxide (MgO) around the GNSs. With the increment of GNSs content, the pore size of G-AMCFs increases. The compressive mechanical properties of 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs are the best. Compared with Al-Mg foams, the energy absorption capacity, yield strength and plateau stress of 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs are increased by 43.6%, 42.9% and 28.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs show good ductile deformation behavior. The cell structure with high content of G-AMCFs (0.75 wt%) deteriorates which leads to a decrease in mechanical properties, but the yield strength is still higher than that of Al-Mg foams. The enhancement mechanism of compo-site foams includes dispersion strengthening, load transfer and precipitation strengthening.
- graphene nanosheets /
- aluminum foam /
- compression properties /
- energy absorption properties /
- enhancement mechanism

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图 1 石墨烯纳米片(GNSs)增强铝镁(Al-Mg)基复合泡沫(G-AMCFs)的制备流程示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the preparation process of Graphene nanosheets (GNSs) reinforced aluminum-magnesium (Al-Mg) matrix composite foams (G-AMCFs)

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图 2 Cu@GNSs的SEM图像(a)、TEM图像((b)、(c))和TG-DSC曲线(d)

Figure 2. SEM image (a), TEM image ((b), (c)) and TG-DSC curve (d) of Cu@GNSs

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图 3 165 r/min球磨120 min后0.25 wt% Cu@GNSs/Al复合粉末的SEM图像

Figure 3. SEM images of 0.25 wt% Cu@GNSs/Al composite powder after 120 min of 165 r/min ball milling

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图 4 GNSs在0.25 wt% G-AMCFs制备过程中的Raman光谱

Figure 4. Raman spectra of GNSs during preparation of 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs

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图 5 AFs (a)、0.25 wt% G-AMCFs (b)、0.50 wt% G-AMCFs (c)和0.75 wt% G-AMCFs (d)的泡孔结构

Figure 5. Pore structures of AFs (a), 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs (b), 0.50 wt% G-AMCFs (c) and 0.75 wt% G-AMCFs (d)

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图 6 AFs (a)和0.5 wt% G-AMCFs(b)的TEM和EDS图像

Figure 6. TEM and EDS images of AFs (a) and 0.5 wt% G-AMCFs (b)

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图 7 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs (a)和0.75 wt% G-AMCFs (b)的泡孔表面图像

Figure 7. Pore surface images of 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs (a) and 0.75 wt% G-AMCFs (b)

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图 8 不同GNSs含量的G-AMCFs的压缩应力-应变曲线(a)和吸能曲线(b)

Figure 8. Compressive stress-strain curves (a) and energy absorption curves (b) of G-AMCFs with different GNSs contents

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图 9 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs ((a)~(d))和0.75 wt% G-AMCFs ((e)~(h))的准静态压缩变形行为((a)、(e) ε=0、(b)、(f) ε=5%、(c)、(g) ε=10%、(d)、(h) ε=40%)

Figure 9. Quasi-static compression deformation behavior of 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs ((a)-(d)) and 0.75 wt% G-AMCFs ((e)-(h)) ((a), (e) ε=0, (b), (f) ε=5%, (c), (g) ε=10%, (d), (h) ε=40%

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图 10 AFs (a)、0.25 wt% G-AMCFs ((b)、(c))复合泡沫断口形貌的SEM图像

Figure 10. SEM images of fracture morphology of AFs (a), 0.25 wt% G-AMCFs ((b), (c)) composite foams

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图 11 Al₄Cu₉的HRTEM图(a)和红色矩形区域的FFT图(b)

Figure 11. HRTEM diagram (a) of Al₄Cu₉ and FFT diagram (b) of the red rectangular region

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表 1 不同GNSs含量的G-AMCFs的力学性能统计值

Table 1. Statistical values of mechanical properties of G-AMCFs with different GNSs contents

Foams	σ_s /MPa	σ_pl /MPa	W (MJ/m³)
AFs	4.9	5.7	3.67
0.25 wt% G-AMCFs	7.0	7.9	5.27
0.50 wt% G-AMCFs	7.1	7.3	4.69
0.75 wt% G-AMCFs	5.8	7.0	4.74
Notes: σ_s − First maximum stress on the stress-strain curve; σ_pl − The average compressive stress of the compressive strain interval of 20% to 40%; W− The energy value obtained by the integration of the region from 0 to ε_d

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