Research progress on surface modification of carbon fiber and its effect on the properties of thermoplastic composites
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摘要: 碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料(CRTP)具有轻质、高强、高模等优异性能,在汽车、航空航天、国防军工和风力发电等领域具有广阔的应用前景。为了获得性能优良的复合材料,碳纤维(CF)表面改性方法被深入研究以提高CF与热塑性树脂间的界面结合。本文介绍了当前碳纤维增强复合材料界面增强理论,总结了国内外CF表面改性技术及与热塑性树脂界面结合的研究进展,并综述了各种不同表面改性技术的优缺点及对CRTP性能的影响。Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (CRTP) exhibit excellent properties including light weight, high strength, and high modulus, making them highly promising for applications in automotive, aerospace, military, and wind power industries. Several methods have been employed to modify the surface of carbon fiber (CF) in order to enhance the interfacial bonding between CF and thermoplastic resins, aiming to achieve composites with superior properties. This paper introduced the current theory of interfacial enhancement for carbon fiber reinforced composites, summarized the recent research progress in CF surface modification technology and interfacial bonding, and reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of different surface modification technologies and the impact on the properties of prepared CRTP.
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图 1 界面结合的分子动力学模拟;(a)机械互锁作用[16];(b)化学键合作用[18];(c) 碳纤维(CF)表面形貌与浸润性的关系[20]
Figure 1. Molecular dynamics simulations of interfacial binding; (a) mechanical interlocking interactions [14]; (b) chemical bonding and interactions [18];(c) relationship between carbon fiber (CF) surface morphology and wettability [20]
表 1 不同碳纤维表面处理的热塑性复合材料的性能比较
Table 1. Comparing the properties of thermoplastic composites subjected to various carbon fiber surface treatments.
Methods Sample Processing
technologyMechanical properties Ref. ILSS/
MPaIFSS/
MPaFlexural properties Tensile properties Flexural strength /MPa Flexural modulus /GPa Tensile strength /MPa Tensile modulus /GPa Oxidation Gas-phase oxidation CF/PI Compressing molding — — 202 (↑4.7%) — — — [25] CF/PEEK Compressing molding — — — — — — [26] Liquid phase CF/ABS Injection molding — — — — — — [27] Anodic oxidation CF/HDPE Compressing molding — — — — 192 (↑28%) — [28] Sizing/coating modification CF/PEEK Compressing molding 59.4 (↑54.3%) — — — — — [34] CF/PEEK Compressing molding 93.5 (↑53.3%) — 1020.0 (↑52.9%) 78.8 (↑54.8%) — — [35] CF/PEEK Compressing molding 92
(↑26%)— 1237 (↑35.5%) 78 (↑5.4%) — — [36] CF/PEEK Compressing molding 46.08 (↑37.02%) — 167 (↑27.62%) — — [37] CF/PEEK Compressing molding 82.8 (↑70%) — 519.2 (↑37%) 26.9 (↑48%) — — [38] CF/PA6 Compressing molding 31.7 (↑72.3%) — 308.2 (↑56.9%) 22.5 (↑42.4%) — — [41] Nanoparticles CF/PEI Injection molding (↑39.4%) — — — (↑12.5%) — [42] CF/PA6 Compressing molding 31.13 (↑40%) — — — — — [43] CF/PEEK Compressing molding 76.83 (↑68.93%) — 703.43 (↑77.71%) 45.06 (↑59.39%) — — [44] Plasma treatment CF/PA12 Compressing molding — 82.7 (↑105.72%) — — — — [46] CF/PEEK — 59.73 (↑41.01%) — — — — [14] CF/PEI Compressing molding — — — — 239 (↑42%) 24.98
(↑8.7%)[47] Chemical grafting modification CF/PEEK Compressing molding (↑33.4%) — — — — [50] CF/PEEK Compressing molding 97.43 (↑66.77%) 103.12 (↑137.5%) — — — — [51] CF/PPBES Compressing molding 97.2 (↑23.2%) 2043 (↑34.4%) — — — [52] Nanoparticles modification CF/PEEK Compressing molding 91.49 (↑25.21%) — — — — — [54] CF/PA6 Compressing molding 46.7 (↑34%) — — — — — [55] CF/PC Compressing molding — — — — 344.8 (↑46.5%) 37.8 (↑57.5%) [56] CF/PES Injection molding — — 415.0 (↑28.76%) 11.5 (↑38.55%) 223.3 (↑17.77%) 12.9 (↑41.76%) [57] CF/PC — — 37.03 (↑67.25%) — — — — [58] CF/PA66 Injection molding — 42.6 (↑52.3%) — — 216.58 (↑19.2%) — [59] Compound modified CF/PA6 Compressing molding — — 573 (↑17.4%) 38.0 (↑16.6%) 480 (↑21.2%) 47.9 (↑24.1%) [60] CF/PPS Compressing molding 82.39 (↑21.73%) — 987.74 (↑36.18%) — 677.86 (↑5.96%) — [61] Notes: “↑”, this is the symbol for enhancement; “-”, this symbol indicates that it has not been reported in the literature, CF/PI-Carbon fiber/polyimide, CF/PEEK-Carbon fiber/polyetheretherketone, CF/ABS-Carbon fiber/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, CF/HDPE-Carbon fiber/high density polyethylene, CF/PA6-Carbon fiber/polyamide 6, CF/PEI-Carbon fiber/polyetherimide, CF/PA12-Carbon fiber/polyamide 12, CF/PPBES-Carbon fiber/copoly(phthalazinone ether sulfone)s, CF/PC-Carbon fiber/polycarbonate, CF/PES-Carbon fiber/polyethersulfone, CF/PA66-Carbon fiber/polyamide 66, CF/PPS-Carbon fiber/polyphenylene sulfide -
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