Quasi-static compression performance of double arrowhead honeycomb filled with foam concrete
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摘要: 为提高三明治结构的力学和能量吸收性能，提出一种泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构。制作双箭头结构并填充不同强度的低密度泡沫混凝土，通过试验得到准静态压缩下填充泡沫混凝土双箭头结构的变形模式、力学性能和能量吸收性能，并使用经试验验证的数值模型进一步分析了胞壁厚度与泡沫混凝土强度、胞元角度等重要因素对此填充结构压缩性能的影响。结果表明：双箭头结构可约束泡沫混凝土，双箭头结构和泡沫混凝土的合理匹配可有效利用两者间的相互作用，优化能量吸收性能。泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构平均压缩强度的增量随填充泡沫混凝土强度的升高而升高，胞壁厚度为0.2 mm时，填充强度为0.46 MPa泡沫混凝土的结构比吸能最大；胞壁厚度为0.4 mm时，填充强度为1.02 MPa泡沫混凝土的结构比吸能最大。增加胞壁厚度可提高平均压缩强度的增量，提高比吸能。调整胞元角度，可实现对平均压缩强度增量和比吸能的调控。Abstract: To improve the mechanical and energy absorption performance of sandwich structures, a double arrowhead structure filled with foam concrete was proposed. The double arrowhead structure was prepared and filled with low density foam concrete of various strength. The deformation mode, mechanical properties, and energy absorption performance of the foam concrete-filled double arrowhead structure under quasi-static compression were experimentally obtained. Furthermore, a numerical model validated by test results was employed to investigate the influence of important factors such as cell wall thickness, strength of foam concrete and cell angle on the compression performance of the filled structure. The results suggest that if properly designed, the double arrowhead structure is able to effectively confine the foam concrete. The reasonable matching between the double arrowhead structure and foam concrete can benefit the interaction between the two to improve the energy absorption performance. The increment in mean crushing strength of double arrowhead structure filled with foam concrete increases with the strength of the foam concrete. The structure filled with foam concrete of strength 0.46 MPa exhibits the maximum specific energy absorption for cell wall thickness 0.2 mm, and the structure filled with foam concrete of strength 1.02 MPa exhibits the maximum specific energy absorption for cell wall thickness 0.4 mm. Increasing the cell wall thickness promotes the increment in mean crushing strength and specific energy absorption. Adjusting the cell angle enables the tuning of the increment in average crushing strength and specific energy absorption.
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图 2 双箭头结构和泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构试件的制作过程
Figure 2. Manufacturing process of double arrowhead honeycomb filled with foam concrete
图 3 四种密度泡沫混凝土的名义应力-应变曲线
Figure 3. Nominal stress-strain curves of foam concrete of four densities
图 5 较低强度泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构的变形模式
Figure 5. Deformation modes of double arrowhead honeycombs filled with relatively low-strength foam concrete
图 6 较高强度泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构的变形模式
Figure 6. Deformation modes of double arrowhead honeycomb filled with relatively high-strength foam concrete
图 7 不同强度泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构的名义应力-应变曲线
Figure 7. Nominal stress-strain curves of double arrowhead honeycombs filled with foam concrete of different strength
图 8 不同强度泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构的平均压缩强度
Figure 8. Mean crushing strength of double arrowhead honeycombs filled with foam concrete of different strength
图 9 不同强度泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构的比吸能
Figure 9. SEA of double arrowhead honeycombs filled with foam concrete of different strength
图 10 泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构的数值模型
Figure 10. Numerical model of double arrowhead honeycomb filled with foam concrete
图 11 不同网格尺寸模型得到泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构压缩名义应力-应变关系比较
Figure 11. Nominal stress-strain relation comparison of double arrowhead honeycomb filled with foam concrete with models of different mesh sizes
图 12 结构变形模式试验和数值模拟结果的比较
Figure 12. Comparison of structural deformation modes obtained from experiment and numerical simulation
图 13 空的和填充泡沫混凝土双箭头结构名义应力-应变曲线试验和数值模拟结果比较
Figure 13. Comparison of the nominal stress-strain curves of hollow and foam concrete filled structures obtained from experiment and numerical simulation
图 14 泡沫混凝土强度和胞壁厚度对泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构平均压缩强度的影响
Figure 14. Influence of foam concrete strength and cell wall thickness on the mean crushing strength of double arrowhead honeycombs filled with foam concrete
图 15 泡沫混凝土强度和胞壁厚度对泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构比吸能的影响
Figure 15. Influence of foam concrete strength and cell wall thickness on the SEA of double arrowhead honeycombs filled with foam concrete
图 16 泡沫混凝土填充不同角度胞元双箭头结构几何模型
Figure 16. Geometric model of double arrowhead honeycombs of different angles filled with foam concrete
图 17 泡沫混凝土填充不同角度胞元双箭头结构的泊松比-应变关系
Figure 17. Poisson’s ratio-strain relations of double arrowhead honeycombs of different angles filled with foam concrete
图 18 泡沫混凝土填充不同角度胞元双箭头结构的名义应力-应变曲线
Figure 18. Nominal stress-strain curves of double arrowhead honeycombs of different θ filled with foam concrete
图 19 胞元角度对泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构平均压缩强度的影响
Figure 19. Influence of cell angle on the mean crushing strength of double arrowhead honeycombs filled with foam concrete
图 20 泡沫混凝土填充不同角度胞元角度双箭头结构的比吸能
Figure 20. SEA of double arrowhead honeycombs of different angles filled with foam concrete
表 1 铝的力学性能
Table 1. Mechanical properties of aluminum
Aluminum Density/(kg·m-3) Young’s modulus/GPa Yield strength/MPa Ultimate strength/MPa 1060 2680 68.9 15 65 3A21 2730 69.2 100 134 
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表 2 试件的参数
Table 2. Parameters of the specimens
Sample Bottom
area/mm2Height/mm Mass/g Foam concrete
density/(kg·m−3)Compressive strength of
foam concrete/MPaDAH 7600 115 402 － － DAH-FC-0.10 7760 120 598 227 0.10 DAH-FC-0.46 7680 119 683 423 0.46 DAH-FC-1.02 7600 121 916 619 1.02 DAH-FC-1.70 7695 120 1038 838 1.70 Notes: DAH—Double arrowhead honeycomb; FC—Foam concrete.
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表 3 试件的能量吸收性能
Table 3. Energy absorption performance of specimens
Specimen Densification strain Mean crushing strength/MPa SEA/(J·g−1) DAH 0.542 1.514 1.785 DAH-FC-0.10 0.433 1.973 1.330 DAH-FC-0.46 0.413 3.096 1.693 DAH-FC-1.02 0.401 4.843 1.950 DAH-FC-1.70 0.350 5.884 1.809 Notes: SEA—Specific energy absorption.
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表 4 不同泡沫混凝土强度和胞壁厚度下泡沫混凝土填充双箭头结构的质量(g)
Table 4. Mass of double arrowhead honeycombs filled with foam concrete with different strength of foam concrete and cell wall thickness (g)
Foam concrete
density/(kg·m−3)Cell wall thickness/mm 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 227 311 472 633 795 423 442 601 761 922 619 613 770 929 1088 838 718 875 1032 1191
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表 5 不同角度θ填充结构的能量吸收性能
Table 5. Energy absorption performance of filled structures at different angles
θ1 θ2 Densification
strainMean crushing
strength/MPaSEA/(J·g−1) 45° 30° 0.457 4.756 1.738 60° 30° 0.478 4.465 1.896 60° 45° 0.487 3.828 1.257
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