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荷载与湿热服役工况下碳纤维增强复合材料的摩擦学行为与磨损机制研究

咸贵军 齐肖 郭瑞 田经纬

咸贵军, 齐肖, 郭瑞, 等. 荷载与湿热服役工况下碳纤维增强复合材料的摩擦学行为与磨损机制研究[J]. 复合材料学报, 2024, 42(0): 1-12.
引用本文: 咸贵军, 齐肖, 郭瑞, 等. 荷载与湿热服役工况下碳纤维增强复合材料的摩擦学行为与磨损机制研究[J]. 复合材料学报, 2024, 42(0): 1-12.
XIAN Guijun, QI Xiao, GUO Rui, et al. Study on friction behaviors and wear mechanisms of carbon fiber reinforced composites under load and hygrothermal service conditions[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica.
Citation: XIAN Guijun, QI Xiao, GUO Rui, et al. Study on friction behaviors and wear mechanisms of carbon fiber reinforced composites under load and hygrothermal service conditions[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica.

荷载与湿热服役工况下碳纤维增强复合材料的摩擦学行为与磨损机制研究

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3706501);江苏省自然科学基金 (BK20240350);高分子材料工程国家重点实验室 (sklpme2024-1-09)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    田经纬,博士,讲师,研究方向为土木工程纤维增强树脂复合材料与结构 E-mail: HITtianjingwei@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TB332

Study on friction behaviors and wear mechanisms of carbon fiber reinforced composites under load and hygrothermal service conditions

Funds: National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFB3706501); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20240350); State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering (No. sklpme2024-1-09)
  • 摘要: 海洋工程结构用金属材料易产生锈蚀、磨损与疲劳等不可逆损伤,严重降低结构的服役寿命与安全储备。碳纤维增强环氧树脂(CFRP)复合材料具有较高的比强度/模量,尤其在高载、冲刷、高温、高湿等湿热服役工况下具有优异耐摩擦与抗磨损性能,作为工程材料有望大幅度提高海洋工程结构服役寿命。本文中,研究了CFRP力学性能以及在不同施加荷载、滑动速率、服役温度以及水润滑等湿热服役工况下摩擦行为与磨损机制。研究发现,基于真空灌注工艺,CFRP板破坏断口显示纤维被树脂紧紧包裹,并没有出现纤维团聚及纤维布分层现象。CFRP摩擦磨损性能对荷载最敏感,因为切向位移使得摩擦副界面产生较大剪切应力;服役温度第二;滑动速率第三;水润滑影响最小,归因于水分子增加了对磨面距离,缓解了磨损程度。与500 g相比,负载2000 g试样磨损速率和划痕宽度分别增加了155.9%和111.0%,归因于高负载工况使得纤维/树脂界面发生脱粘损伤,并引发严重分层磨损;与室温相比,100 ℃和120 ℃服役温度下CFRP磨损速率分别增加了72.5%和109.2%,归因于高温服役工况使得环氧树脂从玻璃态变为高弹态,引发过度塑性变形,最终使得CFRP发生明显疲劳磨损。此外,滑动速率和水润滑工况对CFRP摩擦系数影响不明显(小于20%),尤其60 ℃水润滑下其摩擦系数仅波动了13.4%,这是因为水分子的润滑功能和散热作用减少了摩擦程度,仅发生轻微的磨粒磨损;120 mm/s速率下CFRP磨损速率较60 mm/s增加了77.9%,归因于较大速率差使得CFRP表面和亚表面变形不一致,导致粘着磨损发生。

     

  • 图  1  真空辅助树脂注射成型工艺示意图

    Figure  1.  Vacuum assisted resin injection molding process diagram

    图  2  往复式摩擦磨损试验机照片

    Figure  2.  Picture of reciprocating friction and wear tester

    图  3  环氧树脂和碳纤维增强复合材料力学性能

    Figure  3.  Mechanical properties of epoxy resin and carbon fiber reinforced composites

    图  4  短梁剪切断口形貌

    Figure  4.  Shear fracture morphologies of short beams

    图  5  施加荷载对CFRP摩擦系数和磨损速率的影响

    Figure  5.  Effects of applied loads on COFs and wear rate of CFRP

    图  6  不同荷载作用下CFRP表面划痕

    Figure  6.  CFRP surface scratches under different loads

    图  7  滑动速率对碳纤维增强环氧树脂(CFRP)摩擦系数和磨损速率的影响

    Figure  7.  Effects of sliding rate on COFs and wear rate of Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin (CFRP)

    图  8  不同滑动速率作用下CFRP表面划痕

    Figure  8.  CFRP surface scratches under different sliding rates

    图  9  服役温度对CFRP摩擦系数和磨损速率的影响

    Figure  9.  Effects of serviced temperature on COFs and wear rate of CFRP

    图  10  不同服役温度作用下CFRP表面划痕及其磨痕轮廓

    Figure  10.  CFRP surface scratches and abrasion profiles under different serviced temperatures

    图  11  水润滑对CFRP摩擦系数和磨损速率的影响

    Figure  11.  Effects of water lubrication on COFs and wear rate of CFRP

    图  12  不同温度水润滑作用下CFRP表面划痕

    Figure  12.  CFRP surface scratches under water lubrication at different temperatures

    图  13  CFRP在几种最恶劣工况服役条件下的磨损形貌比较

    Figure  13.  Comparison of worn morphologies of CFRP under each of the most severe service conditions

    表  1  不同磨损服役工况下CFRP的热力学性能

    Table  1.   Thermodynamic properties of CFRP under different wear service conditions

    Service conditions Tg/℃ Storage modulus/MPa Loss modulus/MPa Loss factor
    Pre-service 137.40(±1.68) 36358 11434 0.3145
    2000 g load 131.93(±1.24) 32431 7135 0.2245
    120 mm/s rate 134.51(±2.46) 34632 9129 0.2636
    120℃ temperature 138.14(±2.45) 37542 10752 0.2864
    95℃ water lubrication 136.85(±1.24) 35214 9665 0.2745
    Note: Tg—Glass transition temperature.
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-08-20
  • 修回日期:  2024-09-08
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