氧化铝陶瓷增韧的研究进展

张月林; 许如意; 姜如; 朱中华; 柴一峰

氧化铝陶瓷增韧的研究进展

张月林^{1, 2},
许如意^{1, 2},
姜如^{1, 2, ,},
朱中华^{1, 2},
柴一峰^{1, 2}

1.
湖南科技大学　物理与电子科学学院, 湘潭 411201
2.
湖南科技大学　智能传感器与新型传感材料湖南省重点实验室, 湘潭 411201

基金项目: 湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(23B0482)；湖南省教育厅重点项目(23A0355)

详细信息

通讯作者:
姜如，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃复合材料　E-mail: 1080087@hnust.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
计量
- 文章访问数: 89
- HTML全文浏览量: 31
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-23
- 修回日期: 2024-03-03
- 录用日期: 2024-03-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-20

Research progress on toughening of alumina ceramic

ZHANG Yuelin^{1, 2},
XU Ruyi^{1, 2},
JIANG Ru^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHU Zhonghua^{1, 2},
CHAI Yifeng^{1, 2}

1.
School of Physics and Electronic Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and Advanced Sensing Materials of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China

Funds: Excellent Youth (23B0482) of Hunan Education Department; Major Program (23A0355) of Hunan Education Department

摘要

摘要: 作为研究最早和应用最广泛的陶瓷材料之一，氧化铝(Al₂O₃)陶瓷具有高强高硬、耐高温、耐磨损、耐腐蚀等许多优异特性，已在国防工业、航空航天以及生物医疗等领域得到了广泛应用。然而，固有的脆性极大地限制了Al₂O₃陶瓷在众多领域中的进一步应用。增韧始终是陶瓷材料研究中的一个核心研究课题，引入增韧相材料是提高陶瓷材料韧性的主要途径。本文首先简要概述了陶瓷材料的增韧机制，随即综述了Al₂O₃陶瓷增韧的最新研究现状，分析了增韧方法中存在的关键问题，展望了Al₂O₃陶瓷增韧的发展方向，以期为后续Al₂O₃陶瓷增韧的发展提供借鉴。
- Al₂O₃陶瓷 /
- 韧性 /
- 增韧相 /
- 增韧机制 /
- 综述
Abstract: As one of the earliest researched and most widely used ceramics, alumina (Al₂O₃) have many excellent properties, such as high strength and hardness, high-temperature resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, etc., and has been widely used in the fields of defense industry, aerospace and biomedicine. However, the inherent brittleness greatly limits the further application of Al₂O₃ ceramic in many fields. Toughening has always been a core research topic in the study of ceramic materials, and the introduction of toughened phase materials is the main way to improve the toughness of ceramic materials. In this paper, the toughening mechanism of ceramic materials is briefly summarized, and then the latest research status of Al₂O₃ ceramic toughening is reviewed, the key problems existing in the toughening method are analyzed, and the development direction of Al₂O₃ ceramic toughening is prospected, in order to provide reference for the subsequent development of Al₂O₃ ceramic toughening.
- Al₂O₃ ceramic /
- toughness /
- toughening phase /
- toughening mechanism /
- review

HTML全文

图 1 结构材料的内在韧化和外在韧化机制^[9]

Figure 1. Intrinsic and extrinsic toughening mechanisms of structural materials^[9]

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图 2 颗粒增韧Al₂O₃复合材料的增韧机制示意图^[4]

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of toughening mechanism of particle toughened Al₂O₃ composites^[4]

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图 3 近十年来不同颗粒增韧Al₂O₃复合材料的断裂韧性

Figure 3. Fracture toughness of Al₂O₃ composites toughened with different particles in the last decade

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图 4 TiC/Ti/Al₂O₃复合材料表面裂纹的传播路径：(a)裂纹偏转和穿晶断裂，(b) Ti颗粒引起的裂纹桥联和(c) TiC颗粒引起的桥联^[14]；(d) Sm₂O₃/Ti/Al₂O₃复合材料的断裂韧性^[38]

Figure 4. The propagation pathways of cracks introduced on the surface of TiC/Ti/Al₂O₃ composite: (a) Crack deflection and transgranular fracture, (b) Ti particle-induced crack bridging and (c) TiC particle-induced crack bridging^[14]; (d) Fracture toughness of Sm₂O₃/Ti/Al₂O₃ composites^[38]

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图 5 (a)塑性马氏体相变抑制裂纹传播示意图^[42]；(b) ZTA复合材料在裂纹萌发和扩展过程中的增韧机制(黄色颗粒表示四方相ZrO₂，颜色变为红色表示向单斜相转化，箭头表示相变导致的压应力区域)^[43]

Figure 5. (a) Schematic diagram of plastic martensite transformation Inhibiting the crack propagation^[42]; (b) Toughening mechanism in ZTA composites at crack initiation and propagation (Yellow particles represent tetragonal zirconia, Color change to red indicates monoclinic phase transformation. Arrows show the region of compressive stresses due to phase transformation)^[43]

t-ZrO₂−Tetragonal zirconia; m-ZrO₂−Monoclinic zirconia

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图 6 单体Al₂O₃陶瓷及ZTA复合材料的硬度和断裂韧性

Figure 6. Hardness and fracture toughness of the Al₂O₃ ceramic and ZTA composite

ZTAX−The content of zirconia in ZTA is Xwt%

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图 7 含不同稳定剂的ZTA复合材料力学性能

Figure 7. Mechanical properties of ZTA composites including different stabilizers

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图 8 晶须增韧Al₂O₃复合材料的增韧机制示意图：(a)裂纹偏转，(b)晶须桥联，(c)晶须拔出，(d)微裂纹传播^[67]

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of toughening mechanism of whisker toughened Al₂O₃ composites: (a) Crack deflection, (b) Whisker bridging, (c) Whisker pull-out, (d) Microcrack propagation^[67]

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图 9 SiC_w/Al₂O₃-YAG复合材料裂纹路径^[68]

Figure 9. Crack path of SiC_w/Al₂O₃-YAG composites^[68]

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图 10 (a)纤维喷涂-层铺工艺和(b)手动层铺工艺制备的Al₂O_3,sf/Al₂O₃复合材料的微观结构^[74-75]

Figure 10. Microstructure of Al₂O_3,sf/Al₂O₃ composites prepared by (a) fiber spraying-laminating process and (b) hand lay-up process^[74-75]

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图 11 (a)陶瓷基复合材料(CMCs)的增韧机制示意图^[67]；Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃复合材料的(b)弯曲应力-位移曲线和((c),(d))断口形貌^[78]

Figure 11. (a) Schematic diagram of toughening mechanism of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs)^[67]; (b) Flexural stress-displacement curves and ((c),(d)) Fracture surface of the Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃ composites^[78]

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图 12 (a) NGAC的制备流程示意图；(b) NGAC的载荷-位移曲线；(c)PAC的裂纹传播路径；(d)RGAC的裂纹传播路径；(e)NGAC的裂纹传播路径(NGAC增韧机制：(f)裂纹偏转(绿色箭头)，分支(黄色箭头)，石墨烯拔出(红色圆圈)，(g)界面摩擦(蓝色箭头)和(h)裂纹桥联(红色箭头))^[82]

Figure 12. (a) Schematic diagram of preparation process for NGAC; (b) Load-displacement curve of NGAC; (c) Crack propagation path in PAC, (d) Crack propagation path in RGAC; (e) Crack propagation path in NGAC (Toughening mechanisms of NGAC including: (f) crack deflection (green arrow), bifurcation (yellow arrow) and pull-out of graphene (red cycle), (g) interfacial friction (blue arrow) and (h) crack bridging (red arrow))^[82]

G−Graphene; PAC−Pure alumina ceramic; RGAC−Random distributed Graphene/alumina composites;NGAC−Nacre-like Graphene/alumina composites

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图 13 MWCNT/Al₂O₃复合材料的不同增韧机制：(a)晶粒桥联；(b) MWCNT拔出和桥联；(c) MWCNT拔出和(d)裂纹偏转和MWCNT桥联^[94]；((e),(f)) MWCNT/Al₂O₃复合材料的断裂韧性和硬度^[95-97]

Figure 13. Different toughening mechanisms of MWCNT/Al₂O₃ composites: (a) grain bridging; (b) MWCNT pull-out and bridging; (c) MWCNT pull-out and (d) crack deflection and MWCNT bridging^[94]; ((e),(f)) Fracture toughness and Hardness of the MWCNT/Al₂O₃ composites^[95-97]

MWCNT−Multi-walled carbon nanotube

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图 14 ((a),(b))TiC_np和SiC_w协同增韧Al₂O₃复合材料的断口形貌^[103]

Figure 14. ((a),(b)) Fracture surface of TiC_np and SiC_w synergistically toughened Al₂O₃ composites^[103]

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图 15 ((a),(b))添加 6.0wt% CaZrO₃的Ni/Al₂O₃复合材料的断口形貌；(c) CaZrO₃对Ni/Al₂O₃复合材料弯曲强度、断裂韧性和硬度的影响^[111]

Figure 15. ((a),(b)) Fracture surface for Ni/Al₂O₃ composites with 6.0wt% CaZrO₃ added; (c) Effects of CaZrO₃ on the flexural strength, fracture toughness and hardness of Ni/Al₂O₃ composite^[111]

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图 16 ((a),(b))SiC@石墨烯(SiC@G)的核壳结构；SiC@G/Al₂O₃复合材料的不同增韧机制：(c)裂纹分支，(d)裂纹桥联，(e)核壳结构导致的裂纹偏转和(f)裂纹偏转和穿晶断裂^[114]

Figure 16. ((a),(b)) The core-shell structure of SiC@graphene(SiC@G); Different toughening mechanisms of SiC@G/Al₂O₃ composites: (c) crack branching, (d) crack bridging, (e) crack deflection caused by core-shell structure and (f) crack deflection and transgranular fracture^[114]

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图 17 石墨烯纳米片(GNPs)和纳米ZrO₂协同增韧Al₂O₃-Ti(C,N)复合材料不同的增韧机制：(a) GNPs拔出，(b)穿晶断裂，(c)沿晶断裂和(d) 3D裂纹偏转；(e) GNPs和纳米ZrO₂的协同增韧机制示意图：(m)GNPs拔出和(n)裂纹桥联^[117]；(f) Al₂O₃纳米复合材料中的断裂韧性变化^[118-119]

Figure 17. Different Toughening Mechanisms for Synergistic Toughening of Al₂O₃-Ti(C,N) Composites by Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) and Nano-ZrO₂: (a) pull-out of GNPs, (b) transgranular fracture, (c) intragranular fracture and (d) 3 D crack deflection; (e) Schematic diagram of the synergistic toughening mechanism of GNPs and nano-ZrO₂: (m) pull-out of GNPs and (n) crack bridging^[117]; (f) Fracture toughness variations in Al₂O₃ nanocomposites^[118-119]

SENB−Single edge notched beam; DCM−Direct crack measurement

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表 1 GO/GNPs增韧Al₂O₃复合材料的力学性能

Table 1. Mechanical properties of GO/GNPs toughened Al₂O₃ composites

Composites	Hardness/ GPa	Fracture toughness/ (MPa·m^1/2)	Ref.
Al₂O₃/GNPs	19.6	6.2	[85]
	18.6	4.5	[86]
	/	6.6	[87]
	18.4	5.7	[88]
Al₂O₃/GO	19.0	5.4	[89]
	/	7.7	[90]
	/	6.7	[91]
Notes: GO−Graphene Oxide; GNPs−Graphene Nanoplatelets

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