Progress of biomass materials in triboelectric flexible sensors
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摘要: 生物质摩擦电柔性传感器是以易降解、生物相容性好的生物质材料为基材，由正负摩擦层组成，不需要外接电源的柔性传感器，其具有便捷灵活、灵敏、可再生等特点，在人体运动监测、医疗健康、软体机器人等领域得到了全面的发展。本文首先介绍了基于不同供电原理的自供电柔性传感器的分类，包括压电型自供电柔性传感器、热电型自供电柔性传感器、摩擦电型自供电柔性传感器以及光电型自供电柔性传感器，其中重点介绍摩擦电型；进一步综述了各类生物质材料在摩擦电柔性传感器中的研究，包括纤维素、壳聚糖、木质素、海藻酸钠、胶原纤维等；然后讨论了摩擦电柔性传感器的结构类型，如水凝胶型、气凝胶型、薄膜型。最后对生物质摩擦电柔性传感器的材料选择、设计类型、附加性能和应用前景等进行了展望。Abstract: Biomass friction electric flexible sensors are flexible sensors based on easily degradable and biocompatible biomass materials, consisting of positive and negative friction layers, and do not require external power supply, which are convenient, flexible, sensitive, renewable, etc., and have been comprehensively developed in the fields of human body movement monitoring, e-skinning and soft robotics. This paper firstly introduces the classification of self-powered flexible sensors based on different power supply principles, including piezoelectric self-powered flexible sensors, thermoelectric self-powered flexible sensors, friction electric self-powered flexible sensors and photoelectric self-powered flexible sensors, with a focus on the friction electric type. A further overview is given on the study of various types of biomass materials in friction electric flexible sensors, including cellulose, chitosan, lignin, sodium alginate and collagen fibres. Then the structure types of friction electric flexible sensors, such as hydrogel type, aerogel type, and film type, are discussed. Finally, the material selection, design types, additional properties and application prospects of biomass friction electric flexible sensors are prospected.
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Key words:
- self-powered /
- triboelectricity /
- biomass materials /
- flexible sensors /
- structure of sensors
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图 1 四种自供电柔性传感器的供电原理示意图：(a)压电型，(b)热电型，(c)光电型，(d)摩擦电型
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the power supply principle of four types of self-powered flexible sensors: (a) piezoelectric, (b) Thermoelectric,(c) Photoelectric, (d) Triboelectric
图 3 (a)模拟砂纸模板示意图；(b)圆柱形阵列模板
Figure 3. (a) Schematic diagram of analogue sandpaper template;(b) Cylindrical array formwork
表 1 水凝胶、气凝胶、薄膜柔性传感器的优劣势对比图
Table 1. Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of hydrogel, aerogel and thin film flexible sensors
类型 优势 劣势 水凝胶 机械性能好(可拉伸、韧性) 易失水、持久性不佳、稳
定性差气凝胶 孔隙率高、密度低、质轻、导热率低 机械性能受限、制备工艺复杂 薄膜 灵活、制备简单 透气性、耐磨性不佳 
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