BN(h)含量对超声-脉冲电沉积Ni-P-WC-BN(h)镀层摩擦磨损性能的影响

刘泽昊; 康敏; 耿春雷

BN(h)含量对超声-脉冲电沉积Ni-P-WC-BN(h)镀层摩擦磨损性能的影响

南京农业大学　上工学院, 南京 210031

基金项目: 耕整地机械入土零件表面涂层制备及耐磨性能研究(XUEKEN2022016)

详细信息

通讯作者:
康敏，博士研究生，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为特种加工　E-mail: kangmin@njau.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB331
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- 文章访问数: 19
- HTML全文浏览量: 13
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-16
- 修回日期: 2024-08-28
- 录用日期: 2024-09-03
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-16

Effect of BN(h) content on the friction and wear properties of ultrasonic-pulse electrodeposited Ni-P-WC-BN(h) coatings

College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210031

Funds: Research on surface coating preparation and wear-resistant performance of soil-entry parts of tillage machinery (XUEKEN2022016)

摘要

摘要: 为改善材料表面硬度及减磨耐磨性能，利用超声-脉冲电沉积法在20CrMnTi表面制备Ni-P-WC-BN(h)纳米复合镀层，采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)研究镀层物相并估算晶粒大小，扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、显微硬度仪和激光显微镜等测量手段，分析Ni-P、Ni-P-WC及不同BN(h)浓度下Ni-P-WC-BN(h)纳米复合镀层的表面形貌、组织成分、显微硬度、减磨耐磨性能。结果表明：不同纳米颗粒浓度对复合镀层表面的组织结构有重要影响，纳米复合镀层表面呈现典型的包状结构，适宜浓度的二元纳米颗粒共沉积有效改善了镀层微观形貌。Ni-P-WC-BN(h)纳米复合镀层镀态硬度可达1156 HV₁，与Ni-P-WC纳米复合镀层相比，在保证Ni-P-WC纳米复合镀层镀态高硬度的同时，摩擦系数降低22.6%，具有更好的减磨耐磨性能。
- Ni-P-WC-BN(h)复合镀层 /
- 超声脉冲电沉积 /
- 硬度 /
- 减磨耐磨性 /
- 二元纳米颗粒
Abstract: In order to improve the surface hardness and wear reduction and abrasion resistance of the material, Ni-P-WC-BN(h) nanocomposite coatings were prepared on the surface of 20CrMnTi by using ultrasonic-pulsed electrodeposition method, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) was used to study the physical phase of the coatings and estimate the grain size, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy spectrum analyzer (EDS), microhardness tester, and laser microscope were used to analyze the surface morphology, tissue composition, microhardness, and wear reduction performance of Ni-P, Ni-P-WC, and Ni-P-WC-BN(h) nanocomposite coatings with different BN(h) concentrations. The results show that different nanoparticle concentrations have important effects on the organization of the composite coating surface, the surface of the nanocomposite coating shows a typical package structure, and the co-deposition of binary nanoparticles with appropriate concentrations effectively improves the coating microscopic morphology.The hardness of Ni-P-WC-BN(h) nanocomposite coating in the plated state can be up to 1156 HV₁, which is comparable to that of the Ni-P-WC nanocomposite coating in terms of guaranteeing the micro hardness of Ni-P-WC nanocomposite coating and its wear-resistance. Compared with Ni-P-WC nanocomposite coating, the coefficient of friction is reduced by 22.6% while ensuring the high hardness of Ni-P-WC nanocomposite coating in the plated state, which has better wear reduction and abrasion resistance.
- Ni-P-WC-BN(h) composite coating /
- Ultrasonic pulsed ele^[1]ctrodeposition /
- Hardness /
- Wear reduction and abrasion resistance /
- Binary nanoparticles

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图 1 电沉积装置简图

Figure 1. Sketch of electrodeposition unit

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图 2 复合镀层表面SEM图像 (a) Ni-P,(b)Ni-P-WC,(c₁)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L),(c₂) Ni-P-WC-BN(h) (20 g/L),(c₃) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L),(c₄) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

Figure 2. SEM image of composite plated surface (a)Ni-P,(b)Ni-P-WC,(c₁)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L),(c₂) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(20 g/L),(c₃) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L),(c₄) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

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图 3 复合镀层截面SEM图像及截面元素分布 (a)Ni-P,(b)Ni-P-WC,(c₁)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L),(c₂) Ni-P-WC-BN(h) (20 g/L),(c₃) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L),(c₄) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

Figure 3. SEM image of composite plating cross-section and section element distribution (a)Ni-P,(b)Ni-P-WC,(c₁)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L),(c₂) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(20 g/L),(c₃) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L),(c₄) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

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图 4 复合镀层表面元素分布 (a)Ni-P,(b)Ni-P-WC,(c₁)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L),(c₂) Ni-P-WC-BN(h) (20 g/L),(c₃) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L),(c₄) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

Figure 4. Composite plating surface element distribution (a)Ni-P,(b)Ni-P-WC,(c1)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L),(c2) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(20 g/L),(c3) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L),(c4) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

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图 5 Ni-P-WC-BN(h)复合镀层的EDS图谱 (a)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L),(b) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(20 g/L),(c) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L),(d) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

Figure 5. EDS patterns of Ni-P-WC-BN(h) composite coatings (a)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L),(b) Ni-P-WC-BN(h) (20 g/L),(c) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L),(d) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

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图 6 复合镀层的XRD图谱

Figure 6. XRD patterns of composite coatings

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图 7 不同复合镀层的显微硬度对比图

Figure 7. Comparison of microhardness of different composite coatings

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图 8 不同配方复合镀层对摩擦系数的影响

Figure 8. Effect of different formulations of composite coatings on the coefficient of friction

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图 9 复合镀层磨痕SEM(左)、磨痕形貌(中)、磨痕轮廓线(右)：(a)Ni-P (b)Ni-P-WC (c)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L) (d)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(20 g/L) (e)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L) (f)Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

Figure 9. SEM of composite plating wear marks (left), wear mark morphology (center), and wear mark contour lines (right): (a) Ni-P (b) Ni-P-WC (c) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L) (d) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(20 g/L) (e) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L) (f) Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)

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表 1 电沉积Ni-P镀液配方

Table 1. Formulation of electrodeposition Ni-P plating solution

Element	Concentration/(g·L⁻¹)
NiSO₄·6H₂O	230
NiCl₂·6H₂O	30
H₃PO₃	5
NaH₂PO₂·H₂O	8
NaC₆H₈O₇·H₂O	80
H₃BO₃	30
C₁₂H₂₅NaSO₄	0.1
SC(NH₂)₂	0.02
C₇H₅NO₃S	1

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表 2 不同复合镀层中Ni(111)元素的晶粒尺寸

Table 2. Grain size of Ni(111) elements in different composite coatings

Type of plating	2θ/(°)	FWHM	Diameter/nm
Ni-P	44.480	0.941	9.2
Ni-P-WC	44.670	0.848	10.2
Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L)	44.480	0.894	9.7
Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(20 g/L)	44.340	0.908	9.5
Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L)	44.660	0.968	8.9
Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)	44.710	0.677	12.8

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表 3 镀层磨损体积

Table 3. Plating wear volume

Type of plating	Wear volume /μm³
Ni-P	459553
Ni-P-WC	51945
Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(15 g/L)	256137
Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(20 g/L)	135765
Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(25 g/L)	53587
Ni-P-WC-BN(h)(30 g/L)	102966

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表 4 磨痕元素分布

Table 4. Distribution of abrasion elements

Area	Atomic fraction of an element at%
Area	Ni	O	P	Si	W	B	Au
1	75.01	14.08	5.15	2.71	—	—	2.34
2	90.1	—	6.4	—	—	—	3.49
3	23.16	70.39	1.49	—	2.87	—	1.28
4	84.64	2.48	3.43	—	6.14	—	3.31
5	56.59	31.00	3.36	1.35	5.41	0.35	1.93
6	63.12	4.00	3.58	—	3.13	23.59	2.60
7	37.49	53.33	2.07	1.16	3.40	0.76	1.79
8	37.68	52.95	2.56	1.06	4.05	0.2	1.50
9	66.25	9.97	4.38	0.01	4.05	14.04	1.29
10	72.42	15.68	3.59	0.15	5.63	0.13	2.42
11	58.76	7.96	3.03	0.11	4.56	20.69	4.88
12	46.65	27.96	1.23	4.89	4.47	8.99	5.82

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