热拉伸对三维编织聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

王静; 卢潇楠; 吕东阳; 焦亚男

热拉伸对三维编织聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

王静^{1, 2, ,},
卢潇楠^{1, 2},
吕东阳^{1, 2},
焦亚男^{1, 2}

1.
天津工业大学　纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
2.
天津工业大学　复合材料研究院先进纺织复合材料教育部重点实验室, 天津 300387

详细信息

通讯作者:
王静，博士，副研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为先进纺织复合材料　E-mail: jingwang@tiangong.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
计量
- 文章访问数: 107
- HTML全文浏览量: 58
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-06
- 修回日期: 2024-04-13
- 录用日期: 2024-04-21
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-24

Effect of hot drawing on the properties of Three-dimensional braided polylactic acid composites

WANG Jing^{1, 2
, ,},
LU Xiaonan^{1, 2},
LV Dongyang^{1, 2},
JIAO Yanan^{1, 2}

1.
School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite Materials, Institute of Composite Materials, Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387, China

摘要

摘要: 三维编织热塑性复合材料有着更易回收，生产周期短的特点。其中，聚乳酸(polylactic acid, PLA)的生物相容性较好，且成本较低，得到广泛关注。热压成型(hot pressing, HP)工艺有着较高的设计自由度，然而，采取HP工艺制备三维编织聚乳酸复合材料因模具合模时对预制体挤压，可能会破坏编织结构，造成纤维的分布不匀，破坏界面性能，导致力学性能下降。热拉伸成型工艺(hot drawing, HD)作为一种自增强技术，在HP工艺的基础上于三维编织预制体的轴向施以拉伸力，可以有效提高PLA的结晶度和复合材料的力学性能。本实验分别采取HD和HP两种成型工艺制备玻璃纤维(glass fiber, GF)增强PLA复合材料并进行测试，发现：HD复合材料较HP复合材料的剪切强度高出了33.03%，弯曲强度高出了26.92%，拉伸强度高出了39.67%，结晶度提高了20.03%，并略微提升热稳定性。热拉伸工艺促进了PLA分子晶体沿轴向有序排列和晶核的生长，使得PLA分子链排列更加简单，提高了PLA的结晶度，同时提高了复合材料的力学性能。结合宏观以及3D轮廓观察，发现HD工艺改善了编织结构遭到破坏的问题，保证了三维编织花节的完整性，GF纤维束排列有序，利于复合材料整体性能的提升。
- 热拉伸 /
- 热压成型 /
- 三维编织 /
- 聚乳酸 /
- 热塑性复合材料
Abstract: Three-dimensional braided thermoplastic composites are characterized by easier recycling and shorter production cycles. Among them, polylactic acid (PLA) has received wide attention for its better biocompatibility and lower cost. The hot pressing (HP) process has a high degree of design freedom, however, the adoption of the HP process for the preparation of Three-dimensional braided PLA composites may destroy the braided structure due to the extrusion of the preform during mold closure, resulting in the uneven distribution of the fibers, destroying the interfacial properties, and leading to the degradation of the mechanical properties. As a self-reinforcing technology, hot drawing (HD) can effectively improve the crystallinity of PLA and the mechanical properties of composites by applying a tensile force in the axial direction of the Three-dimensional braided preforms based on the HP process. In this experiment, the glass fiber (GF) reinforced PLA composites were prepared and tested by two molding processes, HD and HP, respectively, and it was found that: the shear strength of HD composites compared with HP composites was 33.03% higher, the bending strength was 26.92% higher, the tensile strength was 39.67% higher, and the degree of crystallinity was increased by 20.03%, and the thermal stability was slightly improved. improved thermal stability. The hot drawing process promoted the orderly arrangement of PLA molecular crystals along the axial direction and the growth of nuclei, which led to a simpler arrangement of PLA molecular chains and improved the crystallinity of PLA, as well as the mechanical properties of the composites. Combining macroscopic as well as 3D profile observation, it is found that the HD process improves the problem of damage to the braided structure, ensures the integrity of the Three-dimensional braided knots, and arranges the GF fiber bundles in an orderly manner, which is conducive to the improvement of the overall performance of the composites.
- hot drawing /
- hot pressing /
- Three-dimensional braiding /
- polylactic acid /
- thermoplastic composite

HTML全文

图 1 PLA纤维的DSC曲线

Figure 1. DSC curve of PLA fibers

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 热拉工艺成型模具

Figure 2. Hot-drawing process molding tooling

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 热拉工艺流程曲线图

Figure 3. Hot drawing process flow curves

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 热压工艺流程曲线图

Figure 4. Hot pressing process flow curves

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 热拉伸成型工艺(HD)和热压成型(HP)复合材料的剪切载荷位移曲线对比

Figure 5. Comparison of shear load displacement curves for hot drawing (HD) and hot pressing (HP) composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 HD和HP复合材料的剪切强度对比

Figure 6. Comparison of shear strength of HD and HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 HD和HP复合材料的弯曲载荷位移曲线对比

Figure 7. Comparison of bending load displacement curves for HD and HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 HD和HP复合材料的弯曲强度对比

Figure 8. Comparison of bending strength of HD and HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 HD和HP复合材料的拉伸载荷位移曲线对比

Figure 9. Comparison of tensile load displacement curves for HD and HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 HD和HP复合材料的拉伸强度对比

Figure 10. Comparison of tensile strength of HD and HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 HD和HP复合材料的DSC曲线对比

Figure 11. Comparison of DSC curves of HD and HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 HD和HP复合材料(a) TG, (b) DTG曲线对比

Figure 12. Comparison of (a) TG, (b) DTG curves of HD and HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 (a) HD和(b) HP复合材料的宏观形貌对比

Figure 13. Comparison of macroscopic morphology of (a) HD and (b) HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 HD复合材料的(a) 表面形貌，(b) 3D扫描轮廓图

Figure 14. (a) Surface morphology, (b) 3D scanning contour of HD composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 15 HP复合材料的(a) 表面形貌，(b) 3D扫描轮廓图

Figure 15. (a) Surface morphology, (b) 3D scanning contour of HP composites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	PUGLIA D, LUZI F, TORRE L. Preparation and Applications of Green Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Nanocomposites Based on Nanolignin[J]. Polymers. 2022, 14(24): 5470: 1-15.
[2]	CAMPOS B M, BOURBIGOT S, FONTAINE G, et al. Thermoplastic matrix-based composites produced by resin transfer molding : A review[J]. Polymer Composites. 2022, 43(5): 2485-2506.
[3]	ALSHAMMARI B A, ALSUHYBANI M S, ALMUSHAIKEH A M, et al. Comprehensive Review of the Properties and Modifications of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites[J]. Polymers. 2021, 13(15): 2474: 1-32.
[4]	ALMUSHAIKEH A M, ALASWAD S O, ALSUHYBANI M S, et al. Manufacturing of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics and its recovery of carbon fiber : A review[J]. Polymers Testing. 2023, 122, 108029: 1-19.
[5]	AN W L, WANG X L, LIU X H, et al. Chemical recovery of thermosetting unsaturated polyester resins[J]. Green Chemistry, 2022, 24(2): 701-712. doi: 10.1039/D1GC03724B
[6]	KORKMAZ M, OKUR A. The review about the numerical modelling and analysis of 3D woven fabrics[J]. Journal of the Textile Institute, 2022, 114(3): 496-522.
[7]	GRIES T, BETTERMANN I, BLAUROCK C, et al. Aachen Technology Overview of 3D Textile Materials and Recent Innovation and Applications[J]. Applied Composite Materials, 2022, 29(1): 43-64. doi: 10.1007/s10443-022-10011-w
[8]	李紫伦, 杨安坤, 覃小红, 等. 三维编织玻璃纤维/环氧树脂复合材料薄壁管轴向压缩性能的温度效应[J]. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(10): 5588-5600. LI Zilun, YANG Ankun, QIN Xiaohong, et al. Temperature effect on axial compressive properties of three-dimensional glass fiber/epoxy resin braided composite thin-walled tubes[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(10): 5588-5600(in Chinese).
[9]	GU Q J, QUAN Z Z, SHEN M D, et al. Fabrication and braiding angle effect on the improved interlaminar shear performances of 3D braided sandwich hybrid composites[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr& T, 2023, 25: 5795-5806.
[10]	ZHANG D, ZHENG X T, WANG Z B, et al. Effects of braiding architectures on damage resistance and damage tolerance behaviors of 3D braided composites[J]. Composite Structures, 2020, 232,111565: 1-24.
[11]	KANAKANNAVAR S, PITCHAIMANI J, RAMESH M R. Tribological behaviour of natural fibre 3D braided woven fabric reinforced PLA composites[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J-Journal of Engineering Tribology, 2021, 235(7): 1353-1364. doi: 10.1177/1350650120954949
[12]	俞锐晨, 姜金华, 朱晓锦, 等. 航空发动机复合材料叶片先进制造技术研究进展[J]. 科技导报. 2023, 41(05): 27-33. YU Haochen, JIANG Jinhua, ZHU Xiaojin, et al Research Progress on Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Aero-engine Composite Blades[J]. Science& Technology Review, 2023, 41(05): 27-33(in Chinese).
[13]	EL-DESSOUKY H M, LIU B, SALEH M N, et al. Co-woven carbon and nylon fibres for manufacturing thermoplastic composite plaques[J]. 2Nd Cirp Conference On Composite Material Parts Manufacturing, 2019, 85: 272-276.
[14]	MA J, XUE Y Z B, LIANG X Y, et al. Bi-directional regulatable mechanical properties of 3D braided Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)[J]. Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications, 2019, 103,109811: 1-9.
[15]	GHAEDSHARAF M, BRUNEL J, LEBEL L L. Multiscale numerical simulation of the forming process of biaxial braids during thermoplastic braid-trusion: Predicting 3D and internal geometry and fiber orientation distribution[J]. Composites Part a-Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2021, 150: 106637: 1-15.
[16]	WU S H, LIU J, CAI J Y, et al. Combining electrospinning with hot drawing process to fabricate high performance poly (L-lactic acid) nanofiber yarns for advanced nanostructured bio-textiles[J]. Biofabrication. 2021, 13(4): 045018: 1-17.
[17]	DEBBABI F, ABDESSALEM S B. Impact of hot-stretching treatment on physical and mechanical properties of braided polyamide suture[J]. Textile Research Journal, 2016, 86(7): 696-709. doi: 10.1177/0040517514566108
[18]	CAI H, MENG J, LI X, et al. In vitro degradation behavior of Mg wire/poly ( lactic acid ) composite rods prepared by hot pressing and hot drawing[J]. Acta Biomaterialia, 2019, 98: 125-141. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.059
[19]	HUANG T, WANG Y L, WANG G. Review of the Mechanical Properties of a 3D Woven Composite and Its Applications[J]. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 2018, 57(8): 740-756. doi: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1344857
[20]	American Society for Testing Materials. Standard test method for short beam shear strength of polymer matrix composites and their laminates: ASTM/D 2344-2016[S]. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing Materials, 2016.
[21]	American Society for Testing Materials. Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials: ASTM/D 7264-2015[S]. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing Materials, 2015.
[22]	American Society for Testing Materials. Standard test method for tensile properties of polymer matrix composite materials: ASTM/D 3039[S]. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing Materials, 2017.
[23]	KASHIF M, HAMDANI S T, ZUBAIR M, et al. Effect of interlocking pattern on short beam strength of 3D woven composites[J]. Journal of Composite Materials, 2018, 53(20): 2789-2799.
[24]	LI Z X, GUO L C, ZHANG L, et al. In situ experimental investigation on the out-plane damage evolution of 3D woven carbon-fiber reinforced composites[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2018, 162: 101-109. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.04.024
[25]	ZHU L, LYU L, ZHANG X, et al. Bending Properties of Zigzag-Shaped 3D Woven Spacer Composites: Experiment and FEM Simulation[J]. Materials, 2019, 12(7): 1075. doi: 10.3390/ma12071075
[26]	LI P, MA J, HE L, et al. Pultrusion preparation and properties of continuous glass fiber reinforced polylactic acid thermoplastic composites[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 2023, 140(33): e54292: 1-15.
[27]	YILMAZ E, ALTAS S. Development of 3D hollow woven fabrics with superior mechanical properties by using nitinol and steel wire core hybrid yarns[J]. Journal of Industrial Textiles. 2023, 53: 1528083720968833: 1-38.
[28]	JAYSWAL A, ADANUR S. Characterization of PLA/TPU composite filaments manufactured for 3D printing with FDM[J]. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 2023, 36(4): 1450-1471. doi: 10.1177/08927057211062561
[29]	JAYSWAL A, ADANUR S. Effect of heat treatment on crystallinity and mechanical properties of flexible structures 3D printed with fused deposition modeling[J]. Journal of Industrial Textiles, 2022, 51(2S): 2616S-2641S.
[30]	ZHANG M, SUN S, LIU J, et al. Recycling polypropylene from non-woven disposable masks in developing a three-dimensional printing filament[J]. Textile Research Journal, 2023, 93(11-12): 2789-2808. doi: 10.1177/00405175221147722