热拉伸对三维编织聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

王静; 卢潇楠; 吕东阳; 焦亚男

热拉伸对三维编织聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

王静^{1, 2, ,},
卢潇楠^{1, 2},
吕东阳^{1, 2},
焦亚男^{1, 2}

1.
天津工业大学　纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
2.
天津工业大学　复合材料研究院先进纺织复合材料教育部重点实验室, 天津 300387

详细信息

通讯作者:
王静，博士，副研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为先进纺织复合材料　E-mail: jingwang@tiangong.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
计量
- 文章访问数: 75
- HTML全文浏览量: 39
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-06
- 修回日期: 2024-04-13
- 录用日期: 2024-04-21
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-24

Effect of hot drawing on the properties of Three-dimensional braided polylactic acid composites

WANG Jing^{1, 2
, ,},
LU Xiaonan^{1, 2},
LV Dongyang^{1, 2},
JIAO Yanan^{1, 2}

1.
School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite Materials, Institute of Composite Materials, Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387, China

摘要

摘要: 三维编织热塑性复合材料有着更易回收，生产周期短的特点。其中，聚乳酸(polylactic acid, PLA)的生物相容性较好，且成本较低，得到广泛关注。热压成型(hot pressing, HP)工艺有着较高的设计自由度，然而，采取HP工艺制备三维编织聚乳酸复合材料因模具合模时对预制体挤压，可能会破坏编织结构，造成纤维的分布不匀，破坏界面性能，导致力学性能下降。热拉伸成型工艺(hot drawing, HD)作为一种自增强技术，在HP工艺的基础上于三维编织预制体的轴向施以拉伸力，可以有效提高PLA的结晶度和复合材料的力学性能。本实验分别采取HD和HP两种成型工艺制备玻璃纤维(glass fiber, GF)增强PLA复合材料并进行测试，发现：HD复合材料较HP复合材料的剪切强度高出了33.03%，弯曲强度高出了26.92%，拉伸强度高出了39.67%，结晶度提高了20.03%，并略微提升热稳定性。热拉伸工艺促进了PLA分子晶体沿轴向有序排列和晶核的生长，使得PLA分子链排列更加简单，提高了PLA的结晶度，同时提高了复合材料的力学性能。结合宏观以及3D轮廓观察，发现HD工艺改善了编织结构遭到破坏的问题，保证了三维编织花节的完整性，GF纤维束排列有序，利于复合材料整体性能的提升。
- 热拉伸 /
- 热压成型 /
- 三维编织 /
- 聚乳酸 /
- 热塑性复合材料
Abstract: Three-dimensional braided thermoplastic composites are characterized by easier recycling and shorter production cycles. Among them, polylactic acid (PLA) has received wide attention for its better biocompatibility and lower cost. The hot pressing (HP) process has a high degree of design freedom, however, the adoption of the HP process for the preparation of Three-dimensional braided PLA composites may destroy the braided structure due to the extrusion of the preform during mold closure, resulting in the uneven distribution of the fibers, destroying the interfacial properties, and leading to the degradation of the mechanical properties. As a self-reinforcing technology, hot drawing (HD) can effectively improve the crystallinity of PLA and the mechanical properties of composites by applying a tensile force in the axial direction of the Three-dimensional braided preforms based on the HP process. In this experiment, the glass fiber (GF) reinforced PLA composites were prepared and tested by two molding processes, HD and HP, respectively, and it was found that: the shear strength of HD composites compared with HP composites was 33.03% higher, the bending strength was 26.92% higher, the tensile strength was 39.67% higher, and the degree of crystallinity was increased by 20.03%, and the thermal stability was slightly improved. improved thermal stability. The hot drawing process promoted the orderly arrangement of PLA molecular crystals along the axial direction and the growth of nuclei, which led to a simpler arrangement of PLA molecular chains and improved the crystallinity of PLA, as well as the mechanical properties of the composites. Combining macroscopic as well as 3D profile observation, it is found that the HD process improves the problem of damage to the braided structure, ensures the integrity of the Three-dimensional braided knots, and arranges the GF fiber bundles in an orderly manner, which is conducive to the improvement of the overall performance of the composites.
- hot drawing /
- hot pressing /
- Three-dimensional braiding /
- polylactic acid /
- thermoplastic composite

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图 1 PLA纤维的DSC曲线

Figure 1. DSC curve of PLA fibers

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图 2 热拉工艺成型模具

Figure 2. Hot-drawing process molding tooling

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图 3 热拉工艺流程曲线图

Figure 3. Hot drawing process flow curves

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图 4 热压工艺流程曲线图

Figure 4. Hot pressing process flow curves

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图 5 热拉伸成型工艺(HD)和热压成型(HP)复合材料的剪切载荷位移曲线对比

Figure 5. Comparison of shear load displacement curves for hot drawing (HD) and hot pressing (HP) composites

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图 6 HD和HP复合材料的剪切强度对比

Figure 6. Comparison of shear strength of HD and HP composites

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图 7 HD和HP复合材料的弯曲载荷位移曲线对比

Figure 7. Comparison of bending load displacement curves for HD and HP composites

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图 8 HD和HP复合材料的弯曲强度对比

Figure 8. Comparison of bending strength of HD and HP composites

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图 9 HD和HP复合材料的拉伸载荷位移曲线对比

Figure 9. Comparison of tensile load displacement curves for HD and HP composites

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图 10 HD和HP复合材料的拉伸强度对比

Figure 10. Comparison of tensile strength of HD and HP composites

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图 11 HD和HP复合材料的DSC曲线对比

Figure 11. Comparison of DSC curves of HD and HP composites

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图 12 HD和HP复合材料(a) TG, (b) DTG曲线对比

Figure 12. Comparison of (a) TG, (b) DTG curves of HD and HP composites

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图 13 (a) HD和(b) HP复合材料的宏观形貌对比

Figure 13. Comparison of macroscopic morphology of (a) HD and (b) HP composites

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图 14 HD复合材料的(a) 表面形貌，(b) 3D扫描轮廓图

Figure 14. (a) Surface morphology, (b) 3D scanning contour of HD composites

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图 15 HP复合材料的(a) 表面形貌，(b) 3D扫描轮廓图

Figure 15. (a) Surface morphology, (b) 3D scanning contour of HP composites

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