面向分子筛分的MXene层状纳滤膜的研究进展

刘荣; 徐泽海; 张国亮

面向分子筛分的MXene层状纳滤膜的研究进展

浙江工业大学　膜分离与水科学技术研究院, 杭州 310014

基金项目: 浙江省重点研发项目(No.2021C0316)；国家重点研发计划项目(No.2022YFB3804801)

详细信息

通讯作者:
徐泽海，副研究员，硕士生导师，研究方向为膜分离。　E-mail：xuzehai520@163.com

中图分类号: TQ028；TB333
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- 文章访问数: 62
- HTML全文浏览量: 28
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-05
- 修回日期: 2024-07-10
- 录用日期: 2024-08-03
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-24

Development of MXene layered nanofiltration membrane for molecular sieving

Center for Membrane and Water Science & Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China

Funds: Key research and development project of Zhejiang Province (No.2021C0316); National key research and development plan project of China (No.2022YFB3804801)

摘要

摘要: MXene是一类新型的二维过渡金属碳/氮化物材料，具有特殊的二维结构和优异的物化性质，如亲水性、抗菌性等，已被研究者们应用于高性能分离膜的构建，在众多分离体系中表现出良好的应用前景。不同于以往对MXene基分离膜的综述，本文从层间复合材料类型和维度的视角出发，对MXene层状复合纳滤膜的研究进展进行总结，凝练出亟待解决的关键问题，为推动该领域的进一步发展提供指引。本文首先讨论了基于MXene的层状复合纳滤膜在实际分离应用中的基本要求，总结了不同类型和维度的纳米材料与MXene进行层间复合的研究进展，阐述了具有所需微观结构和多组分特性的MXene层状复合纳滤膜的设计策略。在此基础上，进一步介绍了MXene层状复合纳滤膜在海水淡化和废水处理等领域中的应用前景。最后，对MXene的层状复合纳滤膜所面临的挑战进行了分析，并概述了未来的研究和发展方向。
- MXene /
- 膜 /
- 复合材料 /
- 纳滤 /
- 分子筛分
Abstract: MXene, as a new class of two-dimensional transition metal carbide/nitride materials, is rapidly emerging. Due to its unique two-dimensional structure and excellent physicochemical properties such as hydrophilicity, antibacterial properties, MXene materials are widely used in constructing high-performance separation membranes and show promising prospects in various separation systems. Unlike previous reviews on MXene-based separation membranes, this article summarizes the research progress on MXene layered composite nanofiltration membranes from the perspective of the types and dimensions of interlayer composite materials, highlighting key issues that need to be addressed to further advance the field. This article first discusses the challenges faced by MXene-based layered composite membranes in nanofiltration and the basic requirements for practical separation applications. By using different type and dimensional nanomaterials for interlayer composites with MXene, the design strategies for MXene layered nanofiltration composite membranes with desired microstructure and multicomponent characteristics are briefly summarized. On this basis, it further introduces the broad application prospects of MXene layered composite membranes in nanofiltration, including seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. Finally, the challenges faced by MXene layered composite nanofiltration membranes are analyzed, and the future research and development directions are outlined.
- MXene /
- membranes /
- composites /
- nanofiltration /
- molecular sieving

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图 1 MXene层状复合纳滤膜设计策略

Figure 1. Design strategy of MXene layered nanofiltration composite membrane

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图 2 (a)不同MXene的结构图和(b)用于合成MXene的元素周期表^[19]

Figure 2. (a) Structural diagram of the different MXene and(b) periodic table of the elements used to synthesize the MXene^[19]

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图 3 (a)不同氨基酸交联的MXene层状膜^[27]；(b) MXene-PEI层状膜的制备过程^[29]

Figure 3. (a) MXene layered membrane crosslinked with different amino acids^[27]; (b) Preparation process of MXene-PEI layered membrane^[29]

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图 4 MXene层状复合纳滤膜：(a)零维颗粒^[31]；(b)一维纳米材料^[33]；(c)二维纳米材料^[39]

Figure 4. Interlayer composite MXene nanofilter membrane: (a) Zero-dimensional particles^[31]; (b) One-dimensional nanomaterial^[33]; (c) Two-dimensional nanomaterial^[39]

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图 5 MXene层状纳滤膜的分离机制：(a)孔径筛分；(b)静电排斥；(c)吸附作用

Figure 5. Separation mechanism of MXene layered nanofiltration membrane: (a) Pore size sieving; (b) Electrostatic exclusion; (c) Adsorption

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图 6 (a) MXene层状膜的制备^[45]；羧化纤维素纳米纤维交联的MXene层状膜的制备^[46]

Figure 6. (a) Preparation of MXene layered membrane ^[45]; Preparation of MXene layered membrane crosslinked with carboxylated cellulose nanofibers^[46]

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图 7 (a)表面带正电的MXene膜的分离机制^[47]；(b) MXene层状膜的分离机制^[49]

Figure 7. (a) Separation mechanism of positively charged MXene membrane on the surface^[47]; (b) Separation mechanism of MXene layered membrane^[49]

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图 8 (a)金属多酚MXene膜的分离机制和(b)纳滤性能^[53]

Figure 8. (a) Separation mechanism of metal polyphenol MXene membrane and (b) nanofiltration properties ^[53]

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图 9 (a)狭缝式涂布法制造MXene膜的示意图^[58];(b)Meyer棒状涂布法制造 MXene 膜的示意图^[59]

Figure 9. (a) Schematic diagram of fabricating MXene membranes via slot-die coating .^[58]; (b) Schematic diagram of fabricating MXene membranes via Meyer rod-coating.^[59]

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表 1 MXene基纳滤膜的应用

Table 1. Application of MXene-based nanofiltration membrane

Application	Membrane	Design strategy	Permeance/ (L·m⁻²·h⁻¹·bar⁻¹)	Rejection/%	Ref.
Seawater desalination	MXene-T400	Self-crosslinking	3.5	75.9% for Na₂SO₄	[25]
	Gly-3@MX-3	Glycine crosslinking	7.5	86.28 for Na₂SO₄	[27]
	PEI/MXene	Polyethylenimine crosslinking	9	82% for MgCl₂	[47]
	HPEI-AgNP@Ti₃C₂T_x	Hyperbranched polyethylenimine crosslinking+ silver zero-dimensional particle composite	24.55	84.15% for MgCl₂	[48]
	MXene	/	~59	~70% for Na₂SO₄	[49]
	GO-MXene	Graphene oxide composite+self-crosslinking	~0.2	~95% for MgCl₂	[50]
Wastewater treatment	MXene/CM-β-CD	Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin crosslinking	431.37	99.7% for Methylene blue	[28]
	MXene-PEI	polyethylenimine crosslinking	137.77	99% for Congo red	[29]
	Ag@MXene	silver zero-dimensional particle composite	354.29	92.32% for Methyl green	[30]
	MXene/Al₂O₃	Al₂O₃ zero-dimensional particle composite	88.8	99.8% for Rhodamine B	[31]
	CNTs-MXene	Carbon nanotubes composite	1270	100% for Crystal violet	[32]
	GO/MXene	Graphene oxide composite	71.9	~100% for Methylene blue	[36]
	MoS₂@LS-MXene	sodium lignosulfonate modified +MoS₂ composite	77	93% for Congo red	[38]
	GO/AA-Ti₃C₂T_x	Ammonium acetate modification + graphene oxide composite	115.5	99.1% for Congo red	[39]
	PEI-MXene	polyethylenimine crosslinking	441.3	99.82% for Congo red	[54]
	MXene	Fe(OH)₃ zero-dimensional particle composite +HCl treatment	1084	90% for Evans blue	[55]
	Ti₃C₂T_x-EDA	Ethylenediamine crosslinking	20	93.2~99.8% for Mn²⁺、Zn²⁺、Cd²⁺ Cu²⁺、Ni²⁺、Pb²⁺	[56]
Notes：Gly-3@MX-3—Glycine-3@MXene-3; PEI/MXene—Polyethylenimine/MXene; HPEI-AgNP@Ti₃C₂T_x—Hyperbranched polyethylenimine-silver nanoparticle; GO-MXene—Graphene oxide-MXene; MXene/CM-β-CD—MXene/carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin; MXene-PEI—MXene-polyethylenimine; CNTs-MXene—Carbon nanotubes-MXene; GO/MXene—Graphene oxide/MXene; MoS₂@LS-MXene—MoS₂@sodium lignosulfonate-MXene; GO/AA-Ti₃C₂T_x—Graphene oxide/ammonium acetate-Ti₃C₂T_x; PEI-MXene—Polyethylenimine-MXene; Ti₃C₂T_x-EDA—Ti₃C₂T_x-thylenediamine.

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