多元共挤出木塑复合材料界面结合性能

陈文礼; 欧荣贤; 郭雨佳; 唐伟; 郝笑龙; 孙理超; 王清文

多元共挤出木塑复合材料界面结合性能

陈文礼¹,
欧荣贤^{1, 2},
郭雨佳¹,
唐伟^{1, 2},
郝笑龙^{1, 2},
孙理超^{1, 2, ,},
王清文^{1, 2}

1.
生物基材料与能源教育部重点实验室(华南农业大学), 广东广州 510642
2.
华南农业大学生物质工程研究院, 广东广州 510642

基金项目: 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金 (2021A1515011014)；广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202010008)

详细信息

通讯作者:
孙理超，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为生物质复合材料。　E-mail: sunlichao@scau.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-22
- 修回日期: 2024-03-23
- 录用日期: 2024-04-04
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-23

Interfacial bonding properties of multi-phase co-extruded wood-plastic composites

CHEN Wenli¹,
OU Rongxian^{1, 2},
GUO Yujia¹,
TANG Wei^{1, 2},
HAO Xiaolong^{1, 2},
SUN Lichao^{1, 2
, ,},
WANG Qingwen^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education (South China Agricultural University), Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
2.
Institute of Biomass Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China

Funds: Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No.2021A1515011014); Research and Development Program in Key Areas of Guangdong Province (No.2020B0202010008)

摘要

摘要: 针对新型多元共挤出复合材料存在的次表层木塑复合材料(WPCs)与核层实木界面结合强度低，使用过程中易发生界面剥离导致复合材料力学性能和使用寿命降低的问题，本文采用聚氨酯热熔胶胶膜(TPU)和乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物胶膜(EAA)包覆单板层积材(LVL)与塑料/木塑制备了高界面结合强度的多元共挤出复合材料(Co-WPCs-LVL)。研究结果表明：TPU和EAA均能有效提高WPCs层与核层LVL的界面结合强度，界面结合强度随着胶膜熔点的增加而逐渐降低，其中引入TPU (熔点80℃)和EAA (熔点95℃)的WPCs与LVL界面结合强度相对于未处理组分别提高了27倍、56倍。EAA可以显著提升WPCs与LVL的界面耐水性能，Ⅱ类浸渍实验后界面未发生剥离。证明胶膜在高温的挤出作用下能够渗入LVL表面与羟基(—OH)发生反应，同时能与聚乙烯分子链混合扩散形成牢固的界面结合。经过人工加速老化后，胶膜处理组的WPCs与LVL仍具有较高的界面结合强度，界面结合强度剩余率随着熔点的增大而增大，其中EAA(熔点135℃)实验组表现出最好的界面耐久性，界面结合强度剩余率达到97.25%。
- 木塑复合材料 /
- 多元共挤出 /
- 单板层积材 /
- 热熔胶胶膜 /
- 界面结合强度
Abstract: To address the problems of low interfacial bonding strength between sub-surface wood-plastic composites (WPCs) and solid wood in the core layer of new multi-phase co-extruded composites and easy interfacial peeling in the process of use leading to the reduction of the mechanical properties and service life of the composites, this paper adopts a polyurethane hot-melt adhesive film (TPU) and an ethylene acrylic acid copolymer adhesive film (EAA) to wrap veneer laminated lumber (LVL) with plastic/wood-plastic. Multi-co-extruded composites (Co-WPCs-LVL) with high interfacial bond strength were prepared. The results showed that both TPU and EAA could effectively improve the interfacial bonding strength between WPCs layer and core layer LVL, and the interfacial bonding strength decreased gradually with the increase of the melting point of the adhesive film, among which, the interfacial bonding strength between WPCs and LVL introduced with TPU (melting point of 80℃) and EAA (melting point of 95℃) was increased by 27 and 56 times, respectively, relative to that of the untreated group. The EAA could significantly increase the interfacial bonding strength of the water resistance of the interface between WPCs and LVL, and the interface did not peel off after the Type II impregnation experiment. It proves that the adhesive film can penetrate into the surface of LVL and react with hydroxyl group (-OH) under the extrusion at high temperature, and at the same time, it can mix and diffuse with the molecular chain of polyethylene to form a strong interfacial bond. After artificially accelerated aging, the WPCs and LVL in the adhesive film treatment group still had high interfacial bonding strength, and the residual rate of interfacial bonding strength increased with the increase of melting point, among which the experimental group of EAA (melting point of 135℃) showed the best interfacial durability, and the residual rate of interfacial bonding strength reached 97.25%.
- wood-plastic composites /
- multi-phase co-extruded /
- veneer laminates /
- hot melt adhesive film /
- interfacial bond strength

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图 1 Co-WPCs-LVL制备流程图

Figure 1. Schematic of the Co-WPCs-LVL fabrication

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图 2 界面结合强度测试示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of interfacial bond strength test

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图 3 不同试件的木塑和LVL之间的界面结合强度

Figure 3. Interfacial bond strength between WPCs and LVL for different specimens

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图 4 不同试件WPCs与LVL界面结合强度测试后木破率(a) Control；(b) TPU-80；(c) TPU-100；(d) TPU-120；(e) TPU-140；(f)EAA-95；(g) EAA-115；(h) EAA-135

Figure 4. Wood failure ratio of different specimens after WPCs and LVL interfacial bond strength test (a) Control; (b) TPU-80; (c) TPU-100; (d) TPU-140; (e) TPU-140; (f) EAA-95; (g) EAA-115; (h) EAA-13

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图 5 不同Co-WPCs-LVL试件界面剪切强度

Figure 5. Interfacial shear strength of adhesive layer of Co-WPCs-LVL specimens

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图 6 不同试件的界面结合SEM图像(a) Control；(b) TPU-80；(c) TPU-100；(d) TPU-120；(e) TPU-140；(f) EAA-95；(g) EAA-115；(h) EAA-135

Figure 6. Interface bounding SEM images of different specimens (a) Control; (b) TPU-80; (c) TPU-100; (d) TPU-120; (e) TPU-140; (f) EAA-95;(g) EAA-115; (h) EAA-135

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图 7 LVL包覆胶膜前后的表面化学特性

Figure 7. Surface chemical properties of LVL before and after adhesive film

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图 8 不同试件的胶膜渗入LVL的截面图像(a) Control；(b) TPU-80；(c) TPU-100；(d) TPU-120；(e) TPU-140；(f) EAA-95；(g) EAA-115；(h) EAA-135

Figure 8. Cross-sectional images of adhesive film infiltrated into LVL for different specimens (a) Control; (b) TPU-80; (c) TPU-100; (d) TPU-120; (e) TPU-140; (f) EAA-95; (g) EAA-115; (h) EAA-135

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图 9 Co-WPCs-LVL试件界面结合机制示意图：(a) TPU与WPCs、LVL结合机制；(b) EAA与WPCs、LVL结合机制

Figure 9. Schematic diagram of interfacial bonding mechanism of Co-WPCs-LVL specimens: (a) TPU and LVL binding mechanism; (b) EAA and WPCs,LVL binding mechanism

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图 10 不同Co-WPCs-LVL试件Ⅱ类浸渍剥离强度测试表面形貌(a) Control；(b) TPU-80；(c) TPU-100；(d) TPU-120；(e) TPU-140；(f) EAA-95；(g) EAA-115；(h) EAA-135

Figure 10. Surface morphology of different Co-WPCs-LVL specimens tested for peel strength by Type II impregnation (a) Control; (b) TPU-80; (c) TPU-100; (d) TPU-120; (e) TPU-140; (f) EAA-95; (g) EAA-115; (h) EAA-135

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图 11 不同Co-WPCs-LVL试件Ⅰ浸渍剥离强度测试表面形貌(a) EAA-95；(b) EAA-115；(c) EAA-135

Figure 11. Surface morphology of different Co-WPCs-LVL specimens tested for peel strength by Type Ⅰ impregnation (a) EAA-95; (b) EAA-115; (c) EAA-135

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图 12 不同Co-WPCs-LVL试件加速老化后剩余界面结合强度

Figure 12. Remaining interfacial bond strength after accelerated aging of different Co-WPCs-LVL specimens

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表 1 不同Co-WPCs-LVL试件的组成

Table 1. Composition of different Co-WPCs-LVL specimens

Sample	Surface layer			WPCs layer				Adhesive film layer			Core layer
Sample	PE-RT/ wt%	SEBS/ wt%	Additive/ wt%	HDPE/ wt%	LDPE/ wt%	BF/ wt%	Additive/ wt%	Type	Thickness/mm	Melting Point/℃	Solid Wood
Ctrl	80	10	10	20	5	65	10	-	-	-	LVL
TPU-80	80	10	10	20	5	65	10	TPU	0.08	80	LVL
TPU-100	80	10	10	20	5	65	10	TPU	0.08	100	LVL
TPU-120	80	10	10	20	5	65	10	TPU	0.08	120	LVL
TPU-140	80	10	10	20	5	65	10	TPU	0.08	140	LVL
EAA-95	80	10	10	20	5	65	10	EAA	0.08	95	LVL
EAA-115	80	10	10	20	5	65	10	EAA	0.08	115	LVL
EAA-135	80	10	10	20	5	65	10	EAA	0.08	135	LVL
Notes: In the Sample column of the table, WPCs means wood-plastic composites, LVL means laminated veneer lumber, TPU means polyurethane hot melt adhesive film, EAA means ethylene acrylic acid copolymer adhesive film, and the number connected to the back represents the melting point of the adhesive film. For example: TPU-80 means that the LVL surface of Co-WPCs-LVL specimen is covered with polyurethane hot melt adhesive film with a melting point of 80℃.

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表 2 不同Co-WPCs-LVL 试样的Ⅱ类浸渍剥离长度

Table 2. Type Ⅱ impregnation peeling length of different Co-WPCs-LVL samples

Sample	Ctrl	TPU-80	TPU-100	TPU-120	TPU-140	EAA-95	EAA-115	EAA-135
Length of impregnation and peeling/mm	300	256	235	242	238	0	0	0

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表 3 不同Co-WPCs-LVL试样的Ⅰ浸渍剥离长度

Table 3. Type Ⅰ impregnation peeling length of different Co-WPCs-LVL samples

Sample	EAA-95	EAA-115	EAA-135
Length of impregnation and peeling/mm	300	276	0

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