Abstract: Antibiotics, which have high water solubility, high chemical stability, potential carcinogenicity, obvious ecotoxicity, and difficult biodegradation, pose a serious threat to the sustainability of the aquatic environment and human health. Therefore, it is crucial to establish effective methods to remove antibiotic contaminants from water. Magnetic biochar composites have attracted much attention in the oxidative degradation of antibiotic contaminants due to their excellent catalytic capacity for activation of persulfate and recyclability. In this review, we aim to summarize the research progress of magnetic biochar composites activated persulfate degradation of antibiotics. First, we summarize magnetic biochar composites from different biomass sources and their commonly prepared methods. Then, the mechanism of activated persulfate degradation of antibiotic pollutants by magnetic biochar composites and their degradation behaviors for different types of antibiotics were explored. Finally, the challenges and prospects for future research are proposed in response to other current issues arising from antibiotic contamination.