Meso-model of 2D woven fabric based on free-form deformation technique
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摘要: 为了避免理想化织物模型横截面恒定、纱线间相互渗透的问题，生成具有真实感的二维机织物三维细观模型，提出一种基于自由变形技术的几何变形方法。首先通过理想化的纱线中心线轨迹、横截面建立织物初始几何模型，然后应用自由变形技术对纱线进行变形。在变形过程中，所有纱线横截面在空间位置和参数的约束下进行自由变形，所有横截面变形后的控制网格组成纱线的控制网格，以驱动纱线的整体变形，最终生成具有真实感的织物细观模型。变形过程中纱线间的接触应用基于射线的碰撞检测技术处理。该方法可以扩展并应用于其他织物结构，且可以输出到其他软件中进行模拟计算。Abstract: In order to avoid the problems of constant cross-section and interpenetration between yarns in the idealized fabric model and generate a realistic three-dimensional meso-model of two-dimensional woven fabric, a geometric deformation method based on free deformation technology was proposed. Firstly, the initial geometric model of the fabric was established through the idealized yarn centerline trajectory and cross-section, and then the free-form deformation technology was applied to deform the yarn. In the deformation process, all yarn cross-sections are free-form to deform under the constraints of spatial position and parameters. The control grid of yarn consists of the control grids after all cross sections being deformed to drive the yarn deformation, and finally a realistic fabric meso-model was generated. The contact between yarns in the deformation process was treated by ray based collision detection technique. This method can be extended and applied to other fabric structures, and can be output to other software for simulation.
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图 2 纱线几何模型生成流程
Figure 2. Generation process of yarn geometric model
A—Yarn centerline; B—Centerline curve; C—Discrete curve; D—Add cross-section; E—Yarn geometry model
图 4 纱线横截面局部坐标示意图
Figure 4. Diagram of local coordinates of yarn cross section
ai, bi, ni—Local coordinate system of cross-section
图 5 纱线表面形成示意图
Figure 5. Diagram of yarn surface formation
Sij—The jth vertex of the ith cross-section
图 9 射线碰撞检测与层次包围盒
Figure 9. Ray collision detection and hierarchical bounding box
A''—Yarn bounding box; B''—First level bounding box; C''—Second level bounding box; D''—Third level bounding box; E''—Fourth level bounding box
图 10 纬纱横截面视图下纱线变形过程
Figure 10. View of weft yarn cross-section during the process of yarn deformation
A#—Weft yarn cross-section shrinking; B#—Weft yarn cross-section expansion; C#—Weft yarn free form deformation; D#—Warp yarn cross-section shrinking; E#—Warp yarn cross-section expansion; F#—Warp yarn free form deformation
图 13 不同织物模型与实际织物的对比
Figure 13. Comparison of different models and actual fabric
FFD—Free-form deformation
图 14 不同织物模型与实际织物的数据对比
Figure 14. Data comparison of different models and actual fabric
表 1 不同控制网格的纱线截面变形
Table 1. Yarn cross-section deformation of different control meshes
Control
grid typeInitial status Deformed status 1×1 
2×2 
3×3 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 初始织物模型参数
Table 2. Initial fabric model parameters
Parameter Warp Weft Thickness/mm 0.1580 0.1209 Width/mm 0.6172 0.7471 Spacing/mm 0.7471 0.7471
下载: 导出CSV
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