Preparation of highly transparent TiO2/SiO2 nanocomposite thin films with superhydrophilic self-cleaning properties
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摘要: 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同摩尔比的TiO2/SiO2薄膜，该薄膜不仅具有超亲水性，而且具有高透光自清洁性能。超亲水性使得薄膜具有良好的防雾、防污性能，自清洁性质使其拥有光催化分解去除有机物的性能。红外光谱分析和 X 射线光电子能谱分析表明，硅元素已被成功引入到二氧化钛晶体的主体中，这不仅减小了薄膜上水滴的接触角，还提高了薄膜的透明度，使其适用于透镜和反射镜等光学设备。该超亲水性薄膜可在一定光照时间内除去表面上的油酸，并能够在黑暗环境14天内保持良好的亲水性，具有稳定的超亲水性能。试验结果表明，硅含量为10％的TiO2/SiO2薄膜应用于玻璃基底上具有最好的光学性能和光催化性能，而XPS刻蚀试验能谱表明Si成功引入了TiO2中，这不仅导致薄膜上水滴的接触角降低，而且提高了薄膜的透光性能，使之能够应用在镜头、太阳能电池板等以硅片为基底的材料表面。Abstract: TiO2/SiO2 films with different molar ratios Ti/Si were prepared by a sol-gel method. The films not only have super hydrophilicity, but also have high light transmittance and self-cleaning properties. The superhydrophilicity of the film endows it with excellent anti-fog and anti-fouling properties, while its self-cleaning properties enable it to exhibit photocatalytic decomposition and removal of organic matters. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate that silicon element has been successfully introduced into the bulk of TiO2 crystal, which not only reduces the contact angle of water droplets on the film, but also improves the transparency of the film, making it suitable for use in optical devices such as lenses and mirrors. This superhydrophilic film can remove oleic acid on the film surface within a certain period of light exposure and maintain good hydrophilicity in a dark for 14 days, and it still exhibits stable superhydrophilic properties. The experimental results show that TiO2/SiO2 films with 10% silicon content have the best optical and photocatalytic properties when applied to glass substrates, while the energy spectrum of the XPS etching test shows that Si has been successfully introduced into TiO2, which not only leads to a decrease in the contact angle of the water droplets on the film but also improves the light transmittance of the film, enabling it to be applied to the surface of silicon wafer-based materials such as lenses and solar cell panels.
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Key words:
- Multifunctional film /
- nanocomposite film /
- Superhydrophilic /
- Photocatalysis /
- Self-cleaning
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图 1 不同Si含量的TiO2粉末的XRD谱
Figure 1. XRD spectra of TiO2 powders with different Si doping content
图 3 TiO2/SiO2粉末的TEM (a) 和HRTEM (b) 图片, (c-d) TiO2/SiO2薄膜的TEM图片
Figure 3. TEM (a) and HRTEM (b) of TiO2/SiO2 powder, (c-d) TEM of TiO2/SiO2 film
图 4 TiO2/SiO2粉末的 X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS)
Figure 4. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of TiO2/SiO2 powder
图 5 TiO2/SiO2粉末的红外光谱
Figure 5. Fourier-transformed infrared spectra of TiO2/SiO2 powder
图 6 空白玻璃和TiO2/SiO2薄膜的透射光谱
Figure 6. Transmission spectra of blank glass and TiO2/SiO2 film
图 7 TiO2/SiO2粉末对甲醛的光催化降解效果
Figure 7. Photocatalytic degradation performance of formaldehyde over different TiO2/SiO2 powder
图 8 5 μL的水滴在TiO2/SiO2薄膜迅速扩散平铺
Figure 8. Rapid spread of 5 μL of water droplets on the TiO2/SiO2 film
图 9 水滴在TiO2/SiO2等以硅片为基底样品的不同接触角
Figure 9. Different contact angles of water droplet on various TiO2/SiO2 coatings on silicon wafers substrate
图 10 TiO2/SiO2薄膜(左侧) 和普通玻璃片(右侧) 的防雾性能对比
Figure 10. Comparison of anti-fog performance of TiO2/SiO2 film (left) and normal glass sheets (right)
图 11 (a) (b)空白玻璃与TiO2/SiO2薄膜滴加油酸并用水冲洗后薄的对比, (c) TiO2/SiO2薄膜涂上一层油酸光照前后的红外光谱，(d) TiO2/SiO2薄膜涂上一层油酸光照后的水滴接触角变化
Figure 11. (a) (b) Comparison of blank glass and TiO2/SiO2 film rinsed with water after adding a drop of refueling acid, (c) Infrared spectra of oleic acid on TiO2/SiO2 film before and after illumination, (d) change in contact angle of water droplet on TiO2/SiO2 film after illumination with a layer of oleic acid
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