碳纤维基太阳能驱动界面水蒸发器件研究进展

吴浩; 王洪杰; 王赫; 苏永生; 胡侨乐; 阮芳涛

碳纤维基太阳能驱动界面水蒸发器件研究进展

吴浩¹,
王洪杰^{1, 2},
王赫^{1, 2},
苏永生³,
胡侨乐^{1, 2},
阮芳涛^{1, 2, ,}

1.
安徽工程大学纺织服装学院, 安徽芜湖 241000
2.
安徽省纺织结构复合材料国际合作研究中心, 安徽芜湖 241000
3.
安徽工程大学机械与汽车工程学院, 安徽芜湖 241000

基金项目: 安徽省教育科学研究项目(2022AH050991)，安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022a05020006)，安徽省高等学校科学研究重大项目(2022AH040134)

详细信息

通讯作者:
阮芳涛，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为功能化纤维　E-mail: ruanfangtao@ahpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TQ127.11; TB332
计量
- 文章访问数: 40
- HTML全文浏览量: 45
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-24
- 修回日期: 2024-06-21
- 录用日期: 2024-06-21
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-03

Advances in carbon fiber-based solar powered interfacial water evaporation devices

WU Hao¹,
WANG Hongjie^{1, 2},
WANG He^{1, 2},
SU Yongsheng³,
HU Qiaole^{1, 2},
RUAN Fangtao^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Anhui Wuhu 241000, China
2.
Anhui Textile Structure Composite Materials International Cooperation Research Center, Anhui Wuhu 241000, China
3.
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Anhui Wuhu 241000, China

Funds: Anhui Provincial Education Science Research Project (2022AH050991), Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Project (2022a05020006), Major Science and Technology Project of Anhui Educational Committee (2022AH040134)

摘要

摘要: 碳纤维是三大高性能纤维之一，具有较强的光热以及电热转化性能，可以高效的将太阳光和电能转化为热能。目前对于碳纤维的应用还大部分基于低密度、高强高模的优势特性上，为了促进碳纤维在界面水蒸发的应用，本文从碳纤维光热及光电耦合两个方面来综述目前碳纤维在界面水蒸发的研究进展，针对碳纤维光滑致密的表面结构以及低表面能等缺点，总结其解决方法，以及在水通道、仿生结构、多级结构、掺杂其他光热材料和回收碳纤维的应用几个方面来讨论碳纤维界面蒸发器的发展，并对将来碳纤维在界面蒸发中的应用提出展望。
- 碳纤维 /
- 界面蒸发 /
- 光热转化 /
- 电热转化 /
- 光热耦合
Abstract: Carbon fiber is a high-performance material known for its strong photothermal and electrothermal conversion properties, enabling efficient conversion of sunlight and electrical energy into thermal energy. Despite its current utilization primarily based on its low density, high strength, and modulus, this paper reviews the ongoing research on enhancing the application of carbon fiber in interfacial water evaporation. The review focuses on two key aspects: carbon fiber's photothermal properties and optoelectronic coupling. It addresses the challenges posed by carbon fiber's smooth, dense surface and low surface energy, proposing various solutions. Furthermore, it explores advancements in developing carbon fiber interfacial evaporators through strategies such as bionic structures, multi-stage designs, incorporation of other photothermal materials, and carbon fiber recycling. Finally, the paper outlines future prospects for leveraging carbon fibers in interfacial evaporation applications.
- Carbon fiber /
- Interfacial evaporation /
- Photothermal conversion /
- Electrothermal conversion /
- Photothermal coupling

HTML全文

图 1 碳纤维(CF)应用领域

Figure 1. The application of carbon fiber (CF)

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图 2 三种形式实现太阳能蒸发^[45]

Figure 2. Three forms of solar evaporation implementation^[45]

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图 3 光热蒸发过程中的能量转化^[46]

Figure 3. Energy conversion during photothermal evaporation process^[46]

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图 4 碳纤维表面改性示意图(a)原始碳纤维(b)和(c)水热处理改性的碳纤维(d)来源于葡萄糖的不溶性互键芳香族两亲性大分子^[50]

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of surface modification of carbon fibers (a) original carbon fibers (b) and (c) carbon fibers modified by hydrothermal treatment (d) insoluble aromatic amphiphilic macromolecules derived from glucose ^[50]

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图 5 仿生结构在蒸发器中的应用(a)利用棉棒仿生荷叶结构^[11](b)碳纤维束仿生植物蒸发系统^[51]

Figure 5. The Application of Biomimetic Structure in Evaporators (a) Utilizing Cotton Stick Biomimetic Lotus Leaf Structure^[11] (b) Carbon Fiber Bundle Biomimetic Plant Evaporation System ^[51]

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图 6 碳纤维上生长其他光热材料(a) Cu NPs/CFs的制备示意图^[52](b) CFs/CNTs的制备示意图^[53]

Figure 6. Growth of other photothermal materials on carbon fibers (a) Preparation schematic diagram of Cu NPs/CFs ^[52] (b) Preparation schematic diagram of CFs/CNTs ^[53]

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图 7 多层CF驱动蒸发器件^[48]

Figure 7. Multilayer CF driven evaporative device ^[48]

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图 8 碳纤维膜蒸发器(a) PVDF/MWCNTs@PDA-CF/PPS复合膜的制备^[54](b) CFM上PDA镀膜工艺示意图^[55]

Figure 8. Carbon fiber membrane evaporator(a) PVDF/ MWCNTs@PDA-CF /Preparation of PPS composite film ^[54] (b) Schematic diagram of PDA coating process on CFM^[55]

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图 9 使用碳纤维粉制备具有光热转换特性的柔性仿生材料示意图^[57]

Figure 9. Schematic diagram of using carbon fiber powder to prepare flexible biomimetic materials with photothermal conversion characteristics ^[57]

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图 10 碳纤维电加热^[61]

Figure 10. Carbon fiber electric heating^[61]

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图 11 全天候光热转化器件的应用^[63]

Figure 11. Application of all-weather photothermal conversion devices ^[63]

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图 12 光电协同蒸发器件的设计^[64]

Figure 12. Design of Optoelectronic Collaborative Evaporation Devices ^[64]

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图 13 亲水性天丝纤维和碳纤维的编织^[65]

Figure 13. Weaving of hydrophilic Tencel fibers and carbon fibers^[65]

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图 14 立体蒸发器的构建^[66]

Figure 14. Construction of Stereoscopic Evaporator Devices ^[66]

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表 1 不同碳纤维基太阳能蒸发器对比

Table 1. Comparison of different carbon fiber based solar evaporators

处理方法	蒸发速率	蒸发效率	水传输通道	类型	是否焦耳加热	电压大小	参考文献
通过对改性碳纤维进行表面蚀刻，然后通过三层碳纤维织物，两层非织造布和一层隔热层组成太阳能蒸发器	3.39 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹	93.41~96.69%	涤纶和棉混纺的非织造布输送水	光热	否	——	[48]
受荷叶的启发，设计可调水供应的3 D碳纤维棉基锥体蒸发器	3.27 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹	194.40%	棉棒输送水	光热	否	——	[11]
通过原位生长将碳纳米管长在碳纤维上	1.40 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹	——	直接置于水面	光热	否	——	[53]
由疏水性聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)层和具有亲水性三维梯度结构的聚多巴胺(PDA)改性 CF/PPS纤维基板组成的自浮太阳能蒸发膜	1.24 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹	79.20%	PDA改性CF/PPS亲水性纤维输送水	光热	否	——	[54]
采用PDA对具有良好光吸收性的疏水性工业级碳膜(CFM)进行表面改性，用于建造无盐分积累的高效悬挂式蒸发器	1.79 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹	92.60%	改性碳纤维织物	光热	否	——	[55]
通过编织法制备碳纤维/天丝复合编织纱(CBY)，并制备成驱蚊香状织物	1.84 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹光热；2.97 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹光电协同	88%	亲水性天丝纤维输送水	光电协同	是	3 V	[65]
制备沸石-壳聚糖-TiO₂@PPy气凝胶(ZCTP)，并利用碳纤维加热丝电驱动	1.66 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹光热；11.7 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹光电协同	——	气凝胶内部垂直排列多孔结构输送水	光电协同	是	5 V	[63]
使用疏水性碳纤维布 (CC) 涂有金属有机框架 (MOF) 衍生的超亲水碳膜，并弯曲成拱形结构	3.21 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹光热；5.5 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹光电协同	——	亲水性碳膜输送水	光电协同	是	5 V	[66]

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