Three-dimensional compressive mechanical properties of coral seawater sea sand concrete at different ages
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摘要: 为探究珊瑚海水海砂混凝土(CSSC)在三向受压条件下的力学性能及其损伤发展过程，考虑围压值和龄期等因素，设计制作了132个CSSC圆柱体试件进行常规三轴试验。结果表明：随着围压值的增大，试件破坏形态由竖向劈裂破坏转为斜向剪切破坏，应力-应变曲线峰部抬高、下降段逐渐平缓，损伤发展得到抑制；龄期T≤60d时，各项力学性能指标变化趋于稳定；T=180d时，屈服应变及屈服应力较28d时分别提高了8.88%、11.64%；T=365d时，弹性模量较28d提高9.18%；根据试验数据，提出了不同围压值下CSSC屈服应力、屈服应变、弹性模量计算公式；围压CSSC内部损伤演化影响显著，且随着围压值增大，龄期对其的影响逐渐减弱；最后，提出了同时考虑龄期、围压两因素的CSSC强度预测公式，预测结果与试验结果拟合程度较好。Abstract: In order to explore the mechanical properties and damage development process of coral seawater sea sand concrete (CSSC) under three-dimensional compression, 132 CSSC cylinder specimens were designed and manufactured for conventional triaxial tests considering factors such as confining pressure and age. The results show that with the increase of confining pressure, the failure mode of the specimen changes from vertical splitting failure to oblique shear failure, the peak of the stress-strain curve is raised and the descending section is gradually gentle, and the damage development is inhibited. When the age T≤60d , the change of mechanical properties tends to be stable. When T=180d, the yield strain and yield stress increase by 8.88% and 11.64% respectively compared with that at 28d. When T=365d, the elastic modulus increases by 9.18% compared with 28d; according to the experimental data, the calculation formulas of yield stress, yield strain and elastic modulus of CSSC under different confining pressure values are proposed. The influence of confining pressure on the internal damage evolution of CSSC is significant, and with the increase of confining pressure, the influence of age on it is gradually weakened. Finally, a CSSC strength prediction formula considering both age and confining pressure is proposed, and the prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
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图 2 珊瑚粗骨料、海砂细骨料级配曲线
Figure 2. Gradation curve of coral coarse aggregate and sea sand fine aggregate
图 4 CSSC应力-应变全过程曲线
Figure 4. Stress-strain curves of the whole process of the CSSC specimen
图 7 围压对CSSC力学性能的影响
Figure 7. Effect of confining pressure on mechanical properties of CSSC
图 9 不同种类混凝土不同龄期下复合因子拟合曲线
Figure 9. Composite factor fitting curves of different types of concrete at different ages
表 1 珊瑚粗骨料物理性能
Table 1. Physical properties of coral coarse aggregate
Property Water absorption
capacity in 1 h
(by mass)/%Porosity
(by volume)/%Moisture content
(by mass)/%Bulk density/
(kg∙m−3)Apparent density/
(kg∙m−3)Cylinder pressure
strength/MPaValue 12.79 54.21 0.67 879.90 1667.00 4.11 
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表 2 海水的主要化学成分(g/L)
Table 2. Main chemical constituents of seawater (g/L)
NaCl Na2SO4 MgCl2 CaCl2 KCl 24.28 4.02 5.04 1.15 0.59
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表 3 珊瑚海水海砂混凝土(CSSC)配合比
Table 3. Mix proportion of coral seawater sea sand concrete (CSSC)
Concrete W/C Material consumption/(kg·m−3) Slump/mm Cube crushing strength/MPa CA Sea sand Cement Seawater Additional seawater Wa CSSC 0.4 655.8 760.1 535.0 214.0 75.1 1.4 156 32.09 Notes: CA—Coral coarse aggregate; Wa—Water reducing admixture; W/C—Water-cement ratio.
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表 4 CSSC不同龄期下A、B取值及拟合系数
Table 4. The values of A and B and the fitting coefficients of CSSC at different ages
Type 28 d 60 d 180 d 365 d A 5.267 5.220 5.760 5.940 B 3.542 3.030 3.159 3.350 R2 0.83 0.94 0.90 0.92
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表 5 不同种类混凝土调整系数Kf
Table 5. Adjustment coefficient Kf of different kinds of concrete
Concrete type Kf Reference Lightweight aggregate concrete 0.0208 σw+0.7079 Chen[29] 0.0218 σw+0.7443 Ye[42] Recycled aggregate concrete 0.0226 σw+0.7455 Chen[41] 0.0136 σw+0.4629 Paula[43] Natural aggregate concrete 0.0121 σw+0.3229 Sfer[44] High-strength concrete 0.0059 σw+0.2010 Feng[45] 0.0061 σw+0.2011 Lu[20]
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