基于高度可控的激光雕刻技术构建的准Z方向“环氧钉”增强铝合金-碳纤维复合材料的粘接性能研究

左世豪; 程飞; 黄文艺; 杨光明; 何佳鑫; 崔学军; 胡云森; 胡晓智

基于高度可控的激光雕刻技术构建的准Z方向“环氧钉”增强铝合金-碳纤维复合材料的粘接性能研究

左世豪¹,
程飞^{1, 2, ,},
黄文艺¹,
杨光明¹,
何佳鑫¹,
崔学军³,
胡云森⁴,
胡晓智⁵

1.
西南科技大学　生物质材料工程研究中心(教育部) 材料与化学学院, 绵阳 621010
2.
四川四众玄武岩纤维技术研发有限公司玄武岩纤维及复合材料四川省重点实验室, 达州 635756
3.
四川轻化工大学　材料科学与工程学院, 自贡 643002
4.
江苏科技大学　机械工程学院, 镇江 212003
5.
西澳大利亚大学机械工程学院, 珀斯 410082

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(Grant No. 52102115)；中国高端外国专家引进计划(Grant No. G2023036002L)；四川省玄武岩纤维与复合材料重点实验室(Grant No. XXKFJJ202308)；四川省工程材料与结构冲击振动重点实验室(Grant No. 23kfgk06)

详细信息

通讯作者:
程飞，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向：碳纤维复合材料、相变储能材料　E-mail: feicheng@swust.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB333
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- 文章访问数: 84
- HTML全文浏览量: 48
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-12
- 修回日期: 2024-07-02
- 录用日期: 2024-07-08
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-01

Constructing quasi-Z-directional epoxy-pins on aluminum alloy surface via highly controllable laser engraving for stronger adhesive bonding with carbon fiber composite

1.
Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
2.
Sichuan Sizhong Basalt Fiber Technology Research Co., Ltd, Basalt Fiber and Composite Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Dazhou 635756, China
3.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643002, China
4.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
5.
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Australia, Perth 410082, Australia

Funds: the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant No. 52102115); the High-end Foreign Expert Recruitment Plan of China (Grant No. G2023036002L); the Basalt Fiber and Composite Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (Grant No. XXKFJJ202308); Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Lab of Sichuan Province (Grant No. 23kfgk06)

摘要

摘要: 本研究设计了激光雕刻、常压等离子喷涂和树脂预涂(RPC)技术处理铝合金表面构建准Z方向“环氧钉”，实现铝合金与碳纤维增强树脂(CFRP)复合材料的粘接强度提升。采用激光雕刻处理铝合金表面形成凹坑结构，为浸渍环氧树脂提供了较大的垂直空间，同时获得了更高的润湿性。使用常压等离子喷涂技术去除铝合金表面污染物，增加极性官能团的吸附量。进一步运用RPC技术将高粘度环氧树脂引入预制坑道结构，减少环氧树脂胶与基体之间的缺陷，增强机械互锁效应。经联合处理后，试样最高的粘接强度比未处理的强度提高了130.5%，复合材料的破坏模式由铝合金表面的粘接失效转变为CFRP复合材料的分层失效。简单有效的联合处理技术方案有望在异质粘接结构的高性能化发展获得应用。
- 接头/连接 /
- 激光雕刻 /
- 粘接强度提升 /
- 准Z方向"环氧钉" /
- 失效模型
Abstract: This study designed laser engraving, atmospheric pressure plasma spraying and resin pre-coating (RPC) on aluminum alloy surface to construct quasi-Z-directional “epoxy-pins” for improving bonding strength with carbon fiber reinforce polymer (CFRP). The laser engraving treatment was used to create pitted structure on the aluminum alloy surface, higher wettability was acquired and greater vertical spaces were formed to impregnate epoxy resin for stronger mechanical interlocking. Atmospheric pressure plasma spraying was then utilized to remove surface contaminants of aluminum alloy surface and increase the quantity of adsorbed polar functional groups. RPC technique was further adopted to guide high-viscosity epoxy resin into pits to minimize defects between the resin and the substrate and reinforce the mechanical interlocking. The bonding strength of the specimen with the combined treatments of L0.08-1 yielded up to 130.5% increment than the base in bonding strength. The failure modes of composites were changed from adhesive failure of aluminum alloy surface to delamination-dominated failure of laminated CFRP composites. Simple and effective combined treatment method is expected to gain application in the development of high performance of heterogeneous material bonding.
- Joints/joining /
- Laser engraving /
- Bonding strength improvement /
- Quasi-Z-directional "epoxy-pins" /
- Failure mode

HTML全文

图 1 常压等离子体喷涂提高粘接强度的作用机制

Figure 1. Mechanism of action of atmospheric pressure plasma spraying to improve bonding strength

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图 2 铝合金-碳纤维增强树脂(CFRP)复合材料制备工艺示意图以及制备、单搭接剪切过程的实物图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the preparation process of aluminum- carbon fiber reinforce polymer (CFRP) composites and appearance images of preparation and single lap shear test.

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图 3 不同凹坑尺寸激光雕刻试件的截面光学显微镜图像

Figure 3. Cross-section optical microscope images of laser engraved specimens with different pit dimension.

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图 4 不同激光雕刻处理条件下的铝合金表面SEM图像：(a) (b) 激光雕刻处理一次 (直径0.8 mm) + 等离子体喷涂 + RPC；(c) (d) 激光雕刻处理两次 (直径0.8 mm) + 等离子体喷涂 + RPC；(e) (f) 激光雕刻处理两次 (直径0.08 mm) + 等离子体喷涂 + RPC

Figure 4. SEM images of aluminum alloy surfaces obtained from different laser engraving treatment conditions:(a) (b) Laser engraving once (Diameter 0.8 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC; (c) (d) Laser engraving twice (Diameter 0.8 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC; (e) (f) Laser engraving twice (Diameter 0.08 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC.

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图 5 不同激光雕刻参数处理和仅丙酮清洗的铝合金的GIXRD图

Figure 5. GIXRD patterns of aluminums treated with different laser engraving parameters and cleaned by acetone.

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图 6 不同激光雕刻参数处理和丙酮清洗试样的静态接触角

Figure 6. Static contact angles of specimens treated by different laser engraving parameters and cleaned by acetone.

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图 7 (a) 铝合金-CFRP胶接接头的荷载-位移曲线；(b) 铝合金-CFRP胶接接头的粘结强度；(c) 激光雕刻处理后铝合金的正面光学显微镜图像

Figure 7. (a) Load-displacement curves of aluminum alloy-CFRP adhesive joint; (b) Bonding strength of aluminum alloy-CFRP adhesive joint; (c) The front optical microscope images of laser engraved aluminum alloy.

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图 8 铝合金-CFRP复合材料失效后铝合金表面的SEM图像：(a)从CFRP撕裂下的碳纤维；(b)铝合金-CFRP胶接接头失效界面；(c)残留的环氧胶粘剂

Figure 8. SEM images of aluminum alloy surface after bonding failure of aluminum alloy-CFRP composites: (a) Ripped carbon fibers from CFRP; (b) failure interface of aluminum alloy-CFRP adhesive joint; (c) Residual epoxy adhesive.

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图 9 不同条件下铝合金-CFRP胶接接头的三种破坏模式：(a)铝合金/环氧胶粘剂界面脱粘失效；(b)环氧树脂粘结失效；(c)CFRP复合材料分层失效

Figure 9. Three failure models for aluminum alloy-CFRP adhesive joints with various conditions: (a) debonding failure at the aluminum alloy/epoxy adhesive interface; (b) cohesive failure of epoxy resin; (c) delamination failure of CFRP composites.

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图 10 联合处理下铝合金-CFRP接头的增强机制

Figure 10. Reinforcing mechanisms of the combined treatments to enhance aluminum-CFRP adhesive joints.

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表 1 主要原材料及其相关特性

Table 1. Main raw materials and their relevant properties.

Materials	Special feature	Origin
Al alloy	6061 T4 aluminum flat bars	Guangdong New Central Asia Aluminum Co., Ltd.
Carbon fiber composite	T300; 3K twill weave; cross-ply [0/90]_{10 s} carbon fiber plates	Carbonwiz Technology Co., Ltd.
Epoxy resin	Araldite® AW106 epoxy resin	Huntsman Advanced Chemical Materials (Guangdong) Co., Ltd.
Hardener	HV953 U hardener (polyurethane type)	Huntsman Advanced Chemical Materials (Guangdong) Co., Ltd.
Acetone	AR (toxic, boiling point around 56℃)	Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd

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表 2 不同表面处理条件下设计的铝合金-CFRP复合材料

Table 2. Designed aluminum alloy -CFRP composites with various surface treatments and conditions.

Specimens	6061 aluminum alloy treating	CFRP treating	Specimen number
A-C	Acetone cleaning	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.8-1	Laser engraving once (Diameter 0.8 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.8-2	Laser engraving twice (Diameter 0.8 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.6-1	Laser engraving once (Diameter 0.6 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.6-2	Laser engraving twice (Diameter 0.6 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.4-1	Laser engraving once (Diameter 0.4 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.4-2	Laser engraving twice (Diameter 0.4 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.2-1	Laser engraving once (Diameter 0.2 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.2-2	Laser engraving twice (Diameter 0.2 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.08-1	Laser engraving once (Diameter 0.08 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5
L0.08-2	Laser engraving twice (Diameter 0.08 mm) + plasma spraying + RPC	Grinding + RPC	5

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