Ballistic performance of Kevlar fiber UD sheets composite materials
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摘要: 为探究Kevlar纤维单向(UD)片材复合材料防弹性能,以水性丙烯酸树脂/水性聚氨酯为基体,采用湿法缠绕技术与热压工艺制备了Kevlar纤维UD片材复合材料。探究共混树脂配比,树脂含量,热压工艺等因素对Kevlar纤维UD片材复合材料防弹性能的影响规律,揭示材料的防弹机制,以及对靶板结构进行优化。结果表明:随着水性丙烯酸树脂在共混树脂中比重的增加,Kevlar纤维UD片材复合材料防弹性能呈先增大后减小的趋势,当水性聚氨酯与水性丙烯酸树脂的比例为1∶2时,防弹性能较好。随着树脂含量的增加,Kevlar纤维UD片材复合材料防弹性能呈先增大后减小的趋势,当树脂含量为19wt%时,防弹性能较好。Kevlar纤维UD片材复合材料防弹性能随着热压压力、热压温度、热压时间的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势。Kevlar纤维UD片材复合材料的防弹机制主要分成三个阶段,第一阶段主要以纤维剪切破坏的方式吸收能量,第二阶段主要以纤维拉伸断裂的方式吸收能量为主,第三阶段主要以纤维拉伸变形的方式吸收能量。8UD/4UD/8UD结构的Kevlar纤维UD片材复合材料防弹性能较好。Abstract: In order to investigate the bulletproof property of Kevlar fiber unidirectional (UD) sheet composite, the Kevlar fiber UD sheet composite was prepared by wet winding technology and hot pressing process using water-based acrylic resin/water-based polyurethane as matrix. The effects of blending resin ratio, resin content, hot pressing process and other factors on the bulletproof performance of Kevlar fiber UD sheet composite were investigated, the bulletproof mechanism of the material was revealed, and the structure of the target plate was optimized. The results show that the bulletproof property of Kevlar fiber UD sheet composite increases first and then decreases with the increase of the specific gravity of water-based acrylic resin in the blend resin. When the ratio of water-based polyurethane to water-based acrylic resin is 1:2, the bulletproof property is better. With the increase of resin content, the bulletproof property of Kevlar fiber UD sheet composite material increases first and then decreases. When the resin content is 19wt%, the bulletproof property is better. The bulletproof performance of Kevlar fiber UD sheet composite increases first and then decreases with the increase of hot pressing pressure, hot pressing temperature and hot pressing time. The bulletproof mechanism of Kevlar fiber UD sheet composite material is mainly divided into three stages, the first stage mainly absorbs energy in the way of fiber shear damage, the second stage mainly absorbs energy in the way of fiber tensile fracture, and the third stage mainly absorbs energy in the way of fiber tensile deformation. The Kevlar fiber UD sheet composite with 8UD/4UD/8UD structure has better bulletproof performance.
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表 1 弹道侵彻试验标准参数
Table 1. Ballistic penetration test standard parameters
Bullet specifications Impact velocity /(m·s−1) Back face deformation depth /mm Shooting distance /m Impact angle /(°) 7.62×17 445±10 <25 5 0 表 2 不同树脂比例靶板打靶结果
Table 2. Shooting results of target plates with different resin ratios
Serial number Resin (Polyurethane:
Acrylic acid)Number of layers Resin content /wt% Single-layer areal
density/(g·m−2)Target plate areal
density /(kg·m−2)Penetration 1 2∶1 45 17 187 8.40 NO 2 1∶1 44 18 190 8.36 NO 3 2∶3 45 17 188 8.46 NO 4 1∶2 44 19 192 8.42 NO 5 2∶5 44 17 189 8.30 NO 6 Acrylic acid 44 18 190 8.36 YES 表 3 不同树脂含量靶板打靶结果
Table 3. Shooting results of target plates with different resin content
Serial number Resin (Polyurethane:
Acrylic acid)Number of layers Resin content /wt% Single-layer areal
density y/(g·m−2)Target plate areal
density /(kg·m−2)Penetration 7 1∶2 50 10 168 8.32 NO 4 1∶2 44 19 192 8.42 NO 8 1∶2 40 26 208 8.30 NO 9 1∶2 37 32 227 8.37 NO 表 4 不同热压工艺靶板打靶结果
Table 4. Shooting results of target plates with different hot pressing processes
Serial number Hot pressing process Number of layers Resin content /wt% Target plate areal density /(kg·m−2) Penetration 10 7 MPa, 130℃, 20 min 42 21 8.34 NO 4 10 MPa, 130℃, 20 min 44 19 8.40 NO 11 14 MPa, 130℃, 20 min 42 21 8.30 NO 12 17 MPa, 130℃, 20 min 42 22 8.42 NO 13 10 MPa, 100℃, 20 min 42 22 8.39 NO 14 10 MPa, 160℃, 20 min 44 18 8.37 NO 15 10 MPa, 190℃, 20 min 43 20 8.43 YES 16 10 MPa, 130℃, 10 min 43 20 8.33 NO 17 10 MPa, 130℃, 15 min 43 20 8.37 NO 18 10 MPa, 130℃, 25 min 44 17 8.30 NO 表 5 不同结构 Kevlar纤维UD片材复合材料打靶结果
Table 5. Target shooting results of Kevlar fiber UD sheet composites with different structures
Serial number Structure Number of layers Mass ratio Resin content /wt% Target plate areal density /(kg·m−2) Penetration 20 4UD 44 - 18 8.37 NO 21 8UD/4UD 34 1∶1.2 18 8.37 NO 22 4UD/8UD 34 1.2∶1 18 8.38 NO 23 8UD/4UD/8UD 29 1∶1.1∶1 19 8.43 NO -
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