Preparation and performance optimization design of high ductility magnesium phosphate cementitious rapid repair material
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摘要: 针对路桥面铺装层沥青混凝土抗拉变形能力差引发开裂等病害，考虑减少因混凝土修补导致的交通阻碍，研制一种满足立方体抗压强度≥40 MPa、快硬(6 h)、高延性(极限延伸率≥0.50%、平均裂缝宽度≤200 μm)的高延性磷酸镁水泥基快速修补材料(HD-MPCRRM)。从凝结时间、抗压和抗折强度、立方体抗压强度及拉伸性能四个方面调控优化HD-MPCRRM性能，优选HD-MPCRRM配合比；采用XRD分析磷酸镁水泥(MPC)水化产物，采用SEM分析MPC微观形貌，揭示宏观性能机制。优化氧化镁(M)与磷酸二氢铵(P)质量比和硼砂掺量，可使MPC凝结时间不低于10 min。通过优化参数粉煤灰掺量、龄期、水胶比、早强剂种类和掺量以及砂胶比，养护6 h 后HD-MPCRRM立方体抗压强度为41.9 MPa，极限抗拉强度为6.1 MPa，极限延伸率为1.10%，平均裂缝宽度为117 μm。M/P主要会改变MPC体系水化产物类型，当M/P较小时，MPC水化产物有中间水化产物schertelite和最终水化产物鸟粪石，当M/P增加时，MPC中间产物schertelite会转变为鸟粪石。掺加粉煤灰和碳酸锂的MPC体系水化产物是鸟粪石。HD-MPCRRM的研制，不仅可为路桥面快速修补提供有效方法，采用MPC水泥替代硅酸盐水泥，减少碳排放。Abstract: In response to the cracking diseases caused by poor tensile deformation of asphalt concrete in road and bridge pavement, and to consider reducing traffic obstacles caused by concrete repair, the high ductility magnesium phosphate cementitious rapid repair material (HD-MPCRRM) was developed. HD-MPCRRM meet the requirements of cubic compressive strength more than 40 MPa, rapid hardening (6 h) and high ductility (ultimate tensile strain more than 0.50%, and average crack width less than 200 μm). Setting time, compressive and flexural strength, cubic compressive strength, and tensile property were tested to optimize the performance of HD-MPCRRM, and then the mixture proportion of HD-MPCRRM was selected. XRD was used to analyze the hydration products of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC), and SEM was adopted to observe the microstructure of MPC, which can reveal the macroscopic performance mechanism. Mass ratio of magnesium oxide (M) to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P) and borax content are optimized to make the setting time of MPC more than 10 minutes. By optimizing these factors of fly ash content, curing age, water-cement ratio, type and dosage of early strength agent, and sand-cement ratio, the cubic compressive strength of HD-MPCRRM is 41.9 MPa after 6 hours curing. The ultimate tensile strength is 6.1MPa, the ultimate tensile strain is 1.10%, and the average crack width of HD-MPCRRM is 117 μm. M/P mainly changes the type of hydration products of MPC system. When the value of M/P is small, the hydration products of MPC include schertelite and struvite. Schertelite is an intermediate hydration product, and struvite is a final hydration product. When the value of M/P increases, the schertelite product of MPC will transform into struvite. The hydration product of the MPC system with the addition of fly ash and lithium carbonate is struvite. The development of HD-MPCRRM not only provides an effective method for rapid repair of road and bridge pavements, and using MPC cement replaces Portland cement also can reduce carbon emissions.
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图 1 试件制备流程
Figure 1. Preparation process of specimen
M is MgO, P is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, BO is borax, FA is fly ash, RS is river sand, PS is polycarboxylate superplasticizer, Li is lithium carbonate, W is water
图 6 粉煤灰掺量对MPC水泥基复合材料抗压和抗折强度的影响
Figure 6. Effect of fly ash content on the compressive and flexural strength of MPC cementitious composite material
图 7 养护龄期对MPC水泥基复合材料抗压和抗折强度的影响
Figure 7. Effect of curing age on the compressive and flexural strength of MPC cementitious composite material
图 8 水胶比对MPC水泥基复合材料抗压和抗折强度的影响
Figure 8. Effect of water-binder ratio on the compressive and flexural strength of MPC cementitious composite material
图 9 早强剂对MPC水泥基复合材料抗压和抗折强度的影响
Figure 9. Effect of ESA content on the compressive and flexural strength of MPC cementitious composite material
图 10 养护龄期对掺加早强剂MPC水泥基复合材料抗压和抗折强度的影响
Figure 10. Effect of curing age on the compressive and flexural strength of MPC cementitious composite material with early strength agent
图 11 砂胶比对MPC水泥基复合材料立方体抗压强度的影响
Figure 11. Effect of sand-binder ratio on the cubic compressive strength of MPC cementitious composite material
图 12 水胶比对MPC水泥基复合材料立方体抗压强度的影响
Figure 12. Effect of water-binder ratio on the cubic compressive strength of MPC cementitious composite material
表 1 氧化镁的化学成分组成
Table 1. Chemical composition of magnesium oxide
Composition MgO SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO TiO2 SO3 Content/% 91.79 3.1 0.86 1.27 1.51 0.01 0.22 
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表 2 以凝结时间≥10 min为目标的MPC水泥基复合材料配合比设计(质量比)
Table 2. Mixture design of MPC cementitious composite material with purpose of setting time more than 10 min (by mass ratio)
Design factor W/B M/P BO/M /% FA/B /% M/P 0.3 2/3/4/5/6 25 0 0.3 2/3/4/5/6 30 0 Content of BO 0.3 2 15/20/25/30/35 0 0.3 3 15/20/25/30/35 0 0.3 4 10/15/20/25/30/35/40 0 0.3 5 15/20/25/30/35/40 0 0.3 6 15/20/25/30/35/40 0 Content of FA 0.3 2 25 0/20/30/40/50/60 0.3 2 30 0/20/30/40/50/60 0.3 2 35 0/20/30/40/50/60 0.3 3 30 0/20/30/40/50/60 0.3 3 35 0/20/30/40/50/60 0.3 4 40 0/20/30/40/50/60 Notes: W/B is water-binder ratio, M/P is the mass ratio of magnesium oxide (M) to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P), BO/M is the mass ratio of borax to magnesium oxide, FA/B is the mass ratio of fly ash to binder.
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表 3 MPC水泥基复合材料初步配合比设计(质量比)
Table 3. Preliminary mixture design of MPC cementitious composite material (by mass ratio)
Design factor W/B M/P BO/M/% FA/B/% RS/B ESA/B/% PVA fiber/% Content of FA 0.3 2 25 0/30/40/50/60 0.3 — 2 0.3 3 30 0/30/40/50/60 0.3 — 2 0.3 4 40 0/30/40/50/60 0.3 — 2 Curing age 0.3 2 25 20 0.3 — 2 W/B 0.27/0.28/0.29/0.3/0.31 2 25 20 0.3 — 2 ESA 0.29 2 25 20 0.3 Li 0/0.5/1/1.5/2/3 2 0.29 2 25 20 0.3 CF 0/0.5/1/1.5/2/3 2 0.29 2 25 20 0.3 ASS 0/0.5/1/1.5/2/3 2 Notes: PVA fiber is added by volume fraction, RS/B is the mass ratio of river sand to binder, ESA/B is the mass ratio of early strength agent to binder.
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表 4 MPC水泥基复合材料配合比优化设计(质量比)
Table 4. Optimization mixture design of MPC cementitious composite material (by mass ratio)
Design factor W/B M/P BO/M/% FA/B/% RS/B Li/B/% PS/B/% PVA fiber/% RS/B 0.2 2 25 20 0.8/0.9/1.0/1.1/1.2 3 1.1 2 W/B 0.16/0.18/0.2/0.22/0.24 2 25 20 1.0 3 1.1 2 0.17/0.18/0.2/0.22/0.24 3 30 20 0.3 3 1.1 2 Notes: PVA fiber is added by volume fraction, Li/B is the mass ratio of lithium carbonate to binder, PS/B is the mass ratio of polycarboxylate superplasticizer to binder.
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表 5 MPC净浆配合比 (kg/m3)
Table 5. Mixture of MPC pure paste (kg/m3)
Specimen ID M P BO FA Li M2F0L0 633.3 316.7 158.3 0 0 M4F0L0 760 190 304 0 0 M3F0L0 712.5 237.5 213.75 0 0 M3F2L0 570 190 171 190 0 M3F3L0 498.75 166.25 149.6 285 0 M3F2L3 570 190 171 190 28.5 Notes: The specimen ID contains three parts, the first part is the mass ratio of magnesium oxide (M) to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P), the second part is the mass ratio of fly ash to binder, and the third part is the mass ratio of lithium carbonate to binder. Such as, M3F2L3means the mass ratio of magnesium oxide (M) to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P) is 3, the mass ratio of fly ash to binder is 20%, and the mass ratio of lithium carbonate to binder is 3%. M is MgO, P is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, BO is borax, FA is fly ash, Li is lithium carbonate.
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