Research on damage performance of steel tube reinforced by CFRP under three-point bending loads based on acoustic emission and bat algorithm
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摘要: 研究了碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, CFRP)加固Q345钢管在弯曲负荷下的损伤性能。通过三点弯曲试验,采用吸能特性分析方法评估不同加固方式下的抗弯强度和能量吸收性能。采用声发射(Acoustic emission, AE)技术,对比分析了不同CFRP铺层方式对钢管的加固效果,以及探究结构内部损伤和弯曲破坏的声学特征演化规律。最后提出了蝙蝠算法(Bat algorithm, BA)优化最小二乘支持向量机(Least squares support vector machine, LSSVM)的损伤分类预测模型。研究发现,增加CFRP缠绕层数可以显著提升钢管的抗弯强度和吸能能力,但增大缠绕角度会降低结构性能。通过对比分析不同加固方式下试件的声发射信号,证实了声发射技术在揭示碳纤维复合材料钢管弯曲过程中的损伤模式方面的有效性。能量概率密度的分析和最大似然评估显示,无论加固方式如何,复合管在不同能量级别上均遵循幂律分布,且能量分布指数随着CFRP缠绕层数增加而增大、随着缠绕角度增加而减小。所建立的BA-LSSVM损伤分类模型对试件损伤过程中的损伤程度分类准确性高达98%以上。Abstract: In this study, the damage performance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthened Q345 steel tubes under bending loads was researched. Through three-point bending tests, the bending strength and energy absorption performance under different reinforcement methods were evaluated using energy characteristic analysis. Additionally, using acoustic emission (AE) techniques, the reinforcement effects of different CFRP layup methods on steel tubes were comparatively analyzed, as well as exploring the evolution of acoustic characteristics of internal damage and bending failure. Finally, a damage classification model optimized by the bat algorithm (BA) for the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) was proposed. The study finds that CFRP winding layers increasing can significantly enhance the bending strength and energy absorption capacity of the steel tubes, but increasing the winding angle will reduce the structural performance. By comparing the acoustic emission signals of specimens under different reinforcement methods, the effectiveness of acoustic emission technology in revealing the damage modes of carbon fiber reinforced steel tubes during bending was confirmed. Analysis of energy probability density and maximum likelihood estimation shows that, the composite tubes acoustic emission energy follow a power-law distribution at different energy levels, with the energy distribution exponent increasing with the increase of CFRP winding layers and decreasing with the increase of winding angle. The BA-LSSVM model was established to classify the degree of damage during the specimens damage process, with an accuracy of over 98%.
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表 1 钢管及碳纤维性能参数
Table 1. Performance parameters of steel pipe and carbon fiber
Steel tube Carbon fiber Tensile strength/
MPaYield strength /
MPaExtension rate Gram weight/
(g·m−2)Tensile strength/
MPaElastic modulus/
GPaElongation rate 670 409 16 300 3870 2.45 1.74 表 2 试件名称及参数
Table 2. Name and parameters
Test specimens CFRP winding layers CFRP winding angle/(°) Quality/g ST - - 1651 C2T0 2 0 1799 C4T0 4 0 1953 C2T30 2 30 1798 C2T60 2 60 1801 C2T90 2 90 1800 Note: ST—Steel tube. -
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