基于声发射和蝙蝠算法的三点弯曲作用下CFRP加固钢管的损伤性能研究

周灵杰; 佘艳华; 何佳明; 黄俊杰; 谢玉强

基于声发射和蝙蝠算法的三点弯曲作用下CFRP加固钢管的损伤性能研究

长江大学　城市建设学院, 荆州 434023

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (51408057)；住房与城乡建设部科学技术项目 (2021-K-086)

详细信息

通讯作者:
佘艳华，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为工程材料和结构检测　E-mail: syh916@126.com

中图分类号: TB333
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- 文章访问数: 70
- HTML全文浏览量: 50
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-13
- 修回日期: 2024-04-16
- 录用日期: 2024-05-01
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-05

Research on damage performance of steel tube reinforced by CFRP under three-point bending loads based on acoustic emission and bat algorithm

School of Urban Construction, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (51408057); Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development Science and Technology Project (2021-K-086)

摘要

摘要: 研究了碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, CFRP)加固Q345钢管在弯曲负荷下的损伤性能。通过三点弯曲试验，采用吸能特性分析方法评估不同加固方式下的抗弯强度和能量吸收性能。采用声发射(Acoustic emission, AE)技术，对比分析了不同CFRP铺层方式对钢管的加固效果，以及探究结构内部损伤和弯曲破坏的声学特征演化规律。最后提出了蝙蝠算法(Bat algorithm, BA)优化最小二乘支持向量机(Least squares support vector machine, LSSVM)的损伤分类预测模型。研究发现，增加CFRP缠绕层数可以显著提升钢管的抗弯强度和吸能能力，但增大缠绕角度会降低结构性能。通过对比分析不同加固方式下试件的声发射信号，证实了声发射技术在揭示碳纤维复合材料钢管弯曲过程中的损伤模式方面的有效性。能量概率密度的分析和最大似然评估显示，无论加固方式如何，复合管在不同能量级别上均遵循幂律分布，且能量分布指数随着CFRP缠绕层数增加而增大、随着缠绕角度增加而减小。所建立的BA-LSSVM损伤分类模型对试件损伤过程中的损伤程度分类准确性高达98%以上。
- CFRP加固钢管 /
- 三点弯曲 /
- 损伤性能 /
- 声发射 /
- BA优化LSSVM
Abstract: In this study, the damage performance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthened Q345 steel tubes under bending loads was researched. Through three-point bending tests, the bending strength and energy absorption performance under different reinforcement methods were evaluated using energy characteristic analysis. Additionally, using acoustic emission (AE) techniques, the reinforcement effects of different CFRP layup methods on steel tubes were comparatively analyzed, as well as exploring the evolution of acoustic characteristics of internal damage and bending failure. Finally, a damage classification model optimized by the bat algorithm (BA) for the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) was proposed. The study finds that CFRP winding layers increasing can significantly enhance the bending strength and energy absorption capacity of the steel tubes, but increasing the winding angle will reduce the structural performance. By comparing the acoustic emission signals of specimens under different reinforcement methods, the effectiveness of acoustic emission technology in revealing the damage modes of carbon fiber reinforced steel tubes during bending was confirmed. Analysis of energy probability density and maximum likelihood estimation shows that, the composite tubes acoustic emission energy follow a power-law distribution at different energy levels, with the energy distribution exponent increasing with the increase of CFRP winding layers and decreasing with the increase of winding angle. The BA-LSSVM model was established to classify the degree of damage during the specimens damage process, with an accuracy of over 98%.
- CFRP reinforced steel tube /
- three-point bending /
- damage performance /
- acoustic emission /
- BA optimized LSSVM

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图 1 CFRP-钢复合管的制备

Figure 1. Preparation of CFRP-steel composite tube

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图 2 加载装置图(单位：mm)

Figure 2. Loading device diagram (Unit: mm)

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图 3 AE传感器布置位置

Figure 3. Location of the AE sensor arrangement

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图 4 CFRP增强钢管的破坏形式

Figure 4. Failure forms of CFRP-reinforced tube components

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图 5 ST和C2T0荷载-位移曲线

Figure 5. ST and C2T0 load-displacement curves

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图 6 CFRP加固钢管的荷载-位移曲线

Figure 6. Load-displacement curves of CFRP-reinforced steel tubes

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图 7 CFRP加固钢管的吸能特性参数对比

Figure 7. Comparison of energy absorption characteristic parameters of CFRP-reinforced steel tubes

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图 8 CFRP加固钢管的声发射信号特征参数图

Figure 8. Acoustic emission signal characteristic parameter diagram of CFRP-reinforced steel tubes

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图 9 CFRP加固钢管的能量释放特征

Figure 9. Energy release characteristics of CFRP reinforced steel tubes

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图 10 CFRP加固钢管的声发射能量概率密度分布图

Figure 10. Probability density distribution of AE energy of CFRP-reinforced steel tubes

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图 11 CFRP加固钢管的声发射能量临界指数最大似然估计曲线

Figure 11. Maximum likelihood estimation curve of AE energy critical index of CFRP-reinforced steel tubes

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图 12 蝙蝠算法流程图

Figure 12. Bat algorithm flowchart

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图 13 BA-LSSVM流程图

Figure 13. BA-LSSVM flowchart

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图 14 CFRP加固钢管的预测损伤类型与实际损伤类型对比图

Figure 14. Comparison chart of predicted damage types and actual damage types of CFRP-reinforced steel tubes

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表 1 钢管及碳纤维性能参数

Table 1. Performance parameters of steel pipe and carbon fiber

Steel tube			Carbon fiber
Tensile strength/ MPa	Yield strength / MPa	Extension rate	Gram weight/ (g·m⁻²)	Tensile strength/ MPa	Elastic modulus/ GPa	Elongation rate
670	409	16	300	3870	2.45	1.74

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表 2 试件名称及参数

Table 2. Name and parameters

Test specimens	CFRP winding layers	CFRP winding angle/(°)	Quality/g
ST	-	-	1651
C2T0	2	0	1799
C4T0	4	0	1953
C2T30	2	30	1798
C2T60	2	60	1801
C2T90	2	90	1800
Note: ST—Steel tube.

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