多尺度模拟法研究腔体结构麻纤维增强树脂基复合材料拉伸模量

夏凡; 何莉萍; 陈大川

多尺度模拟法研究腔体结构麻纤维增强树脂基复合材料拉伸模量

夏凡^{1, 2},
何莉萍^{1, 2, ,},
陈大川³

1.
湖南大学整车先进设计制造技术全国重点实验室, 长沙, 410082
2.
湖南大学机械与运载工程学院, 长沙, 410082
3.
湖南大学土木工程学院, 长沙, 410082

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3704803)；湖南大学整车先进设计制造技术全国重点实验室研究课题(No.72175004)

详细信息

通讯作者:
何莉萍，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为纤维增强复合材料　E-mail: lphe@hnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- HTML全文浏览量: 29
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-12
- 修回日期: 2024-08-15
- 录用日期: 2024-08-25
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-31

Investigation on tensile modulus of lumen-bast fiber reinforced composites using multiscale simulation method

XIA Fan^{1, 2},
HE Liping^{1, 2
, ,},
CHEN Dachuan³

1.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicles, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082
2.
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082
3.
College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082

Funds: National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3704803); Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle (No. 72175004)

摘要

摘要: 本研究针对现有植物麻纤维增强复合材料弹性模量预测模型中，未能充分考虑麻纤维独特的腔体微观结构特征，难以准确获取真实纤维特征参数并预测麻纤维增强复合材料弹性模量的现状，综合混合定律和Micro-CT技术，提出了基于麻纤维腔体结构特征的麻纤维等效模型及其弹性模量计算公式。在此基础上，采用多尺度模拟法构建基于腔体结构的苎麻纤维增强树脂基复合材料(RFPC)的代表性体积元(RVE)模型并求解了RFPC的拉伸模量。并通过RFPC拉伸实验测试结果验证了RVE模型的有效性。另一方面，本文采用正交试验设计和方差分析探讨了纤维含量、纤维空腔占比、纤维取向和纤维长径比4个参数对RFPC拉伸弹性模量的影响权重，从而明确了纤维含量和纤维取向是影响复合材料拉伸弹性模量的主要因素。运用多项式拟合法获得了以上述4个参数为自变量的麻纤维增强树脂基复合材料拉伸弹性模量预测公式，并系统揭示了影响RFPC拉伸模量的参数主效应和参数两两之间的协同效应规律。本研究提出的基于腔体结构的植物麻纤维增强树脂基复合材料弹性模量预测方法，可望为麻纤维增强树脂基一大类复合材料的拉伸性能调控提供新方法。
- 腔体结构 /
- 麻纤维 /
- 树脂基复合材料 /
- 正交试验设计 /
- 拉伸模量预测
Abstract: Currently, the models for predicting the tensile modulus of bast fiber reinforced composites have not considered unique lumen microstructure of bast fibers. Therefore, in the present work, an equivalent model of lumen-bast fiber and its theoretical formula for calculating the elastic modulus were proposed in this study by combining the rule of mixture and Micro-CT technology. On this basis, a representative volume element (RVE) model of ramie fiber reinforced composite (RFPC) which considered lumen microstructures was established using multiscale simulation method, and its tensile modulus was computed. The validity of the RVE model was verified by experimental results. Additionally, the influence weights of four parameters (fiber content, fiber lumen ratio, fiber orientation, and aspect ratio) on the tensile elastic modulus of RFPC were investigated using orthogonal experimental design and variance analysis. It was found that fiber content and fiber orientation are the primary factors affecting the tensile modulus of RFPCs. A polynomial fitting method was employed to obtain a predictive equation for estimating the tensile modulus of RFPC using these four parameters as independent variables. The main effects and synergistic effects of parameters on the tensile modulus of RFPC were systematically analyzed. This research provides a prediction method for estimating the tensile modulus of lumen-bast fiber reinforced composites and can be served as a theoretical basis for controlling their tensile performance.
- lumen structure /
- bast fibers /
- composites /
- orthogonal design /
- prediction of tensile modulus

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图 1 苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料CT扫描(a)工作台(b) CT扫描2D图(c) CT扫描3D图(d)图像处理前(e)图像处理后

Figure 1. CT scan of RFPC (a) workstation (b) 2D pictures (c) 3D pictures (d) before image process (e) after image process

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图 2 苎麻纤维等效模型(a)(b)苎麻纤维SEM截面图^[14][15](c)含空腔麻纤维等效为实心结构

Figure 2. Equivalent model of ramie fiber (a)(b) SEM images of ramie fiber(c) ramie fiber with lumen equivalent to solid

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图 3 纤维取向

Figure 3. Fiber orientation

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图 4 纤维取向三角和三角端点ABC对应的纤维取向状态

Figure 4. Orientation triangle of fiber and corresponding states of its vertex

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图 5 苎麻纤维长径比分布图

Figure 5. Aspect ratio distribution of ramie fibers

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图 6 苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料拉伸模量模拟和实验结果对比

Figure 6. Comparison of simulation and experimental results of tensile modulus of ramie fiber reinforced composites (Notes：RF – ramie fiber，LRF – lumen-ramie fiber)

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图 7 苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料正交实验RVE有限元模型

Figure 7. RVE finite element models of ramie fiber reinforced composites for orthogonal experiment

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图 8 苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料拉伸模量均值折线图

Figure 8. Mean line chart for tensile modulus of ramie fiber reinforced composites

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图 9 纤维含量和纤维长径比对苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料拉伸模量影响的主效应图(a)纤维含量(b)纤维长径比

Figure 9. Main effects of fiber content and fiber orientation on tensile modulus of ramie fiber reinforced composite (a)fiber content (b)fiber aspect ratio

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图 10 纤维参数协同作用对苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料拉伸模量的影响(a)空腔占比和纤维含量(b)纤维取向和纤维含量(c)纤维长径比和纤维含量(d)纤维取向和空腔占比(e)空腔占比和纤维长径比(f)纤维长径比和纤维取向

Figure 10. Synergistic effects of fiber parameters on tensile modulus of ramie fiber reinforced composites (a) lumen volume fraction and fiber content (b) fiber orientation and fiber content (c) fiber aspect ratio and fiber content (d) fiber orientation and lumen volume fraction (e) lumen volume fraction and fiber aspect ratio (f) fiber aspect ratio and fiber orientation

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表 1 CT扫描获取苎麻增强复合材料中苎麻纤维取向张量分量值、长度和直径分布参数

Table 1. Distribution parameters of orientation tensor components, length and diameters of ramie fibers in the ramie fiber reinforced composite from CT scanning

Parameters	Max	Min	Mean
$ {\lambda }_{1} $	1.00	0.00	0.83
$ {\lambda }_{2} $	1.00	0.00	0.14
$ {\lambda }_{3} $	0.92	0.00	0.03
L/μm	505	65	122
d/μm	86	3	20
Notes：$ {\lambda }_{1} $、$ {\lambda }_{2} $、$ {\lambda }_{3} $-fiber orientation tensor components, L-fiber length，d-fiber diameter

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表 2 苎麻纤维与聚丙烯力学性能参数

Table 2. Mechanical properties of ramie fiber and polypropylene in materials

Components	Elastic modulus/ MPa	Density/ (g·cm⁻³)	Poisson's Ratio
Ramie fiber	61400	1.550	0.30
Polypropylene(PP)	790	0.904	0.42

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表 3 仿真实验水平和因素

Table 3. Simulation experiment levels and factors

Level	Factors
Level	A/wt%	B/vol%	C	D
1	5	16	0.4	2
2	10	18	0.6	6
3	15	20	0.8	10
4	20	22	1.0	14
Notes：A - fiber content，B - lumen volume fraction，C - fiber orientation tensor component $ {\lambda }_{1} $，D - fiber aspect ratio

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表 4 苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料拉伸模量正交试验结果

Table 4. Orthogonal experimental results for tensile modulus of ramie fiber reinforced composites

No.	Factors				Evaluation metrics
No.	A/wt%	B/vol%	C	D	Tensile Modulus/MPa
1	1	1	1	1	836.1
2	1	2	2	2	955.6
3	1	3	3	3	1084.0
4	1	4	4	4	1234.7
5	2	1	2	3	1185.5
6	2	2	1	4	1131.7
7	2	3	4	1	991.1
8	2	4	3	2	1195.1
9	3	1	3	4	2149.3
10	3	2	4	3	2255.0
11	3	3	1	2	1187.3
12	3	4	2	1	1070.1
13	4	1	4	2	2051.8
14	4	2	3	1	1191.0
15	4	3	2	4	2202.0
16	4	4	1	3	1426.8
Notes：A – code of fiber content，B - code of lumen volume fraction，C - code of fiber orientation tensor component $ {\lambda }_{1} $，D - code of fiber aspect ratio，TM-tensile modulus

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表 5 苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料拉伸模量方差分析

Table 5. Analysis of variance for tensile modulus of ramie fiber reinforced composites

Factor	Df	Sum Sq	Mean Sq	F value	P value
A	3	1537406	512469	4.127	0.137
B	3	211984	70661	0.569	0.673
C	3	481388	160463	1.292	0.419
D	3	921524	307175	2.474	0.238
Notes：Df – degree of freedom，Sum Sq – sum of squares，Mean Sq – mean of squares

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表 6 苎麻/聚丙烯复合材料拉伸模量正交实验结果与拟合结果误差表

Table 6. Errors between orthogonal experimental results and fitting results for tensile modulus of ramie fiber reinforced composites

No.	Factors				Tensile modulus/MPa
No.	$ {x}_{1} $/wt%	$ {x}_{2} $/vol%	$ {x}_{3} $	$ {x}_{4} $	Fitting values	Simulation values	Error/%
1	5	16	0.4	2	841.1	836.1	0.59
2	5	18	0.6	6	955.0	955.6	−0.06
3	5	20	0.8	10	1084.6	1084.0	0.05
4	5	22	1.0	14	1229.7	1234.7	−0.40
5	10	16	0.6	10	1167.7	1185.5	−1.50
6	10	18	0.4	14	1135.3	1131.7	0.32
7	10	20	1.0	2	987.5	991.1	−0.36
8	10	22	0.8	6	1212.9	1195.1	1.49
9	15	16	0.8	14	2167.1	2149.3	0.83
10	15	18	1.0	10	2258.6	2255.0	0.16
11	15	20	0.4	6	1183.7	1187.3	−0.30
12	15	22	0.6	2	1052.3	1070.1	−1.67
13	20	16	1.0	6	2039.3	2051.8	−0.61
14	20	18	0.8	2	1207.1	1191.0	1.35
15	20	20	0.6	14	2185.9	2202.0	−0.73
16	20	22	0.4	10	1439.3	1426.8	0.88
Notes：$ {x}_{1} $− fiber content，$ {x}_{2} $− lumen volume fraction，$ {x}_{3} $− fiber orientation tensor component $ {\lambda }_{1} $，$ {x}_{4} $− fiber aspect ratio

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