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ZrO2纳米颗粒表面修饰对纳米流体稳定性及热物性的影响

周博婕 白福伟 翟玉玲 彭一倩

周博婕, 白福伟, 翟玉玲, 等. ZrO2纳米颗粒表面修饰对纳米流体稳定性及热物性的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2024, 43(0): 1-9.
引用本文: 周博婕, 白福伟, 翟玉玲, 等. ZrO2纳米颗粒表面修饰对纳米流体稳定性及热物性的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2024, 43(0): 1-9.
ZHOU Bojie, BAI Fuwei, ZHAI Yuling, et al. Stability and thermophysical characterization of ZrO2 nanoparticles by surface-modified[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica.
Citation: ZHOU Bojie, BAI Fuwei, ZHAI Yuling, et al. Stability and thermophysical characterization of ZrO2 nanoparticles by surface-modified[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica.

ZrO2纳米颗粒表面修饰对纳米流体稳定性及热物性的影响

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52266002)、云南省基础研究项目(202401AT070380)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    翟玉玲,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为微纳尺度多相流动与传热 E-mail: zhaiyuling00@126.com

  • 中图分类号: TK124;TB333

Stability and thermophysical characterization of ZrO2 nanoparticles by surface-modified

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52266002); Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province (No.202401AT070380).
  • 摘要: 纳米流体因具有优良的热物性被广泛用于换热设备中,但较差的稳定性限制了工业化应用。为了提高纳米流体的稳定性和传热性能,采用真空干燥法将β-环糊精(β-CD)接枝到ZrO2纳米颗粒表面,比对修饰前后纳米颗粒的形貌特征、表面官能团及分子结构变化情况。此外,采用两步法制备体积分数为0.06 vol.% 的ZrO2/乙二醇(EG):去离子水(DI)和β-ZrO2/EG:DI纳米流体,通过沉降观察法和透射电镜(TEM)共同表征修饰前后纳米流体的稳定程度,并研究了纳米流体在20-60 ℃温度下的黏度和导热系数的变化规律。实验结果表明,表面附着了聚合物的β-ZrO2纳米颗粒之间产生了空间位阻,削弱了颗粒的团聚趋势,有利于保持纳米流体的长期稳定。与室温下的ZrO2纳米流体相比,β-ZrO2纳米流体中颗粒分散更加均匀,静置2天后团聚体的沉降速度减小了57.90%。在60 ℃时,β-ZrO2/EG:DI的黏度与ZrO2/EG:DI纳米流体相比无明显变化,而导热系数增大了10.25%。这是因为,包裹在β-ZrO2纳米颗粒表面的聚合物形成了弹性层,使得已修饰颗粒间产生弹性碰撞,从而引起微对流达到强化换热的效果。因此,在不影响纳米流体热物性的前提下,纳米颗粒表面修饰是改善纳米流体稳定性的有效方式之一。

     

  • 图  1  纳米颗粒表面修饰及纳米流体制备示意图

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of nanoparticle surface modification and nanofluid preparation

    图  2  不同纳米颗粒XRD图谱

    Figure  2.  XRD patterns of different nanoparticles

    图  3  纳米颗粒的FTIR图谱

    Figure  3.  FTIR patterns of different nanoparticles

    图  4  (a) ZrO2纳米颗粒;(b) ZrO2纳米流体;(c) β-ZrO2纳米颗粒;(d) β-ZrO2纳米流体的SEM

    Figure  4.  SEM images of (a) ZrO2 nanoparticles; (b) ZrO2 nanofluid; (c) β-ZrO2 nanoparticles; (d) β-ZrO2 nanofluid

    图  5  (a) ZrO2/EG:DI (b) β-ZrO2/EG:DI纳米流体的TEM及粒径分布图

    Figure  5.  TEM images and agglomerate particle size distributions of (a) ZrO2/EG:DI (b) β-ZrO2/EG:DI nanofluids

    图  6  纳米流体中颗粒沉降速度随温度变化情况

    Figure  6.  Settling velocity of different nanofluids as a function of temperature.

    图  7  纳米流体(a)黏度 (b)导热系数随温度变化情况

    Figure  7.  Variation of (a) viscosity and (b) thermal conductivity of nanofluids with temperature.

    图  8  改性纳米颗粒稳定性及热物性增强机理 (a)弹性层分子结构;(b)空间位阻;(c) SEM;(d)沉降图;(e)弹性碰撞;(f)导热系数示意图

    Figure  8.  Mechanism of enhanced stability and thermophysical property of modified nanofluids: (a) molecular structure of the elastic layer; (b) steric potential resistance; (c) SEM; (d) sedimentation diagram; (e) elastic collision; (f) diagram of thermal conductivity.

    图  9  纳米流体在 (a)层流区 (b)湍流区的对流换热性能

    Figure  9.  Convective heat transfer performance of nanofluids in (a) laminar flow region (b) turbulent flow region

    表  1  纳米颗粒及基液的物理参数

    Table  1.   Physical Parameters of Nanoparticles and Base fluids

    Material Density/
    (kg·m−3)
    Specific heat capacity/
    (J·kg−1·K−1)
    Thermal conductivity/
    (W·m−1·K−1)
    Manufacturers
    ZrO2 nanoparticles 5850 713 2 Beijing Deke Daojin Science and Technology
    Ethylene glycol 1110 2395 0.256 Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology
    Deionized water 998.2 4185 0.599 Labs
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2024-09-18
  • 修回日期:  2024-10-16
  • 录用日期:  2024-10-17
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-10-29

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