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基于微观调控的聚丙烯/聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯/碳纳米管电磁屏蔽材料的制备与性能

张旭 谢林生 朱惠豪 李果 马玉录 王玉

张旭, 谢林生, 朱惠豪, 等. 基于微观调控的聚丙烯/聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯/碳纳米管电磁屏蔽材料的制备与性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2024, 41(11): 5958-5966. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20240024.001
引用本文: 张旭, 谢林生, 朱惠豪, 等. 基于微观调控的聚丙烯/聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯/碳纳米管电磁屏蔽材料的制备与性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2024, 41(11): 5958-5966. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20240024.001
ZHANG Xu, XIE Linsheng, ZHU Huihao, et al. Preparation and properties of micromodulation-based polypropylene/polybutylene terephthalate/carbon nanotube electromagnetic shielding materials[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2024, 41(11): 5958-5966. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20240024.001
Citation: ZHANG Xu, XIE Linsheng, ZHU Huihao, et al. Preparation and properties of micromodulation-based polypropylene/polybutylene terephthalate/carbon nanotube electromagnetic shielding materials[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2024, 41(11): 5958-5966. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20240024.001

基于微观调控的聚丙烯/聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯/碳纳米管电磁屏蔽材料的制备与性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20240024.001
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    王玉,博士,助理研究员,研究方向为过程装备及材料加工 E-mail: wangyu_ecust@ecust.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TB332

Preparation and properties of micromodulation-based polypropylene/polybutylene terephthalate/carbon nanotube electromagnetic shielding materials

  • 摘要: 电子设备对外界环境造成的电磁污染已经成为继噪声污染、大气污染、水污染、固体废物污染之后的又一大公害,因此高性能电磁屏蔽材料的研制与开发已经成为现今材料科学研究的热点。本文通过调整聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、碳纳米管(CNTs)在熔融共混过程中的共混方式,借助CNTs对PBT的定向迁移行为调控PP/PBT/CNTs共混物中聚合物相的相畴尺寸。通过形貌分析、动态流变和结晶行为测试,研究了复合材料微观形貌对其电磁屏蔽特性的影响。研究结果表明:相比于PP相,CNTs对PBT相的亲和作用更强,在4种共混方式中始终位于PBT相畴内;当采用PP/CNTs母料法制备PP/PBT/CNTs复合材料时,所得到的复合材料内部PBT的相畴尺寸更小,PP和PBT间的相容性更高,此时导电通路和界面面积都显著增加,复合材料内部形成了更加密集均匀的导电网络结构,因此所制备的聚合物基复合材料的电导率显著提升,达到29.60 S/m,电磁屏蔽效能在X波段(8.2~12.4 GHz)达到35.6 dB,远超过商业电磁屏蔽材料的需求。

     

  • 图  1  PP-CNTs/PBT复合材料微观形貌图像(a)及氧元素分布图(b)

    Figure  1.  Microscopic morphology (a) and oxygen distribution (b) of PP-CNTs/PBT composites

    图  2  不同共混方式所制备的复合材料的微观形貌

    Figure  2.  Microscopic morphology of composites prepared by different blending methods

    图  3  不同共混方式所制备的复合材料刻蚀PP相后的微观形貌

    Figure  3.  Microscopic morphology of composite materials after etching PP phase prepared by different blending methods

    图  4  PP、PBT、PP-CNTs和PBT-CNTs的剪切黏度随剪切速率的变化曲线

    Figure  4.  Shear viscosity of PP, PBT, PP-CNTs and PBT-CNTs as a function of shear rate

    图  5  不同共混方式所制备的复合材料的动态流变性能

    Figure  5.  Dynamic rheological properties of composites prepared by different blending methods

    图  6  不同共混方式所制备复合材料的结晶曲线(a)和熔融曲线(b)

    Tc,PP—Peak crystallization temperature of PP phase; Tc,PBT—Peak crystallization temperature of PBT phase; ∆Tc—Difference between the crystallization peak temperature of the PP phase and the PBT phase; Tm,PP—Peak melting temperature of PP phase; Tm,PBT—Peak melting temperature of PBT phase; Xc,PP—Crystallinity of the PP phase; Xc,PBT—Crystallinity of the PBT phase

    Figure  6.  Crystallization curves (a) and melting curves (b) of composites prepared by different blending methods

    图  7  不同共混方式样品的电磁屏蔽效率(EMI SE)

    Figure  7.  Electromagnetic shielding efficiency (EMI SE) of samples with different blending methods

    图  8  不同共混方式样品的电导率

    Figure  8.  Conductivity of samples with different blending methods

    图  9  聚合物相相畴尺度对复合材料电磁屏蔽性能影响机制示意图

    Figure  9.  Schematic diagram of the influence mechanism of polymer phase domain scale on the electromagnetic shielding performance of composite materials

    图  10  不同共混方式所制备的复合材料拉伸强度柱状图

    Figure  10.  Histograms of the tensile strength of composites prepared by different blending methods

    表  1  样品名称及共混方式

    Table  1.   Sample names and blending methods

    SampleBlending method
    PP/PBT/CNTsOne-step method 12 min
    PP-PBT/CNTs①PP+PBT 3 min; ②PP-PBT+CNTs 12 min
    PP-CNTs/PBT①PP+CNTs 12 min; ②PP-CNTs+PBT 3 min
    PBT-CNTs/PP① PBT+CNTs 12 min; ②PBT-CNTs+PP 3 min
    Notes: PP—Polypropylene; PBT—Polybutylene terephthalate; CNTs—Carbon nanotubes
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  各组分表面张力值

    Table  2.   Surface tension values of each component

    Sample Surface tension/(mJ·m−2)
    $\gamma $ $ \gamma\mathrm{^d} $ $ \gamma\mathrm{^p} $
    PP 22.3 14.2 8.1
    PBT 24.1 16.4 7.7
    CNTs[28] 27.8 17.6 10.2
    Notes: $\gamma $—Surface energy; $ \gamma\mathrm{^d} $—Dispersive surface energy; $ \gamma\mathrm{^p} $—Polar surface energy.
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-12-12
  • 修回日期:  2024-01-11
  • 录用日期:  2024-01-15
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-01-24
  • 刊出日期:  2024-11-15

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