对位芳纶纤维界面改性技术研究进展

李杉杉; 尚诗杰; 王娜娜; 乔子航; 周存

对位芳纶纤维界面改性技术研究进展

李杉杉¹,
尚诗杰²,
王娜娜¹,
乔子航¹,
周存^{1, 3, ,}

1.
天津工业大学, 纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
2.
天津工业大学, 化学工程与技术学院, 天津 300387
3.
天津市纺织纤维界面处理技术工程中心, 天津 300270

详细信息

通讯作者:
周存，工学博士，研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为纺织助剂、纤维改性与界面处理技术。　E-mail: zhoucun@tiangong.edu.cn

中图分类号: TQ342+.72, TB332
计量
- 文章访问数: 90
- HTML全文浏览量: 44
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-17
- 修回日期: 2024-05-25
- 录用日期: 2024-05-31
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-22

Research progress on interfacial modification technology of para-aramid fiber

1.
College of Textile Science and Engineering Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2.
College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
3.
Tianjin Textile Fiber Interface Treatment Technology Engineering Center, Tianjin 300270, China

摘要

摘要: 芳纶纤维作为一种新兴的高性能纤维，具有多种优异独特的性能，在先进复合材料、防护用品、高性能结构材料等领域具有广泛的应用。芳纶的表面惰性导致其复合材料的界面粘结性能不良，为满足高性能芳纶复合材料的开发应用，芳纶纤维表面改性研究方兴未艾。本文综述了近年来芳纶表面改性技术的发展现状与研究进展，讨论了不同表面改性技术对芳纶及其复合材料界面性能的影响，对不同改性方法的改性效果的及其工业化前景进行了比较，对目前芳纶表面改性技术存在主要的问题进行了分析，并从产业化角度探讨了未来芳纶纤维及其复合材料界面处理技术可能的发展方向。
- 芳纶纤维 /
- 复合材料 /
- 芳纶改性 /
- 界面性能 /
- 改性技术
Abstract: As an emerging high-performance fiber, aramid fiber has a variety of excellent and unique properties, and has a wide range of applications in advanced composite materials, protective products, high-performance structural materials and other fields. The surface inertness of aramid fiber leads to poor interfacial bonding performance of its composites. In order to meet the development and application of high-performance aramid composites, the research on surface modification of aramid fiber is in the ascendant. In this paper, the development status and research progress of aramid fiber surface modification technology in recent years are reviewed. The effects of different surface modification technologies on the interfacial properties of aramid fiber and its composites are discussed. The modification effects of different modification methods and their industrialization prospects are compared. The main problems existing in the surface modification technology of aramid fiber are analyzed, and the possible development direction of interface treatment technology of aramid fiber and its composites in the future is discussed from the perspective of industrialization.
- aramid fiber /
- composite materials /
- modification of aramid fiber /
- interface performance /
- modification technology

HTML全文

图 1 对位芳纶分子内部结构示意图

Figure 1. Internal structure diagram of para-aramid molecule

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图 2 芳纶Ⅲ 分子结构

Figure 2. Molecular structure of aramid III

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图 3 Glycidyl-POSS结构示意图

Figure 3. Glycidyl-POSS in Reference

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图 4 芳纶纤维表面接枝TDI改性示意图

Figure 4. Aramid fiber surface grafting TDI modification schematic diagram

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图 5 PBIA纤维结构示意图

Figure 5. Structure diagram of PBIA fiber

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图 6 异氰酸酯基与芳纶反应式

Figure 6. Reaction of isocyanate group with aramid fiber

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图 7 多巴胺自聚合过程

Figure 7. Dopamine self-polymerization process

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图 8 涂覆剂PPTA-ECH的合成路线

Figure 8. Synthetic route of coating agent PPTA-ECH

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图 9 羟基和乙烯官能团芳香族聚酰胺的合成路线

Figure 9. Synthesis route of aromatic polyamides with hydroxyl and ethylene functional groups

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表 1 对位芳纶与间位芳纶对比

Table 1. Comparison of para-aramid and meta-aramid fibers

Chemical name	poly-p-phenylene diamine terephthalamide	poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)
Molecular formula
Performance characteristics	It has high strength, high modulus, excellent heat resistance, impact resistance and fatigue resistance. It is called ' bulletproof fiber '. The tensile strength is 6 times that of steel wire, the tensile modulus is 2 ~ 3 times that of steel wire, and the density is only 1 / 5 of steel wire.	It has low rigidity and high elongation. As a fabric, it has better comfort and handle than para-aramid fiber. It has excellent electrical insulation and radiation resistance. It can be made into insulation paper with breakdown voltage of 20 kV / mm.
Industrial chain	Composite materials, rope and cable, safety protection field, bulletproof materials, rubber reinforcement ^[9-11]	Honeycomb composite materials, electrical insulation materials, high temperature filter materials, plastics ^{[12, 13]}

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表 2 芳纶纤维改性方法原理及特点

Table 2. Principle and characteristics of aramid fiber modification method

Methods	Principle		Pros and cons	Industrialization prospect
High energy physics methods	It provides high energy to form free radical active centers on the surface of fibers, and then introduces polar groups on the surface of fibers, which can also improve the roughness of the fiber surface, enhance the wettability and bonding performance.		It is environmental and has a significant modification effect, which improves the performance of composite materials. But it has certain damage to the fiber strength and poses radiation risks.	It requires high equipment requirements, high cost investment, and is difficult to put into practical production.
Chemical methods	It introduces active groups into the surface of fibers through chemical reactions, improving reactivity.		It has many influencing factors, poor reproducibility, environmental pollution and safety risks, and can cause certain damage to the mechanical properties of fibers.	Chemical methods have safety hazards, high production costs, and are less commonly used.
Physical methods	Gum dipping	It is to immerse a fabric or fiber into a glue solution, so that the fabric or fiber is attached to a glue film, in order to improve the adhesion between the fabric and rubber	The physical method does not damage the structure of the fiber itself and has a certain enhancing effect on the mechanical properties of the fiber. It is easy to operate and has good reproducibility.	Gum dipping is relatively mature and suitable for specific processes, especially for bonding with rubber; The implementation difficulty of coating process is high, and the quality controllability is poor; Sizing has universality and great development potential, and the research and development of high-performance sizing agents is challenging
	Coating	Coating is to coat polymer on the surface of fibers to improve interfacial bonding strength
	Sizing	Sizing is an important part of the weaving process. After sizing, the sizing agent forms a dense film on the surface of the fiber to improve the reactivity, wettability and bonding properties of the fiber surface.

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