盾粉/石塑复合材料的制备与力学性能

任晓健; 王倩; 赵令; 杜晓燕; 张浩; 龙红明

盾粉/石塑复合材料的制备与力学性能

任晓健¹,
王倩^{2, 5},
赵令^{3, 4, 5},
杜晓燕^{2, 4},
张浩^{2, 3, 4, 5, ,},
龙红明^{3, 4}

1.
江苏永钢集团有限公司, 江苏张家港 215628
2.
安徽工业大学　建筑工程学院, 马鞍山 243032
3.
安徽工业大学　冶金工程学院, 马鞍山 243032
4.
冶金减排与资源综合利用教育部重点实验室, 马鞍山 243002
5.
矿山低碳复绿与固废资源化马鞍山市重点实验室, 马鞍山 243032

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金区域联合重点项目(U23A20605)；中国宝武低碳冶金创新基金(BWLCF-202202)；马鞍山市农村与社会发展领域科技计划(2022KN-13)；安徽省新时代育人质量工程项目(研究生教育)(2023qygzz016)

详细信息

通讯作者:
张浩，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为冶金固废无害高附加值非建材领域利用研究　E-mail: fengxu19821018@163.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-14
- 修回日期: 2024-09-24
- 录用日期: 2024-10-12
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-26

Preparation and mechanical properties of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

REN Xiaojian¹,
WANG Qian^{2, 5},
ZHAO Ling^{3, 4, 5},
DU Xiaoyan^{2, 4},
ZHANG Hao^{2, 3, 4, 5
, ,},
LONG Hongming^{3, 4}

1.
Jiangsu Yonggang Group Co., L.td., Zhangjiagang 215628, China
2.
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
3.
School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction & Resources Recycling (Anhui University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Ma'anshan 243002, China
5.
Key Laboratory of Mine Low-Carbon Reclamation and Solid Waste Resource Utilization of Ma'anshan, Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243032, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20605); China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foudation (BWLCF-202202); Ma'anshan Rural and Social Development Science and Technology Program (2022KN-13); Anhui Province New Era Education Quality Project for Graduate Education (2023qygzz016)

摘要

摘要: 针对滑石粉成本高、工艺复杂和钢渣产量大但利用率低的问题，采用超细立磨技术结合功能助剂，成功将钢渣加工为中位径(d₅₀)分别为6.445 μm (600目)、5.775 μm (800目)和5.098 μm (1000目)的盾粉。通过熔融共混与热压冷压相结合的工艺实现用盾粉替代滑石粉制备盾粉/石塑复合材料。对其进行拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度测试，并通过XRD、SEM、FTIR和DSC进行表征分析。结果表明，盾粉的加入显著提升了石塑复合材料的力学性能。尤其是在6.445 μm、5.775 μm和5.098 μm盾粉替代滑石粉比例为50%时，与纯滑石粉/石塑复合材料相比，拉伸强度分别提高12.3%、33.2%和27.4%，弯曲强度分别提高11.7%、26.0%和17.6%，冲击强度分别提高33.3%、52.9%和32.8%。由于，5.775 μm盾粉因其粒径分布宽度最小(2.177)，在石塑复合材料中分散性良好，显著提升了界面相容性，因此在提升石塑复合材料力学性能方面表现最为突出。此外，5.775 μm盾粉有效提高了熔融焓和结晶焓，分别为45.16 J·g⁻¹和42.31 J·g⁻¹，这有助于石塑复合材料形成更均匀的晶体结构，并促进成核和晶体生长，从而进一步提升了其力学性能。
- 钢渣 /
- 石塑 /
- 力学性能 /
- 固废利用 /
- 滑石粉
Abstract: In response to the high cost and complex processing of talc powder, as well as the large production volume but low utilization rate of steel slag, ultrafine vertical grinding technology combined with functional additives was employed to successfully process steel slag shield powder with a median diameter (d₅₀) of 6.445 μm (600 mesh), 5.775 μm (800 mesh) and 5.098 μm (1000 mesh) respectively. The preparation of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials were achieved by substituting shield powder for talc powder through a process that integrates melt blending with hot and cold pressing techniques. Tensile strength, bending strength, and impact strength tests were conducted on these materials, and characteristics were analyzed using XRD, SEM, FTIR, and DSC. The results indicate that the incorporation of shield powder significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the stone-plastic composites. Particularly, when the substitution ratio of shield powder for talc powder reaches 50%, the tensile strength is increased by 12.3%, 33.2%, and 27.4%, the bending strength by 11.7%, 26.0%, and17.6%, and the impact strength by 33.3%, 52.9%, and 32.8%, respectively, compared to the composites made with pure talc powder. Due to its narrowest fineness distribution width (2.177), the 5.775 μm shield powder exhibits excellent dispersibility in stone-plastic composite materials and significantly improves interfacial compatibility, thereby demonstrating the most pronounced performance in enhancing the mechanical properties of the stone-plastic composite materials. Additionally, the 5.775 μm shield powder effectively increases the melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy to 45.16 J·g⁻¹ and 42.31 J·g⁻¹, respectively, which aids in the formation of a more uniform crystal structure in the stone-plastic composite materials, promotes nucleation and crystal growth, and further enhances their mechanical properties.
- steel slag /
- stone-plastic /
- mechanical properties /
- waste utilization /
- talc powder

HTML全文

图 1 滑石粉与盾粉的XRD图谱

Figure 1. XRD pattern of talc powder and shield powder

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图 2 盾粉粒径对盾粉/石塑复合材料拉伸强度的影响

Figure 2. Effect of shield powder particle size on the tensile strength of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

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图 3 盾粉粒径对盾粉/石塑复合材料弯曲强度的影响

Figure 3. Effect of shield powder particle size on the bending strength of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

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图 4 盾粉粒径对盾粉/石塑复合材料冲击强度的影响

Figure 4. Effect of shield powder particle size on the impact strength of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

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图 5 盾粉/石塑复合材料的XRD图谱

Figure 5. XRD pattern of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

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图 6 盾粉/石塑复合材料的微观形貌：

Figure 6. SEM images of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

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图 7 盾粉/石塑复合材料的红外光谱图

Figure 7. Infrared spectra of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

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图 8 盾粉/石塑复合材料熔融/结晶过程DSC曲线图

Figure 8. DSC curves for the melting/crystallization process of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

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图 9 盾粉对石塑复合材料体系的补强机制

Figure 9. Reinforcement mechanism of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials

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表 1 滑石粉与盾粉的化学成分/wt%

Table 1. Chemical composition of talc powder and shield powder/wt%

Sample	CaO	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	P₂O₅	MnO	TiO₂	Others
Talc powder	93.15	2.07	0.87	0.30	2.62	0.11	—	—	0.88
6.445 μm shield powder	34.19	17.60	3.71	24.30	9.36	2.47	5.22	1.06	2.09
5.775 μm shield powder	34.29	15.75	3.45	26.53	9.23	2.91	5.23	1.06	1.55
5.098 μm shield powder	33.98	14.61	3.58	27.66	9.47	2.40	5.08	1.16	2.06

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表 2 滑石粉与盾粉的粒径分布及粒径比

Table 2. Particle size distribution and particle size ratio of talc powder and shield powder

Sample	d₉₀/μm	d₅₀/μm	d₁₀/μm	(d₉₀-d₁₀)/d₅₀	T/S₉₀	T/S₅₀	T/S₁₀
Talc powder	12.694	5.377	1.365	2.107	1	1	1
6.445 μm shield powder	19.895	6.445	1.420	2.867	0.638	0.834	0.961
5.775 μm shield powder	13.933	5.775	1.361	2.177	0.911	0.931	1.003
5.098 μm shield powder	12.578	5.098	1.366	2.199	1.009	1.055	0.999
Notes: d₉₀-90% cumulative distribution diameter; d₅₀-50% cumulative distribution diameter; d₁₀-10% cumulative distribution diameter; (d₉₀- d₁₀)/ d₅₀-Width of particle size distribution; T/S₉₀- The ratio of d₉₀ between talc powder and shield powder; T/S₅₀- The ratio of d₅₀ between talc powder and shield powder; T/S₁₀- The ratio of d₁₀ between talc powder and shield powder.

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表 3 盾粉/石塑复合材料的原料配比/wt%

Table 3. Mass fraction of shield powder/stone-plastic composite materials/wt%

Sample	PE	Lubricant	MAPE	Wood powder	Talc powder	Shield powder
Y0	30	2	4	32	32	0
Y600-1	30	2	4	32	24	8
Y600-2	30	2	4	32	16	16
Y600-3	30	2	4	32	8	24
Y600-4	30	2	4	32	0	32
Y800-1	30	2	4	32	24	8
Y800-2	30	2	4	32	16	16
Y800-3	30	2	4	32	8	24
Y800-4	30	2	4	32	0	32
Y1000-1	30	2	4	32	24	8
Y1000-2	30	2	4	32	16	16
Y1000-3	30	2	4	32	8	24
Y1000-4	30	2	4	32	0	32
Notes: PE-Polyethylene; MAPE-Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene.

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表 4 熔融、结晶曲线的特征数据

Table 4. Characteristic data of the melting curves

Sample	ΔT/℃	ΔH_m/(J·g⁻¹)	ΔH_c/(J·g⁻¹)
Y0	2.46	42.28	37.68
Y600-2	2.64	42.36	38.13
Y800-2	2.70	45.16	42.31
Y1000-2	2.71	43.38	38.27
Notes: ΔT—undercooling degree; ΔH_m—the melting enthalpy; and ΔH_c—the crystallization enthalpy.

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