Preparation and performance of water and oil-resistant packaging paper based on polysaccharide-vegetable wax-nano-SiO2
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摘要: 随着社会的发展，人们对无毒环保食品包装材料的需求不断增加。现阶段，兼顾防水防油性能的无氟食品包装纸研究较少。本研究以壳聚糖溶液与海藻酸钠溶液为原料，通过阿魏酸交联制备复合防油剂，并涂布在食品包装原纸上，制备防油纸；然后以巴西棕榈蜡与纳米二氧化硅为原料，制备复合防水剂，采用浸渍的方法，制备防水防油纸，探究不同配比及涂布量对纸张防水防油效果与纸张性能的影响。结果表明：当壳聚糖与海藻酸钠复配比例为8∶2,涂布量为4 g/m2时，防油纸可达到最高防油等级(12级)；当巴西棕榈蜡与纳米二氧化硅复配比为4∶3，浸渍量为3 g/m2时，纸张Cobb值为5.93 g/m2，水接触角为158.40°，显著提升了原纸的防油性能与防水性能。此外，与未涂布纸相比，防水防油纸的抗张强度提升了30%，透气度下降了60%。本论文制备工艺简单，原材料无氟环保，纸张防水防油性能较好，有望在食品包装得到应用。Abstract: With the development of society, the demand for non-toxic and environmentally friendly food packaging materials has been increasing. At this stage, there are few studies on fluorine-free food packaging paper that take into account both water and oil resistance. In this study, a compound oil-proof agent was prepared by cross-linking chitosan solution and sodium alginate solution with ferulic acid, and coated on the food packaging base paper to prepare oil-resistant paper; then a compound water-proof agent was prepared by using carnauba wax and silica nanoparticles as raw materials, water and oil-resistant paper was prepared by dipping method, and investigated the effects of different ratios and coating amounts on the water and oil resistant effect of paper and paper performance. The results show that when the compound ratio of chitosan and sodium alginate solution is 8∶2 and the coating amount is 4 g/m2, the oil-resistant paper can reach the highest oil-proof grade (grade 12); when the compound ratio of carnauba wax and silica nanoparticles is 4∶3 and the dipping amount is 3 g/m2, the Cobb value of the paper is 5.93 g/m2 and the water contact angle is 158.40°, which significantly improves the water and oil-resistant performance of the base paper. In addition, compared with the base paper, the tensile strength of the water and oil-resistant paper shows a raise of 30% and the air permeability shows a reduction of 60%. In short, the preparation process of this study is simple, the raw materials are fluorine-free and environmentally friendly and the coated paper shows better water and oil resistance, which is expected to be applied in food packaging.
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图 1 多糖-植物蜡-纳米二氧化硅(CS-SA-CW-HSNPs)防水防油纸制备流程
Figure 1. Preparation process of polysaccharide-vegetable wax-nano-SiO2 (CS-SA-CW-HSNPs) water and oil-resistant paper
图 2 (a)不同浸渍量CW-HSNPs防水纸Cobb值与水接触角; (b)不同比例CS-SA防油涂层黏度
Figure 2. Cobb value and WCA of CW-HSNPs water-resistant paper with different dipping amounts(a) and viscosity of CS-SA oil-resistant coating with different ratios(b)
图 3 (a)不同比例CS-SA防油纸防油等级；(b)涂布量对纸张防油性能影响
Figure 3. Oil resistance grade of CS-SA oil-resistant paper with different rations(a) and influence of coating amounts on oil resistance of paper(b)
图 4 不同比例防水防油纸的厚度(a)、透气度(b)、抗张强度(c)；(d)原纸与防水防油纸润湿性能
Figure 4. Thickness (a), air permeability (b), tensile strength (c) of different rations of water and oil-resistant paper; (d) wetting properties of base paper and water and oil-resistant paper
图 5 原纸、防油纸、防水防油纸水蒸气透过率(a)与油脂吸收率(b)
Figure 5. WVTR(a) and oil absorption rate(b) of base paper, oil-resistant paper and water and oil-resistant paper
图 6 原纸、防油纸、防水防油纸FTIR光谱
Figure 6. FTIR spectra of base paper, oil-resistant paper and water and oil-resistant paper
图 7 原纸、防油纸、防水防油纸SEM图像
Figure 7. SEM image of base paper, oil-resistant paper and water and oil-resistant paper
((a) Uncoated paper; (b) Oil-resistant paper; (c) Water and oil-resistant paper; (d-f) Corresponding sectional view)
图 8 原纸、防油纸、防水防油纸AFM图像
Figure 8. AFM image of base paper, oil-resistant paper and water and oil-resistant paper
((a) Uncoated paper; (b) Oil-resistant paper; (c) Water and oil-resistant paper; (d-f) Corresponding sectional view)
图 9 原纸、防油纸、防水防油纸TG曲线(a)与DTG曲线(b)
Figure 9. TG (a) and DTG (b) curve of base paper, oil-resistant paper and water and oil-resistant paper
图 10 大豆油、薯条、可乐对防水防油纸的渗透效果
Figure 10. Penetration effect of soybean oil, french fries and cola on water and oil-resistant paper ((a、c、e) Uncoated paper; (b、d、f) Water and oil-resistant paper)
表 1 测试液体表面能(
$ {\gamma }_{l} $ )极性分量($ {\gamma }_{l}^{h} $ )与色散分量($ {\gamma }_{l}^{d} $ )Table 1. The dispersion component(
$ {\gamma }_{l}^{d} $ )and polar component($ {\gamma }_{l}^{h} $ )of the surface energy($ {\gamma }_{l} $ )in the test liquidLiquid $ {\gamma }_{l}^{d} $/
(J·m−2)$ {\gamma }_{l}^{h} $ /
(J·m−2)$ {\gamma }_{l} $/
(J·m−2)H2O 0.0218 0.0510 0.0728 CH2I2 0.0485 0.0023 0.0508 
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表 2 CW-HSNPs工艺探究
Table 2. CW-HSNPs Process research results
Sample CW/
%HSNPs/
%Cobb/
(g·m−2)WCA/
(°)CW-HSNPs-1 1.0 1.0 11.22 140.20 CW-HSNPs-2 1.0 1.5 8.86 147.60 CW-HSNPs-3 1.0 2.0 7.70 150.30 CW-HSNPs-4 2.0 1.0 8.39 148.40 CW-HSNPs-5 2.0 1.5 5.93 158.40 CW-HSNPs-6 2.0 2.0 5.86 158.60 CW-HSNPs-7 3.0 1.0 8.29 148.50 CW-HSNPs-8 3.0 1.5 5.90 158.50 CW-HSNPs-9 3.0 2.0 5.84 158.60
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表 3 未涂布纸与涂布纸表面能(
$ {\gamma }_{l} $ )中极性分量($ {\gamma }_{l}^{h} $ )与色散分量($ {\gamma }_{l}^{d} $ )Table 3. The polar component(
$ {\gamma }_{l}^{h} $ )and dispersion component($ {\gamma }_{l}^{d} $ )of the surface energy($ {\gamma }_{l} $ )of uncoated and coated paperSample $ {\gamma }_{l}^{d} $/
(J·m−2)$ {\gamma }_{l}^{h} $/
(J·m−2)$ {\gamma }_{l} $/
(J·m−2)Uncoated 0.0374 0.0130 0.0504 Coated 0.0164 0.0090 0.0254
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